MCGRAW: CHEMISTRY THE MOLECULAR NATURE
MCGRAW: CHEMISTRY THE MOLECULAR NATURE
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781264330430
Author: VALUE EDITION
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 4, Problem 4.19P

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Moles of ion released when 0.805mol of Rb2SO4 is dissolved in water are to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A solution is a combination of two parts: solute and solvent. A solute is the substance that is present in small quantity and solvent is the substance in which solute is dissolved. When water acts as a solvent then it is known as an aqueous solution.

Ionic compounds are the compounds that are composed of charged ions. They are held together by electrostatic forces. These compounds dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Rb2SO4 is an example of an ionic compound and dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. The dissociation reaction of Rb2SO4 is:

Rb2SO4(s)2Rb+(aq)+SO42(aq)

The expression to calculate the moles of ions is as follows:

moles ofion of compound(mol)=[(moles of compound(mol))(total moles of ion(mol)1mole of compound)]

(a)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4.19P

0.805mol of Rb2SO4 gives 2.42mol of ions in water.

Explanation of Solution

One mole of Rb2SO4 on dissociation produces two moles of Rb+ ion and one mole of SO42 ion. Hence, total three moles of ions are produced.

The expression to calculate the moles of ions of Rb2SO4 is as follows:

moles of ions of Rb2SO4(mol)=(moles of Rb2SO4(mol))(total moles of ions(mol)1mole of Rb2SO4)

Substitute 0.805mol for moles of Rb2SO4 and 3 mol for total moles of ion in the above equation as follows:

moles of ions of Rb2SO4(mol)=(0.805mol)(3 mol1mole of Rb2SO4)=2.42mol

Conclusion

One mole of Rb2SO4 on dissociation produces two moles of Rb+ ion and one mole of SO42 ion. 0.805mol of Rb2SO4 gives 2.42mol of ions in water.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Moles of ion released when 3.85×103g of Ca(NO3)2 is dissolved in water is to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A solution is a combination of two parts: solute and solvent. A solute is the substance that is present in small quantity and solvent is the substance in which solute is dissolved. When water acts as a solvent then it is known as an aqueous solution.

Ionic compounds are the compounds that are composed of charged ions. They are held together by electrostatic forces. These compounds dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Ca(NO3)2 is an example of an ionic compound and dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. The dissociation reaction of Ca(NO3)2 is:

Ca(NO3)2(s)Ca2+(aq)+2NO3(aq)

The expression to calculate the moles of ions in a compound is as follows:

moles of ions in compound(mol)=[(given mass of compound(g))(1 mole of compoundmolecular mass of compound(g))(total moles of ion(mol)1mole of compound)]

(b)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4.19P

3.85×103g of Ca(NO3)2 gives 7.0×105mol of ions in water.

Explanation of Solution

One mole of Ca(NO3)2 on dissociation produces one mole of Ca2+ ion and two moles of NO3 ion. Hence, total three moles of ions are produced.

The molecular mass of Ca(NO3)2 is 164.10g/mol.

The expression to calculate the moles of ions in Ca(NO3)2 is as follows:

moles of ions in Ca(NO3)2(mol)=[(given mass of Ca(NO3)2(g))(1 mole of Ca(NO3)2molecular mass of Ca(NO3)2(g))(total moles of ion(mol)1mole of Ca(NO3)2)]

Substitute 3.85×103g for given mass of Ca(NO3)2, 164.10g/mol for the molecular mass of Ca(NO3)2 and 3mol for total moles of ion in the above equation as follows:

moles of Ca(NO3)2(mol)=[(3.85×103g)(1 mole of Ca(NO3)2164.10g)(3mol1mole of Ca(NO3)2)]=7.038×105mol7.0×105mol

Conclusion

One mole of Ca(NO3)2 on dissociation produces one mole of Ca2+ ion and two moles of NO3 ion. 3.85×103g of Ca(NO3)2 gives 7.0×105mol of ions in water.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Moles of ion released when 4.03×1019 formula unit of Sr(HCO3)2 is dissolved in water are to be calculated.

Concept introduction:

A solution is a combination of two parts: solute and solvent. A solute is the substance that is present in small quantity and solvent is the substance in which solute is dissolved. When water acts as a solvent then it is known as an aqueous solution.

