Problem 1RCQ: What did Newton discover about gravity? Problem 2RCQ: In what sense does the Moon fall? Problem 3RCQ: State Newtons law of universal gravitation in words. Then express it in one equation. Problem 4RCQ: What is the magnitude of gravitational force between two 1-kg bodies that are 1 m apart? Problem 5RCQ: What is the magnitude of the gravitational force between Earth and a 1-kg body at its surface? Problem 6RCQ: How does the force of gravity between two bodies change when the distance between them is tripled? Problem 7RCQ Problem 8RCQ: Would the springs inside a bathroom scale be more compressed or less compressed if you weighed... Problem 9RCQ: Would the springs inside a bathroom scale be more compressed or less compressed if you weighed... Problem 10RCQ: Explain why occupants of the international Space Station are firmly in the grip of Earth's gravity,... Problem 11RCQ: Under what conditions is your weight equal to mg? Problem 12RCQ: What was the cause of perturbations discovered in the orbit of planet Uranus? Problem 13RCQ: The perturbations of Uranus led to what greater discovery? Problem 14RCQ: What is the status of Pluto in the family of planets? Problem 15RCQ: Which is thought to be more prevalent in the universe, dark matter or dark energy? Problem 16RCQ: A stone is thrown upward at an angle. Neglecting air resistance, what happens to the horizontal... Problem 17RCQ: A stone is thrown upward at an angle. Neglecting air resistance, what happens to the vertical... Problem 18RCQ: A projectile is launched upward at an angle of 75 from the horizontal and strikes the ground a... Problem 19RCQ: A projectile is launched vertically at 100 m/s. If air resistance can be neglected, at what speed... Problem 20RCQ: What connection does Earth's curvature have with the speed needed for a projectile to orbit Earth? Problem 21RCQ: Why is it important that a satellite remain above Earths atmosphere? Problem 22RCQ: When a satellite is above Earths atmosphere, is it beyond the pull of Earth's gravity? Defend your... Problem 23RCQ: If a satellite were beyond Earths gravity, what path would it follow? Problem 24RCQ: Why doesnt the force of gravity change the speed of a bowling ball as it rolls along a bowling lane? Problem 25RCQ: Why doesnt the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite in circular orbit? Problem 26RCQ: Is the period longer or shorter for orbits of greater altitude? Problem 27RCQ: Why does the force of gravity change the speed of a satellite in an elliptical orbit? Problem 28RCQ Problem 29RCQ Problem 30RCQ: A space vehicle can outrun Earth's gravity, but can it get entirely beyond Earth's gravity? Problem 36PAC: F=Gm1m2d2 Using the formula for gravity, show that the force of gravity on a 1-kg mass at Earths... Problem 37PAC: F=Gm1m2d2 Calculate the force of gravity on the same 1-kg mass if it were 6.4 106 m above Earths... Problem 38PAC: F=Gm1m2d2 Show that the average force of gravity between Earth (mass = 6.0 1024 kg) and the Moon... Problem 39PAC: F=Gm1m2d2 Show that the force of gravity between Earth (mass = 6.0 1024 kg) and the Sun (mass = 2.0... Problem 40PAC: F=Gm1m2d2 Show that the force of gravity between a newborn baby (mass = 3.0 kg) and planet Mars... Problem 41PAC: F=Gm1m2d2 Calculate the force of gravity between a newborn baby of mass 3.0 kg and the obstetrician... Problem 42TAS: Suppose you stood atop a ladder that was so tall that you were three times as far from Earths center... Problem 43TAS: Show that the gravitational force between two planets is quadrupled if the masses of both planets... Problem 44TAS: Show that there is no change in the force of gravity between two objects when their masses are... Problem 45TAS: Find the change in the force of gravity between two planets when their distance apart is decreased... Problem 46TAS: Consider a pair of planets in which the distance between them is decreased by a factor of 5. Show... Problem 47TAS: Many people mistakenly believe that the astronauts who orbit Earth are above gravity. Earths mass is... Problem 48TAS: Newtons universal law of gravity tells us that F=Gm1m2x2. Newtons second law tells us that a=Fmnm.... Problem 49TAS: An airplane is flying horizontally with speed 1000 km/h (280 m/s) when an engine falls off.... Problem 50TAS: A ball is thrown horizontally from a cliff at a speed of 10 m/s. Show that its speed one second... Problem 51TAS: A satellite at a particular point along an elliptical orbit has a gravitational potential energy of... Problem 52TAS: A rock thrown horizontally from a bridge hits the water below. The rock travels a smooth parabolic... Problem 53TAS: A baseball is tossed at a steep angle into the air and makes a smooth parabolic path. Its time in... Problem 54TAS: A penny on