EBK PHYSICS FOR SCIENTISTS & ENGINEERS
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780134296074
Author: GIANCOLI
Publisher: VST
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Chapter 44, Problem 47GP
To determine
The distance of the nearest star.
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= 2000 K and a radius of R,
A young recently formed planet has a surface temperature T
Jupiter radii (where Jupiter's radius is 7 x 107 m). Calculate the luminosity of the planet and
2
determine the ratio of the planet's luminosity to that of the Sun.
Earth is about 150 million kilometers from the Sun (1 Astronomical Unit, or AU), and the apparent brightness of the Sun in our sky is about 1300 watts/m^2.
Using these two facts and the inverse square law for light, determine the apparent brightness that we would measure for the Sun if we were located at the following positions.
a) At the orbit of Venus (67 million km from the Sun).
b) At the orbit of Jupiter (780 million km from the Sun).
c) At the mean distance of Pluto (40 Astronomical Units).
Time left 1:45:56
A star has initially a radius of 680000000 m and a period of rotation about its axis of 33 days.
Eventually it changes into a neutron star with a radius of only 45000 m and a period of 0.3 s.
Assuming that the mass has not changed, find
Assume a star has the shape of a sphere.
(Suggestion: do it with formula first, then put the numbers in)
[Recommended time : 5-8 minutes]
(a) the ratio of initial to final angular momentum (Li/Lf)
Oa. 2.17E+15
Ob. 24
Oc. 0.0416
Od. 4.61E-16
(b) the ratio of initial to final kinetic energy
Oa. 4.85E-23
Ob. 396000
Oc. 2.53E-6
Od. 2.06E+22
Chapter 44 Solutions
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- Earth is about 150 million kilometers from the Sun (1 Astronomical Unit, or AU), and the apparent brightness of the Sun in our sky is about 1300 watts/m^2. Using these two facts and the inverse square law for light, determine the apparent brightness that we would measure for the Sun if we were located at the following positions. b) At the orbit of Jupiter (780 million km from the Sun).arrow_forwardLet us imagine that the spectrum of a star is collected and we find the absorption line of Hydrogen-Alpha (the deepest absorption line of hydrogen in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum) to be observed at 656.5 nm instead of 656.3 nm as measured in a lab here on Earth. What is the velocity of this star in m/s? (Hint: speed of light is 3*10^8 m/s; leave the units off of your answer) Question 4 of 7 A Moving to another question will save this response. 1 6:59 & backsarrow_forwardLet us imagine that the spectrum of a star is collected and we find the absorption line of Hydrogen-Alpha (the deepest absorption line of hydrogen in the visible part of the electromagnetic spectrum) to be observed at 656.5 nm instead of 656.3 nm as measured in a lab here on Earth. What is the velocity of this star in m/s? (Hint: speed of light is 3*10^8 m/s; leave the units off of your answer)arrow_forward
- Earth is about 150 million kilometers from the Sun (1 Astronomical Unit, or AU), and the apparent brightness of the Sun in our sky is about 1300 watts/m2. Using these two facts and the inverse square law for light, determine the apparent brightness that we would measure for the Sun if we were located at the following positions. a) At the orbit of Jupiter (780 million km from the Sun).arrow_forwardDistances to the nearest stars (up to 500 ly away) can be measured by a technique called parallax, as shown . What are the angles θ1 and θ2 relative to the plane of the Earth’s orbit for a star 4.0 ly directly above the Sun?arrow_forwardIn the 19th century, measurements of the precession of the orbits of the planets in the solarsystem were performed, and preformed to a new standard of precision that allowedpredictions to be made from deviations from gravitational theory. Newtonian gravitationwas sufficient to predict the precession in most of the planets, but Mercury’s precession wasanomalous: the long axis of its elliptical orbit changes direction by 43”/century (arcsecondsper tropical century) faster than the expected speed. One theory that was created to explainthis effect was that there was an “anti-Earth” called Vulcan that orbited the sun exactlyopposite the Earth. 1 If this theory had been correct, how much different would the orbit of the Earth be fromwhat it is today? Express your answer in terms of the ratio of the difference of the predictedperiod of the Earth with and without Vulcan to the period of the Earth without thehypothetical planet. Some assumptions will be necessary to get a nice answer:(i) Do not…arrow_forward
- (Astronomy) PSR1913+16 Problem III. As the shape of the graph shown is not skewed, the orbit can be assumed circular. Also assume the system is viewed edge-on (that is, the orbital system is not inclined to the observer). Using these assumptions, the maximum radial velocities, and the orbital period T = 7.75 hours, find the orbital radii of the stars from the center of mass. (Hints: The figures below may be helpful. Use v = 2πr/P, where v is velocity, P is period, and r is radius. Note: redshifts have positive radial velocities values in the upper figure, whereas blueshifts have negative radial velocity values.)arrow_forwardA star has an element in its atmosphere that normally emits a line of frequency fs = 7.5 x 10^14 vib/s. If astronomers measure the frequency of this line to be fo = 7.7 x 10^14 vib/s, then how fast are the Earth and this star traveling relative to each other? Remember that the correct equation for the speed v is given by v = [(fo^2 - fs^2) / (fo^2 + fs^2)] c Remember fo^2 means "fo squared."arrow_forwardThe figure above shows the light-curve obtained from continuous monitoring of the flux received from a star. Assuming that the dips arise because a planet orbiting the star passes between it and the observer once per orbit, estimate the orbital period (in days), the orbital semi-major axis (in Astronomical Units), and the physical radius of the planet (in units of the Earth’s radius). The star has a mass of 1.47 M⊙ and a radius of 1.84 R⊙.arrow_forward
- Earth is about 150 million kilometers from the Sun (1 Astronomical Unit, or AU), and the apparent brightness of the Sun in our sky is about 1300 watts/m2. Using these two facts and the inverse square law for light, determine the apparent brightness that we would measure for the Sun if we were located at the following positions. a) At the orbit of Venus (67 million km from the Sun)arrow_forwardIf a binary star system has a 0.1M⊙ star and a 10.0M⊙ star with a measured periastron and apastron of 40 and 80 AUs, respectively, calculate the orbital period in years of the binary star system. Be sure to show all work!arrow_forwardWhat would be the Schwarzschild radius, in light years, if our Milky Way galaxy of 100 billion stars collapsed into a black hole? Compare this to our distance from the center, about 13,000 light years.arrow_forward
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