To determine: The difference in resistance to blood flow in a blood vessel of radius 60μm and a capillary of radius 4μm.
Introduction: The blood vessel represents one of the major components of the human circulatory system is responsible for the circulation of blood. The blood vessels are of different types such as arteries (carries blood away from the heart), veins (carries blood to the heart from the body and tissues), and more.
Explanation of Solution
The size of blood vessels varies in each one of them. The aorta has the largest radius, while the capillaries are known to have the lowest radius. The narrower the blood vessel, the greater the frictional resistance to blood flow. The radius of a blood vessel is 60μm while of a capillary is 4 μm hence the difference is 15 fold (60/4) and because the resistance increases to the fourth power in inverse proportion while the difference in resistance to blood flow will be 15 to the fourth power or 154 which is equal to 50,625.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 48 Solutions
BIOLOGY CONNECT ACCESS CARD
- Action potential of the heart it occurs when the cell reaches a point of stimulation, the sodium channel opens and rushes into the cell, this positive flow of electrons into the cell results to an electrical potential Phase 3 Phase O Phase 1 Phase 2arrow_forwardThe Importance of the Electrocardiogram and Holter Monitor in the Cardiovascular System Instructions The standard EKG consists of 10 sensors that record 12 leads of the heart’s electrical activity from different angles, allowing for a thorough three-dimensional interpretation of its activity. This is transmitted by the electrodes to the equipment to be interpreted and is used to diagnose cardiac medical conditions. In case of an abnormal EKG, the second step would be to use a Holter monitor. How would you explain to your classmates how to perform an EKG (steps)? Where will you place the electrodes when performing and EKG? Why? What are the different lead types, connections, and placements? When you conclude an EKG, what are the different components that you need to observe and confirm before you disconnect the patient? Can you explain the difference between normal, abnormal, and artifacts? What is a Holter monitor? Under what circumstances would one be ordered for a patient?…arrow_forwardBiophysics For blood vessels of the same diameter, in which vessel will blood flow faster?a.) in an obstructed vesselb.) in an unobstructed blood vesselc.) the velocity remains the same in botharrow_forward
- The Importance of the Electrocardiogram and Holter Monitor in the Cardiovascular System Instructions The standard EKG consists of 10 sensors that record 12 leads of the heart’s electrical activity from different angles, allowing for a thorough three-dimensional interpretation of its activity. This is transmitted by the electrodes to the equipment to be interpreted and is used to diagnose cardiac medical conditions. In case of an abnormal EKG, the second step would be to use a Holter monitor. How would you explain how to perform an EKG (steps)? Where will you place the electrodes when performing and EKG? Why? What are the different lead types, connections, and placements? When you conclude an EKG, what are the different components that you need to observe and confirm before you disconnect the patient? Can you explain the difference between normal, abnormal, and artifacts? What is a Holter monitor? Under what circumstances would one be ordered for a patient? How do you use a…arrow_forwardHow a normal stethoscope can be converted into an electronic stethoscope? Mention its advantages and disadvantages.arrow_forwardLet's Review - Human Circulation Your textbook begins the discussion of the path that blood takes around the body starting at the right atrium. But remember that this path a cycle, and therefore there is no true beginning or end. To make sure you have the idea, I would like you to trace the flow of blood around the human body starting at the AORTA. Complete the activity below. 1 E Right Atrium E Right ventricle 3 Aorta 4 Left Ventricle 5 : Left Atrium 6 Vena Cava 7 | Cells of the body 8 | Lungs ::::arrow_forward
- The Importance of the Electrocardiogram and Holter Monitor in the Cardiovascular System Instructions The standard EKG consists of 10 sensors that record 12 leads of the heart’s electrical activity from different angles, allowing for a thorough three-dimensional interpretation of its activity. This is transmitted by the electrodes to the equipment to be interpreted and is used to diagnose cardiac medical conditions. In case of an abnormal EKG, the second step would be to use a Holter monitor. 1.Educate a patient: What you will do before, during, and after an electrocardiogram or using a Holter monitor? 2.List 5 medical cardiac conditions or diseases that you can diagnose with an electrocardiogram or Holter monitor.arrow_forwardThe Importance of the Electrocardiogram and Holter Monitor in the Cardiovascular System Instructions The standard EKG consists of 10 sensors that record 12 leads of the heart’s electrical activity from different angles, allowing for a thorough three-dimensional interpretation of its activity. This is transmitted by the electrodes to the equipment to be interpreted and is used to diagnose cardiac medical conditions. In case of an abnormal EKG, the second step would be to use a Holter monitor. 1.How would you explain to your classmates how to perform an EKG (steps)? 2.Where will you place the electrodes when performing and EKG? Why? 3.What are the different lead types, connections, and placements?arrow_forwardThe pressure in the aorta changes throughout the cardiac cycle. During systole, as the heart contracts, the outflux of blood into the aorta causes an increase in pressure, whereas during diastole the pressure decreases as the heart relaxes. A simple model for the aortic pressure waveform is given by the Windkessel effect described by the image below. In this model, the heart is considered a pressure generating pump which is directly connected to an elastic compartment (the aorta), which in turn is connected to a rigid set of peripheral vessels (the hose of the firefighter). 5 Pump Heart Air Windkessel Elastic arteries In order to find the aortic pressure waveform from the Windkessel model, a mass balance formulation around the aorta must be formulated. Coming into the aorta from the heart we have the flowrate Q(t). According to conservation of mass, this inflow rate Q(t) must be equal to the outflow rate into the peripheral vessels and the change in volume of the aorta. To find these…arrow_forward
- An electromagnetic flowmeter can measure the speed of blood flow through an artery during surgery. When the meter is turned on, positively- and negatively-charged ions in the blood tend to accumulate near opposite walls of the artery (as shown in the diagram below). This causes an electric field within the artery. + + + + + + + + + + blood flow (a) Sketch the electric field set up by the grouping of ions. (b) What is the magnitude of the force on an ion, with charge of *q, flowing along the middle of the artery, due to the electric field within the artery? Express your answer in relation to the magnitude of the electric field. (c) What is the direction of this force? (d) Repeat for charge of q (equal in magnitude but opposite in sign.)arrow_forwardFunctions Word Bank Removes waste products from cellular metabolism (urea, water, CO2) Takes in oxygen. Removes CO2 and H2O Remove indigestible food from body (feces) Barrier against infection (1st line of defense) Removes excretory waste (urea,water) Protects against sun's UV rays Transport materials to and from cells Gathers and interprets information Filters blood Protects organs Provides shape, support Stores materials (fats, minerals) Allows movement Responds to information Helps maintain homeostasis Allow organisms to reproduce which prevents extinction Produces blood cells Take in food (ingestion) Allows for movement by contracting Stores and carries WBC's that fight disease Collects excess fluid and returns it to blood Digest food into smaller molecules and absorb nutrients Regulates body activities using hormones Fights off foreign invaders in the body Produces Vitamin Darrow_forwardData Analysis and Conclusions 1. Why are the walls of the left ventricle thicker than the walls of the right ventricle? 2. Pulmonary circulation carries blood between the heart and the lungs. Systemic circulation carries blood to the rest of the body. In what chambers of the heart does pulmonary circulation begin and end? In what chambers does systemic circulation begin and end?arrow_forward