EBK BIOLOGY
4th Edition
ISBN: 8220102797376
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 40, Problem 5TY
Summary Introduction
Introduction: Water is the main component in the bodies of animals. Many solutes ions like Na+ and K+ are dissolved in the water of an animal’s body. Water and ions maintain the homeostasis of the organism.
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In a freshwater fish, a. water moves into the fish by osmosis.b. ions diffuse into the fish.c. urine has a high solute concentration.d. cells pump ions out of the fish.
Which of the following is NOT an ion homeostatically maintained in vertebrates?
a. Cl–
b. Na+
c. Ca2+
d. Fl–
Sharks live in marine (saltwater) habitats and are osmoconformers. Based on this information which of the following is/are true (select all that apply): A. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are isoosmotic relative to the environment B. Sharks have tissues/body fluids that are hypoosmotic relative to the environment C. Sharks devote considerable energy to osmoregulation D. Sharks do not devote much energy to osmoregulation
Chapter 40 Solutions
EBK BIOLOGY
Ch. 40.1 - All muscles produce movement, but only skeletal...Ch. 40.1 - Prob. 2CCCh. 40.1 - Prob. 1BCCh. 40.1 - Prob. 3CCCh. 40.2 - Prob. 1CCCh. 40.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 40.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 40.3 - Core Skill: Connections Can negative feedback...Ch. 40.3 - What similar feedforward process might occur in an...Ch. 40.3 - How is feedforward regulation beneficial to...
Ch. 40.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 40.3 - Prob. 3EQCh. 40 - Prob. 1TYCh. 40 - Structures composed of two or more tissue types...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3TYCh. 40 - From an examination of the structure of many...Ch. 40 - Prob. 5TYCh. 40 - The folds, convolutions, or extensions found in...Ch. 40 - Prob. 7TYCh. 40 - Prob. 8TYCh. 40 - Prob. 9TYCh. 40 - Prob. 10TYCh. 40 - Prob. 1CQCh. 40 - Define homeostasis, and give examples of...Ch. 40 - Prob. 3CQCh. 40 - Prob. 1COQCh. 40 - Discuss the organization of animal bodies from the...
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- The ultimate cause of death due to dehydration is a fluid/volume shift that causes structural changes to cells and cellular proteins. Which of the following correctly describes the steps that lead to this lethal fluid/volume shift? 50. A. Extracellular osm.pressure increases..which leads to an increase in total-body- water. Water then moves out of cells. B. A net water loss causes intracellular osm.-press. to decrease. Water then moves out of cells. C. A netwater loss causes extracellular osm.-press. to decrease; total-body-water increases and fluid moves out of cells. D. A net water loss causes total-body-water to decrease and extracellular osm-press to increase. Water then moves down its' concentration gradient (out of cells) into the extracellular space.arrow_forwardA change in ion (salt) concentrations in an animal’s body may result ina. altered membrane potentials that disrupt normal cell function.b. disruption of certain biochemical processes that occur in the cell.c. movement of water between fluid compartments.d. a and b only.e. a, b, and c.arrow_forwardWhich of the following best defines the force known as OsmoticPressure?A. The force that causes sodium to move into and out of cells.B. The force, produced by solutes, that causes water to moveacross/through a permeable membrane toward a compartmentpossessing a relatively higher solute concentration.C. The force responsible for causing blood gases to develop anequilibrium.D. The measurable force that water creates within a blood vessel;pushing out on the walls of the blood vessel and expanding thediameter of the blood vessel.arrow_forward
- The ultimate cause of death due to dehydration is a fluid/volume shift that causes structural changes to cells and cellular proteins. Which of the following correctly describes the steps that lead to this lethal fluid/volume shift? 39. A. Extracellular osm.pressure increases...which leads to an increase in total-body- water. Water then moves out of cells. B. A net water loss causes intracellular osm.-press. to decrease. Water then moves out of cells. C. A net water loss causes extracellular osm.-press. to decrease; total-body-water increases and fluid moves out of cells. D. A net water loss causes total-body-water to decrease and extracellular osm-press to increase. Water then moves down its' concentration gradient (out of cells) into the extracellular space. ongingarrow_forwardWhat processes occur in biological tissues when direct current is passed through them? Oa. ATP synthesis occurs. O b. The concentration of ions in tissue elements and in cells is kept constant, The breakdown of glucose occurs. O C. lons of tissue electrolytes move along the lines of force of the electric field; In tissue elements and in cells, the concentration of ions changes.arrow_forwardIncreasing the concentration of solutes increases osmotic potential, hence water potential decreases. A. Agree, because presence of solutes increses osmotic pressure and thus osmotic potential. C. Agree, because they just represent the same values. D. Disagree, because it is the decrease in water pressure that decreases osmotic potential. B. Disagree, because presence of solutes increases osmotic pressure which decreases osmotic potential.arrow_forward
- To keep the proper concentrations of water and solutes in their blood, freshwater bony fish must drinka. lots of water and excrete large volumes of urine that are hypotonic to body fluids.b. no water and excrete large volumes of urine that are hypotonic to body fluids.c. lots of water and excrete large volumes of urine that are isotonic to body fluids.d. no water and excrete large volumes of urine that are isotonic to body fluids.arrow_forwardSome aquatic organisms, when confronted with a changing external osmotic environment, allow the internal (but extracellular) fluid osmotic pressure to follow, or to "match," the external osmotic pressure as it changes. This organism would be classified as a(an) ... A. hyporegulator. B. osmoconformer. C. osmomanipulator. D. hyperregulator. E. osmoregulator.arrow_forwardFreshwater vertebrates ... A. are hyperosmotic regulators. B. produce large volumes of hypoosmotic urtine. C. maintain lower osmolalities of extracellular fluid (blood) compared with marine fishes in order to reduce osmotic water intake. D. are adapted to take in Na+, Cl– and Ca2+ by means of active transport across the gills and skin. E. ALl of the above answer choices correctly complete the sentence.arrow_forward
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