Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
14th Edition
ISBN: 9781305073951
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 42, Problem 2CT
Summary Introduction
To explain: The effect decreased oxytocin has on breast-feeding.
Concept introduction: Oxytocin is a peptide hormone that is involved in social bonding, sexual reproduction, child birth, and milk production in the mammary glands of the female.
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A woman is in labor. The size of the fetus combined with the contractions of the uterine muscular layer stretches the uterine wall, stimulating stretch receptors in the cervix. Signals from these receptors are conducted through nerves to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The hypothalamus/posterior pituitary releases oxytocin. The oxytocin travels through the blood and stimulates the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Oxytocin has two effects on the uterine smooth muscle:
It directly stimulates the smooth muscle to contract more frequently and more
It causes the uterine wall to release prostaglandins, which increase the frequency and force of
These effects push the fetus more forcefully into the cervix, stimulating the stretch receptors further. The receptors send additional impulses to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The increased activation of the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary stimulates release of additional oxytocin, which further stimulates the uterus. This cycle of…
A woman is in labor. The size of the fetus combined with the contractions of the uterine muscular layer stretches the uterine wall, stimulating stretch receptors in the cervix. Signals from these receptors are conducted through nerves to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The hypothalamus/posterior pituitary releases oxytocin. The oxytocin travels through the blood and stimulates the smooth muscle layer of the uterus. Oxytocin has two effects on the uterine smooth muscle:1. Itdirectlystimulatesthesmoothmuscletocontractmorefrequentlyandmoreforcefully.2. Itcausestheuterinewalltoreleaseprostaglandins,whichincreasethefrequencyandforceofthe contractions even more.These effects push the fetus more forcefully into the cervix, stimulating the stretch receptors further. The receptors send additional impulses to the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary. The increased activation of the hypothalamus/posterior pituitary stimulates release of additional oxytocin, which further stimulates the uterus.…
Chapter 42 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 42 - The end product of cleavage is a __________. a....Ch. 42 - The outermost germ layer in a vertebrate gastrula...Ch. 42 - Prob. 3SQCh. 42 - Match each term with the most suitable...Ch. 42 - In humans, fertilization typically occurs in the...Ch. 42 - The ________, a fluid-filled sac, surrounds and...Ch. 42 - Prob. 1DAACh. 42 - Prob. 2DAACh. 42 - Prob. 3DAACh. 42 - Birth Defects and Multiple Births A woman who...
Ch. 42 - The placenta consists of __________. a. embryonic...Ch. 42 - During the fetal period, ____________. a....Ch. 42 - Prob. 9SQCh. 42 - Match each hormone with its action(s). ______...Ch. 42 - Prob. 11SQCh. 42 - Prob. 12SQCh. 42 - Prob. 13SQCh. 42 - Prob. 14SQCh. 42 - Prob. 15SQCh. 42 - The rubella virus causes German measles. If a...Ch. 42 - Prob. 2CTCh. 42 - Prob. 3CT
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