Ionic compounds are the compounds that are composed of charged ions. They are held together by electrostatic forces. These compounds dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. Sr(HCO3)2 is an example of an ionic compound and dissociate into ions when dissolved in water. The dissociation reaction of Sr(HCO3)2 is:

Sr(HCO3)2(s)Sr2+(aq)+2HCO3(aq)

A formula unit is used for the ionic compound to represent their empirical formula. The expression to calculate the moles of ions in a compound is as follows:

moles of ions in a compound(mol)=[(given formula unit of compound(FU))(1 mole of compound6.022×1023FU)(total moles of ion(mol)1mole of compound)]

(c)

Expert Solution
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 4.19P

4.03×1019 formula unit of Sr(HCO3)2 gives 2.01×104mol of ions in water.

Explanation of Solution

One mole of Sr(HCO3)2 on dissociation produces one mole of Sr2+ ion and two moles of HCO3 ion. Hence, total three moles of ions are produced.

The expression to calculate the moles of ions in Sr(HCO3)2 is as follows:

moles of ions in Sr(HCO3)2(mol)=[(given formula unit of Sr(HCO3)2(FU))(1 mole of Sr(HCO3)26.022×1023FU)(total moles of ion(mol)1mole of Sr(HCO3)2)]

Substitute 4.03×1019 formula unit for given formula unit of Sr(HCO3)2 and 3mol for total moles of ion in the above equation as follows:

moles of ions in Sr(HCO3)2(mol)=[(4.03×1019FU)(1 mole of Sr(HCO3)26.022×1023FU)(3 mol1mole of Sr(HCO3)2)]=2.007×104mol2.01×104mol

Conclusion

One mole of Sr(HCO3)2 on dissociation produces one mole of Sr2+ ion and two moles of HCO3 ion and 4.03×1019 formula unit of Sr(HCO3)2 gives 2.01×104mol of ions in water.

