Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781337571357
Author: Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar Torres
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Question
Chapter 4.6, Problem 4.11QC
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
Number of molecules of water in glass of water (235 g) should be identified.
Concept Introduction:
Number of mol of a compound can be determined by dividing the mass of compound in g by its molar mass as follows:
n=m /M.
where, n is mol.
m is mass in g.
M is molar mass.
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PROBLEM-SOLVING EXAMPLE 3-6 Percent Composition
of Hydrated Salt
Epsom salt is MgSO4 7 H,O. (a) What is the percent by mass of water in Epsom salt?
(b) What are the percentages of each element in Epsom salt?
Strategy and Explanation
a. We first find the molar mass of Epsom salt, which is the sum of the molar masses of
the atoms in the chemical formula:
[1 mol Mg x (24.31 g Mg/mol Mg)] + [1 mol S × (32.07 g S/mol S)]
+ [4 mol O x (15.9994 g O/mol O)] + [14 mol H x (1.0079 g H/mol H)]
+ [7 mol O x (15.9994 g O/mol O)] = 246.49 g/mol Epsom salt
%3D
Because 1 mol Epsom salt contains 7 mol H,O, the mass of water in 1 mol Epsom salt is,
7 mol H,O x (18.012 g H,O/mol H,O) = 126.08 g H,0
126.08 g water per mol Epsom salt
% H,O
x 100% = 51.15% H,0
246.49 g/mol Epsom salt
D. We calculate the percentage of magnesium from the ratio of the mass of magnesium
in 1 mol Epsom salt to the mass of Epsom salt in 1 mol:
% Mg
mass of Mg in 1 mol Epsom salt
mass of Epsom salt in 1 mol
24.31 g Mg
246.49 g/mol…
PROBLEM-SOLVING EXAMPLE 3-6 Percent Composition
of Hydrated Salt
Epsom salt is MgSO, 7 H,O. (a) What is the percent by mass of water in Epsom salt?
(b) What are the percentages of each element in Epsom salt?
Strategy and Explanation
a. We first find the molar mass of Epsom salt, which is the sum of the molar masses of
the atoms in the chemical formula:
[1 mol Mg x (24.31 g Mg/mol Mg)] + [1 mol S x (32.07 g S/mol S)]
+ [4 mol O x (15.9994 g O/mol O)] + [14 mol H x (1.0079 g H/mol H)]
+ [7 mol O x (15.9994 g O/mol O)] = 246.49 g/mol Epsom salt
Because 1 mol Epsom salt contains 7 mol H,O, the mass of water in 1 mol Epsom salt is,
7 mol H,O x (18.012 g H,O/mol H,O) = 126.08 g H,0
126.08 g water per mol Epsom salt
% H,O =
x 100% = 51.15% H,O
%3D
246.49 g/mol Epsom salt
b. We calculate the percentage of magnesium from the ratio of the mass of magnesium
in 1 mol Epsom salt to the mass of Epsom salt in 1 mol:
mass of Mg in 1 mol Epsom salt
% Mg
mass of Epsom salt in 1 mol
24.31g Mg
x 100% =…
PROBLEM-SOLVING PRACTICE 3-6
What is the mass percent of each element in hydrated nickel(II) chloride, NiCl, 6 H.02
Chapter 4 Solutions
Introduction To General, Organic, And Biochemistry
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