BIOLOGY W/ ACCESS>B<
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781264725441
Author: Mader
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 42, Problem 2TC
A variety of fertility tests are available for women to purchase over the counter—for example, at drugstores. Especially as more women delay their first pregnancy until they are older, these tests are becoming more popular. Many of these tests incorporate antibodies that specifically react with hormones found in a woman’s urine. What specific hormones could be measured in these tests, and how might these tests actually work?
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One of the common unfortunate consequences of a vasectomy is that the proximal ends of the ductus deferens rupture and spermatozoa are exposed to the immune system. The person with the testes then produces antibodies against their own sperm. This has consequences for the effectiveness of a vasectomy reversal.
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- Whatever the mechanisms, it has been estimated that 25–30% of human neural tube birth defects can be prevented if pregnant women take supplemental folate.arrow_forwardWhen investigating fertility concerns, a common course of action is to rule out sperm cell-related causes of infertility first since obtaining the relevant specimens is generally less invasive. Vitality is a commonly assessed parameter, particularly when motility is deemed poor since it allows physicians to differentiate between live non-motile sperm and dead sperm cells. The procedure for determining vitality is to place sperm in a hypotonic solution and observe the specimen under the microscope after a 5-minute incubation. This short incubation time allows for observable cellular changes without causing cell death. What type of microscope (light or electron) would you recommend using to observe sperm cells for this laboratory test and why?arrow_forwardPlease Explain! A repeat semen analysis for fertility testing is reported as follows: VOLUME: 3.5 mL SPERM CONCENTRATION: 6 million/mL VISCOSITY: Normal SPERM MOTILITY: 30%—grade 1.0 PH: 7.5 MORPHOLOGY: <30% normal-forms—30 spermatids/100 sperm The results correspond with the first analysis. Which of the test results are abnormal? What is the sperm count on this specimen? What is the spermatid count? Based on the spermatid count, what additional test can be performed?arrow_forward
- Which of the following rows indicates this pregnancy hormone and the correct location of production? A. Hormone - Human chorionic gonadotropin, Location of production up until 10 weeks - Trophoblast, Location of production after 10 weeks - Placenta B. Hormone - Human chorionic gonadotropin, Location of production up until 10 weeks - Embryo, Location of production after 10 weeks - Fetus C. Hormone - Progesterone, Location of production up until 10 weeks - Ovary, Location of production after 10 weeks - Placenta D. Hormone - Progesterone, Location of production up until 10 weeks - Trophoblast, Location of production after 10 weeks - Placentaarrow_forwardWhen investigating fertility concerns, a common course of action is to rule out sperm cell-related causes of infertility first since obtaining the relevant specimens is generally less invasive. Vitality is another commonly assessed parameter, particularly when motility is deemed poor since it allows physicians to differentiate between live and dead sperm cells. Describe what you would expect to observe (after using the microscope) in the case of a live sperm cell and why? How can you distinguish it from a dead sperm cell in the same sample?arrow_forwardWhich of the following hormones is not matched correctly to itseffect on the mother? a. peptide hormones—increased resistance to insulin b. progesterone—reduced chances of the mother having an immune reaction to the fetus c. estrogen—increased uterine blood flow d. progesterone—relaxation of smooth muscle and decrease in blood pressure e. All of these are matched correctlyarrow_forward
- During the early stages of family planning, a client asks their nurse how over the counter pregnancy tests work. The most appropriate explanation is that the pregnancy test detects the presence of _______ in the urine. Question 22 options: a) Gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) b) Human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) c) Progesterone d) Luteinizing hormone (LH)arrow_forwardA patient brought a urine specimen to the clinic for hCG testing. She reported that she had performed a home pregnancy test earlier that day on this same specimen and the results were negative, even though she felt sure that she was pregnant. The technology tested the specific gravity of the urine and found it to be 1.007. Is the patient pregnant? What advice should be given the patient? Do you believe she had a false negative test? Why or why not?arrow_forwardWHICH OF THE FOLLOWING STATEMENTS IS CONSISTENT WITH THE RESULTS OF THE EXPERIMENT? Piericidin A inhibits ATP production of normal prostate epithelium. Piericidin only inhibits ATP production of normal prostate epithelium. Piericidin A stimulates ATP production of both normal and tumor-derived prostate epithelium. Piericidin A inhibits ATP production of both normal and tumor-derived prostate epithelium.arrow_forward
- Please explain the effect/role of testosterone, in livestock, in the following statements 1. Causes anger and aggresiveness in livestock 2. Testosterone for mating functionality 3. Testosterone before puberty and after puberty 4. How is testosterone motivated 5. Negative feedback 6. Spermatogenesis 7. Temperature 8. Testosterone in females 9. Sperm pathway according to testosterone production 10. Optimal state for sperm according to testosterone 11. Fertilization what is testosterones role in this - 12. Effect if testosterone is not present in malesarrow_forwardJack and Gill are married couples with three children . The couple consulted a family planning clinic . As the nurse manning the clinic you counselled the couple regarding family planning . Jack asks the nurse about vasectomy . He understands that this is a minor operation and asks if he'll become sterile immediately . The nurse's best response is: “No you'll remain fertile ." It may takes several weeks and as many as 30 to 40 ejaculations to remove all the live sperm." You'll be sterile in 2 to 3 days ." If the procedure is done correctly you'll be sterile immediatelyarrow_forwardWhat is the difference between in vitro fertilization (IVF)and artificial insemination? Select one: a. IVF involves fertilization outside the body, whereas artificial insemination involves internal fertilization. b. During IVF, gametes are introduced into the womb, whereas during artificial insemination, a blastocyst is implanted on the uterus. c. IVF includes giving the woman additional FSH and LH to induce superovulation, whereas artificial insemination involves a woman undergoing any hormonal treatment. d. Artificial insemination can be used during a surrogacy, whereas IVF cannot.arrow_forward
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