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Chapter 4 Solutions

MCGRAW: CHEMISTRY THE MOLECULAR NATURE

Ch. 4.1 - A chemist dilutes 60.0 mL of 4.50 M potassium...Ch. 4.1 - Prob. 4.6BFPCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4.7AFPCh. 4.1 - Prob. 4.7BFPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.8AFPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.8BFPCh. 4.3 - Prob. 4.9AFPCh. 4.3 - Molecular views of the reactant solutions for a...Ch. 4.3 - It is desirable to remove calcium ion from hard...Ch. 4.3 - To lift fingerprints from a crime scene, a...Ch. 4.3 - Despite the toxicity of lead, many of its...Ch. 4.3 - Mercury and its compounds have uses from fillings...Ch. 4.4 - How many OH−(aq) ions are present in 451 mL of...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.12BFPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4.13AFPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4.13BFPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4.14AFPCh. 4.4 - Prob. 4.14BFPCh. 4.4 - Another active ingredient in some antacids is...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.15BFPCh. 4.4 - What volume of 0.1292 M Ba(OH)2 would neutralize...Ch. 4.4 - Calculate the molarity of a solution of KOH if...Ch. 4.5 - Prob. 4.17AFPCh. 4.5 - Prob. 4.17BFPCh. 4.5 - Prob. 4.18AFPCh. 4.5 - Prob. 4.18BFPCh. 4.5 - Prob. 4.19AFPCh. 4.5 - Prob. 4.19BFPCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.20AFPCh. 4.6 - Prob. 4.20BFPCh. 4 - Prob. 4.1PCh. 4 - What types of substances are most likely to be...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.3PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.4PCh. 4 - Which of the following scenes best represents how...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.6PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.7PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.8PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.9PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.10PCh. 4 - A mathematical equation useful for dilution...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.12PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.13PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.14PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.15PCh. 4 - Does an aqueous solution of each of the following...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.17PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.18PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.19PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.20PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.21PCh. 4 - Calculate each of the following quantities: Mass...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.23PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.24PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.25PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.26PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.27PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.28PCh. 4 - Calculate each of the following quantities: Volume...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.30PCh. 4 - Concentrated sulfuric acid (18.3 M) has a density...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.32PCh. 4 - Muriatic acid, an industrial grade of concentrated...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.34PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.35PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.36PCh. 4 - Write two sets of equations (both molecular and...Ch. 4 - Why do some pairs of ions precipitate and others...Ch. 4 - Use Table 4.1 to determine which of the following...Ch. 4 - The beakers represent the aqueous reaction of...Ch. 4 - Complete the following precipitation reactions...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.42PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.43PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.44PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.45PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.46PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.47PCh. 4 - If 25.0 mL of silver nitrate solution reacts with...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.49PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.50PCh. 4 - With ions shown as spheres and solvent molecules...Ch. 4 - The precipitation reaction between 25.0 mL of a...Ch. 4 - A 1.50-g sample of an unknown alkali-metal...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.54PCh. 4 - The mass percent of Cl− in a seawater sample is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.56PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.57PCh. 4 - Write a general equation for a neutralization...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.59PCh. 4 - (a) Name three common weak acids. (b) Name one...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.61PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.62PCh. 4 - How many moles of H+ ions are present in each of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.64PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.65PCh. 4 - Complete the following acid-base reactions with...Ch. 4 - Limestone (calcium carbonate) is insoluble in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.68PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.69PCh. 4 - How many grams of NaH2PO4 are needed to react with...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.71PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.72PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.73PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.74PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.75PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.76PCh. 4 - A mixture of bases can sometimes be the active...Ch. 4 - Describe how to determine the oxidation number of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.79PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.80PCh. 4 - Why must every redox reaction involve an oxidizing...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.82PCh. 4 - Identify the oxidizing agent and the reducing...Ch. 4 - Give the oxidation number of carbon in each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.85PCh. 4 - Give the oxidation number of nitrogen in each of...Ch. 4 - Give the oxidation number of sulfur in each of the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.88PCh. 4 - Give the oxidation number of phosphorus in each of...Ch. 4 - Give the oxidation number of manganese in each of...Ch. 4 - Give the oxidation number of chromium in each of...Ch. 4 - Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in the...Ch. 4 - Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in the...Ch. 4 - Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in the...Ch. 4 - Identify the oxidizing and reducing agents in the...Ch. 4 - The active agent in many hair bleaches is hydrogen...Ch. 4 - A person’s blood alcohol (C2H5OH) level can be...Ch. 4 - Which type of redox reaction leads to each of the...Ch. 4 - Why do decomposition redox reactions typically...Ch. 4 - Which of the types of reactions discussed in...Ch. 4 - Are all combustion reactions redox reactions?...Ch. 4 - Give one example of a combination reaction that is...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.103PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.104PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.105PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.106PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.107PCh. 4 - Predict the product(s) and write a balanced...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.109PCh. 4 - Predict the product(s) and write a balanced...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.111PCh. 4 - Predict the product(s) and write a balanced...Ch. 4 - How many grams of O2 can be prepared from the...Ch. 4 - How many grams of chlorine gas can be produced...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.115PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.116PCh. 4 - A mixture of KClO3 and KCl with a mass of 0.950 g...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.118PCh. 4 - Before arc welding was developed, a displacement...Ch. 4 - Iron reacts rapidly with chlorine gas to form a...Ch. 4 - A sample of impure magnesium was analyzed by...Ch. 4 - Why is the equilibrium state said to be...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.123PCh. 4 - Describe what happens on the molecular level when...Ch. 4 - When either a mixture of NO and Br2 or pure...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.126PCh. 4 - Nutritional biochemists have known for decades...Ch. 4 - Limestone (CaCO3) is used to remove acidic...Ch. 4 - The brewing industry uses yeast to convert glucose...Ch. 4 - A chemical engineer determines the mass percent of...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.131PCh. 4 - You are given solutions of HCl and NaOH and must...Ch. 4 - The flask represents the products of the titration...Ch. 4 - To find the mass percent of dolomite [CaMg(CO3)2]...Ch. 4 - On a lab exam, you have to find the concentrations...Ch. 4 - Nitric acid, a major industrial and laboratory...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.137PCh. 4 - In 1995, Mario Molina, Paul Crutzen, and F....Ch. 4 - Sodium peroxide (Na2O2) is often used in...Ch. 4 - A student forgets to weigh a mixture of sodium...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.141PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.142PCh. 4 - Physicians who specialize in sports medicine...Ch. 4 - Thyroxine (C15H11I4NO4) is a hormone synthesized...Ch. 4 - Over time, as their free fatty acid (FFA) content...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.146PCh. 4 - Calcium dihydrogen phosphate, Ca(H2PO4)2, and...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.148PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.149PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.150PCh. 4 - In 1997 and 2009, at United Nations conferences on...Ch. 4 - In a car engine, gasoline (represented by C8H18)...Ch. 4 - Prob. 4.153PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.154PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.155PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.156PCh. 4 - Prob. 4.157P
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