Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics
9th Edition
ISBN: 9781133953982
Author: SERWAY, Raymond A./
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 43, Problem 1OQ
To determine

True statements among the following statements about a superconductor below its critical temperature.

Expert Solution & Answer
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Answer to Problem 1OQ

(a)        False

(b)        False

(c)        True

(d)        True

(e)        True

Explanation of Solution

(a)

A super conductor is a material that offers zero resistance to the passage of electrons. It exhibits superconductivity below a particular temperature called critical temperature. They also expels all the magnetic flux lines.

When the temperature of a super conductor is reduced beyond its critical temperature, all the magnetic field lines from the conductor will be expelled. So if the super conductor carried infinite current, it would produce infinite magnetic field which is against the theory of super conductors. Hence statement (a) is False_.

(b)

A conductor becomes super conductor if the temperature is reduced below the critical temperature of the conductor. A condition that they should carry some non-zero current in it does not exist. So statement (b) is False_.

(c)

Write the expression for resistivity of a conductor.

    ρ=EJ

Here, ρ is the resistivity of a conductor, E is the electric field, and J is the current density.

For a superconductor under critical temperature, the resistivity is zero. From the above equation, if resistivity has to be zero, then electric field must be zero. Thus option (c) is True_.

(d)

When the temperature of a conductor is reduced below its critical temperature, resistance reduces to zero and all the magnetic field lines inside the conductor is expelled. Then the conductor is said to be a super conductor. When the temperature is lowered, the electrons will rearrange themselves to make the net magnetic field equal to zero. Thus option (d) is True_.

(e)

For internal energy to be produced, the charge carriers should collide with the lattice ions. For normal conductors the charge carriers while moving collide with the lattice and produce energy. But in super conductor the current is carried by cooper pairs. But cooper pairs never collide with lattice as they remain in pairs. So internal energy is produced. Thus option (e) is True_.

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Tin (Sn) has a superconductive critical temperature Tc = 3.7 K and critical magnetic field at T = 0 K equal to Bc = 31 mT. What is the maximum magnetic field Sn can sustain at the critical temperature without losing its superconducting state? What is the minimum radius required for an infinite linear wire of Sn if it is to carry a current of 200 A at T = 3.0 K whilst still in its superconducting state?
Q2:- Germanium is doped with 6 x105 donor atoms per cm3 at T = 300 K. The dimensions of the Hall device are d 5 x 103 cm, W= 2 x 102 cm, and L= 10' cm. The current is Ix =350 µA, the applied voltage is Vx= 150 mV, and the magnetic flux density is B2= 500 gauss= 4 x102 tesla. Calculate: (a) the Hall voltage, (b) the Hall field, and (c) the carrier mobility
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Chapter 43 Solutions

Physics for Scientists and Engineers With Modern Physics

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