Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
Pearson eText Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology -- Instant Access (Pearson+)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780135755785
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk
Publisher: PEARSON+
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Chapter 43.5, Problem 1HYEW
Summary Introduction

To determine:

Why childbirth is so difficult.

Introduction:

Earlier, head of the newborn babies was smaller due to the poor nutrients. But now, the women’s hip has evolved wider so that large headed infants would be easily squeezed out.

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According to Richard Owen, the forelimbs of an adult human (with hands, adapted for grasping fruit from a tree), and the forelimbs of an adult bat (with wings, adapted for flight), are both derived from the same mammalian embryological structures, so they must represent: homologous structures, with similar embryonic anatomy, but different functions analogous structures, with different functions, and different embryonic anatomy analogous structures, with similar functions, but different embryonic anatomy analogous structures, with different embryonic anatomy, and different functions homologous structures, with different embryonic anatomy, but similar functions
One of the earliest experimental embryology experiments was conducted by Wilhelm Roux, who used a hot needle to kill one of the cells in an amphibian embryo at the two-cell stage. In the experiment, the remaining living cell formed only half of an embryo. However, later vertebrate experiments showed that by completely separating cells in early embryos, each can make complete individuals. What could explain the discrepancy in these experiments?
Vertebrate embryos all follow a very similar developmental process. Which statement could explain this similarity? All vertebrates develop a backbone that protects the spinal cord. All vertebrates live in similar environments which require the same adaptations. All vertebrates inherit the same sequence of DNA from their parents. All vertebrates require the same nutrients during embryological development.
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