Concept explainers
In Example 4.4, compute the probability that the test incorrectly identifies the defects D1, D2, and D3; that is, compute
EXAMPLE 4.4
In the manufacture of circuit boards, there are three major types of defective boards. The types of defects, along with the percentage of all circuit boards having these defects, are (1) improper electrode coverage (D1), 2.8%; (2) plating separation (D2), 1.2%; and (3) etching problems (D3), 3.2%. A circuit board will contain at most one of the three defects. Defects can be detected with certainty using destructive testing of the finished circuit boards; however, this is not a very practical method for inspecting a large percentage of the circuit boards. A nondestructive inspection procedure has been developed that has the following outcomes: A1, which indicates the board has only defect D1; A2, which indicates the board has only defect D2; A3, which indicates the board has only defect D3; and A4, which indicates the board has no defects. The respective likelihoods for the four outcomes of the nondestructive test determined by evaluating a large number of boards known to have exactly one of the three types of defects are given in Table 4.5.
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An Introduction to Statistical Methods and Data Analysis
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