its side moving at speed v slides off the horizontal surface of a table a vertical... Problem 55TAS: Students in a lab measure the speed of a steel ball launched horizontally from a tabletop to be v.... Problem 56TAR: The planet and its moon gravitationally attract each other. Rank, from greatest to least, the force... Problem 57TAR: Consider the light of multiple candle flames, each of the same brightness. Rank, from brightest to... Problem 58TAR: Rank, from greatest to least, the average gravitational forces between: (a) The Sun anti Mars, (b)... Problem 59TAR: A ball is tossed off the edge of a cliff with the same speed, but at different angles as shown.... Problem 60TAR: The dashed lines show three circular orbits about Earth. Rank the following quantities from greatest... Problem 61TAR: The positions of a satellite in elliptical orbit are indicated. Rank the following quantities from... Problem 62E: What would be the path of the Moon if somehow all gravitational acting forces on it sank to zero? Problem 63E: Is the gravitational force greater on a 1-kg piece of iron or on a 1-kg piece of glass? Defend your... Problem 64E: Consider a space pod somewhere between Earth and the Moon, at just the right distance so that... Problem 65E: An astronaut lands on a planet that has the same mass as Earth but half' the diameter. How does the... Problem 66E: An astronaut lands on a planet that has the same mass as Earth and twice the diameter. How does the... Problem 67E: If Earth somehow expanded to a larger radius, with no change in mass, how would your weight be... Problem 68E: How would the force between a planet and its moon change if its moon were boosted to twice its... Problem 69E: Phil work on the 15th floor of an office building, and his wife Jean works on the 30th floor, which... Problem 70E: In 2013, Curiosity landed on the surface of Mars. Does the weight of Curiosity vary if it makes its... Problem 71E: Earth is not exactly a sphere but, rather, bulges outward at the equator. How does this bulge affect... Problem 72E: A small light source located 1 m in front of a 1-m2 opening illuminates a wall behind. If the wall... Problem 73E Problem 74E: Why do the passengers in high-altitude jet planes feel the sensation of weight, while passengers in... Problem 75E: To begin your wingsuit flight, you step off the edge of a high cliff. Why are you then momentarily... Problem 76E: In synchronized diving, divers remain in the air for the same time. With no air resistance, they... Problem 77E: What two forces act on you while you are in a moving elevator? When are these forces of equal... Problem 78E: If you were in a freely falling elevator and you dropped a pencil, it would hover in front of you.... Problem 79E: In the 2014 Rosetta mission, a probe from Earth landed on a comet of very low mass. If the probe had... Problem 80E: How does the size of Pluto compare with that of planets in the solar system? Problem 81E: Elements beyond the naturally occurring elements that have been discovered that are named Neptunium... Problem 82E: Earth and the Moon are gravitationally attracted to the Sun, but they dont crash into the Sun. A... Problem 83E: Chuck Stone releases a ball near the top of a track and measures the balls speed as it rolls... Problem 84E: In the absence of air resistance, why does the horizontal component of a projectiles motion not... Problem 85E: At what point in its trajectory does a batted baseball have its minimum speed? If air resistance can... Problem 86E: A heavy crate accidentally falls from a high-flying airplane just as it flies directly above Mikes... Problem 87E: Two golfers each hit a ball at the same speed, but one hits it at 60 with the horizontal and die... Problem 88E: When you jump upward, your hang time is the time your feet are off the ground. Does hang time depend... Problem 89E: The hang time of a basketball player who jumps a vertical distance of 2 feet (0.6 m) is about 0.6 s.... Problem 90E: If youve had the good fortune to witness the launching of an Earth satellite, you may have noticed... Problem 91E: Newton knew that if a cannonball were fired from a tall mountain, gravity would change its speed all... Problem 92E: Satellites are normally seat into orbit by firing them in an easterly direction, the direction in... Problem 93E: Hawaii presents the most efficient launching site in the United States for nonpolar satellites. Why... Problem 94E: Does the speed of a falling object depend on its mass? (Recall the answer to this question in... Problem 95E Problem 96E: What is the shape of the orbit when the velocity of the satellite is everywhere perpendicular to the... Problem 97E: If a flight mechanic drops a box of tools from a highflying jumbo jet, it crashes to Earth. If