BIOLOGY
BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 46.8, Problem 3LO
Summary Introduction

To discuss: The convergent evolution at the molecular level in herbivores.

Introduction: The herbivore is an animal physiologically and anatomically adapted to eating plant material. As a result of their plant diet, herbivorous animals generally have mouthparts adapted to grinding or rasping.

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Phylogenetic trees are used to show the evolutionary relationships among various biological species and are usually based upon shared derived characters. In constructing phylogenetic trees, it is useful to first draw up a character table to show the presence or absence of characters among the various groups of organisms being studied. a. Draw up a character table based upon the following shared derived characters of land plants: flowers, seeds, vascular tissues, and dependent embryos. Your character table must include the names/descriptions of the plant groups that are being characterized. b. Construct a phylogenetic tree based on this data.
Examine the image of the relatedness of vertebrates represented in this phylogenetic tree. Which statements are correctly inferred from this tree? Select all that apply.   A) The mammals are the outgroup in this tree.     B) Birds and dinosaurs share a recent common ancestor.     C) Mammals and birds are more closely related than any other species.     D) Turtles are equally as diverged from lizards and snakes as they are from crocodiles.     E) Lizards and snakes are more recently diverged from each other than they are from crocodiles.
Flowering plants have common ancestors with other plants and plant-like organisms. The table below shows the last common ancestor shared between flowering plants and two other types of organisms. Last common ancestor with flowering plants Cone-producing plants 250 million years ago Green Algae 500 million years ago A scientist compares the amino acid sequences of a protein produced by flowering plants, a cone-producing plant, and green algae. What prediction about these sequences is supported by the data in the table? The amino acid sequences for flowering plants and cone-producing plants will be the most similar. O The amino acid sequences for all three organisms will be identical. O The amino acid sequences for flowering plants and green algae will be the most similar. O The amino acid sequences for all three organisms will have no similarities.
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