an... Problem 98E: How could an astronaut in a space vehicle drop an object vertically to Earth? Problem 99E: If you stopped an Earth satellite dead in its tracksthat is, if you reduced its tangential velocity... Problem 100E Problem 101E: At what point in Earths elliptical orbit about the Sun is the acceleration of Earth toward the Sun a... Problem 102E: The force of gravity on an Earth satellite in circular orbit remains constant at all points along... Problem 103E: Earth is farthest away from the Sun in July and closest in January. In which of these two months is... Problem 104E: In the 2014 Rosetta mission, when a probe from Earth landed on the low-mass comet, the probe... Problem 105E: An object tossed vertically will reach a maximum height. An object dropped from that same height... Problem 106DQ: Comment on whether or not the following label on a consumer product should be cause for concern.... Problem 107DQ: Newton tells us that gravitational force acts on all bodies in proportion to their masses. Why,... Problem 108DQ: "Okay," a friend says, "gravitational force is proportional to mass. Is gravitation then stronger on... Problem 109DQ: An apple falls because of its gravitational attraction to Earth. How does the gravitational... Problem 110DQ: Jupiter is more than 300 times as massive as Earth, so it might seem that a body on the surface of... Problem 111DQ: When will the gravitational force between you and the Sun be greater: today at noon or tomorrow at... Problem 112DQ: Explain why the following reasoning is wrong. "The Sun attracts all bodies on Earth. At midnight,... Problem 113DQ: Some people dismiss the validity of scientific theories by saying they are "only" theories. The law... Problem 114DQ: Shruti Kumar projects a ball at an angle of 30 above the horizontal. Which component of initial... Problem 115DQ: A friend claims that bullets fired by some high-powered rifles travel for many meters in a... Problem 116DQ: A park ranger shoots a monkey hanging from a branch of a tree with a tranquilizing dart. The ranger... Problem 117DQ: Which requires more fuel: a rocket going from Earth to the Moon or a rocket returning from the Moon... Problem 118DQ: Two facts: A freely falling object at Earth's surface drops vertically 5 m in 1 s. Earth's curvature... Problem 119DQ: A new member of your discussion group says that, because Earth's gravity is so much stronger than... Problem 120DQ: A friend says that astronauts inside the International Space Station (ISS) are weightless because... Problem 121DQ: Another new member of your discussion group says the primary reason why astronauts in orbit feel... Problem 122DQ: Occupants inside future donut-shaped rotating habitats in space will be pressed to their floors by... Problem 123DQ: A satellite can orbit at 5 km above the Moon's surface, but not at 5 km above Earth's surface. Why? Problem 124DQ: As part of their training before going into orbit, astronauts experience weightlessness when riding... Problem 125DQ Problem 126DQ: A communications satellite with a 24-h period hovers over a fixed point on Earth. Why is it placed... Problem 127DQ: This situation should elicit good discussion: In an accidental explosion, a satellite breaks in half... Problem 128DQ: (Here's a Chapter 2-type question): When the brake are applied on a vehicle moving to the right, the... Problem 129DQ: (Here's a Chapter 4-type question): The first stage of each Space X rocket that services the ISS no... Problem 130DQ: Here's a situation to challenge you and your friends: A rocket coasts in an elliptical orbit around... Problem 1RAT: Choose the BEST way to complete the statement. 1. The Moon falls toward Earth in the sense that it... Problem 2RAT: The force of gravity between two planets depends on (a) their masses. (b) the square of the distance... Problem 3RAT: Inhabitants of the International Space Station ate weight-less because (a) very little (if any)... Problem 4RAT: A spacecraft on its way from Earth to the Moon is pulled equally by Earth and the Moon when it is... Problem 5RAT: Theoretically, a baseball tossed horizontally in a gravity-free region would continue in a straight... Problem 6RAT: When no air resistance acts on a projectile, its horizontal acceleration is (a) g (b) at right... Problem 7RAT: Without air resistance, a ball tossed at an angle of 40 with the horizontal goes as far downrange as... Problem 8RAT: When you toss a projectile sideways, it curves as it falls. It will become an Earth satellite if the... Problem 9RAT: A satellite in elliptical orbit about Earth travels fastest when it moves (a) closest to Earth. (b)... Problem 10RAT: A satellite in Earth orbit is mainly above Earth's (a) atmosphere. (b) gravitational field. (c) both... format_list_bulleted