Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
10th Edition
ISBN: 9781337399074
Author: John C. Kotz, Paul M. Treichel, John Townsend, David Treichel
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 4, Problem 137SCQ
Let us explore a reaction with a limiting reactant. Here, zinc metal is added to a flask containing aqueous HCl, and H2 gas is a product.
Zn(s) + 2 HCl(aq) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
The three flasks each contain 0.100 mol of HCl. Zinc is added to each flask in the following quantities.
When the reactants are combined, the H2 inflates the balloon attached to the flask. The results are as follows:
Flask 1: Balloon inflates completely, but some Zn remains when inflation ceases.
Flask 2: Balloon inflates completely. No Zn remains.
Flask 3: Balloon does not inflate completely. No Zn remains.
Explain these results. Perform calculations that support your explanation.
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Chapter 4 Solutions
Chemistry & Chemical Reactivity
Ch. 4.1 - What mass of oxygen, O2, is required to completely...Ch. 4.2 - The thermite reaction produces iron metal and...Ch. 4.4 - One method for determining the purity of a sample...Ch. 4.4 - A 0523-g sample of the unknown compound CxHy was...Ch. 4.4 - Prob. 4.5CYUCh. 4.5 - Sodium bicarbonate, NaHCO3, is used in baking...Ch. 4.5 - An experiment calls for you to use 250. mL of 1.00...Ch. 4.6 - (a) What is the pH of a solution of HCI in which...Ch. 4.7 - Prob. 4.9CYUCh. 4.8 - A 25.0-mL sample of vinegar (which contains the...
Ch. 4.8 - Hydrochloric acid. HCl, with a concentration of...Ch. 4.8 - An unknown monoprotic acid reacts with NaOH...Ch. 4.8 - Vitamin C, ascorbic acid (C6HgO6)(molar mass 176.1...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 4.14CYUCh. 4.9 - Prob. 1.1ACPCh. 4.9 - Excess KI is added to a 100.0-mL sample of a soft...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 3.1ACPCh. 4.9 - Identify the factor labeled 4 in the strategy...Ch. 4.9 - Identify the factor labeled 3 in this strategy...Ch. 4.9 - Prob. 4.3ACPCh. 4.9 - Prob. 4.4ACPCh. 4 - The reaction of iron(III) oxide with aluminum to...Ch. 4 - What mass of HCI, in grams, is required to react...Ch. 4 - Like many metals, aluminum reacts with a halogen...Ch. 4 - The balanced equation for the reduction of iron...Ch. 4 - Methane, CH4, burns in oxygen. (a) What are the...Ch. 4 - The formation of water-Insoluble silver chloride...Ch. 4 - The metals industry was a major source of air...Ch. 4 - Prob. 8PSCh. 4 - Chromium metal reacts with oxygen to give...Ch. 4 - Ethane, C2H6, burns in oxygen. (a) What are the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 11PSCh. 4 - Ammonia gas can be prepared by the reaction of a...Ch. 4 - The compound SF6 is made by burning sulfur in an...Ch. 4 - Disulfur dichloride, S2Cl2, is used to vulcanize...Ch. 4 - The reaction of methane and water is one way to...Ch. 4 - Aluminum chloride AlCl3, is made by treating scrap...Ch. 4 - In the thermite reaction, iron(III) oxide is...Ch. 4 - Aspirin, C6H4 (OCOCH3) CO3H, is produced by the...Ch. 4 - In Example 4.2, you found that a particular...Ch. 4 - Ammonia gas can be prepared by the following...Ch. 4 - The deep blue compound Cu(NH3)4S04 is made by the...Ch. 4 - Black smokers are found in the depths of the...Ch. 4 - The reaction of methane and water is one way to...Ch. 4 - Methanol, CH3OH, can be prepared from carbon...Ch. 4 - A mixture of CuSO4 and CuSO4.5 H2O has a mass of...Ch. 4 - A 2.634-g sample containing impure CuCl2 2 H2O was...Ch. 4 - Prob. 27PSCh. 4 - Prob. 28PSCh. 4 - Nickel(II) sulfide, NiS, occurs naturally as the...Ch. 4 - The aluminum in a 0.764-g sample of an unknown...Ch. 4 - Prob. 31PSCh. 4 - Mesitylene is a liquid hydrocarbon Burning 0.115 g...Ch. 4 - Naphthalene is a hydrocarbon that once was used in...Ch. 4 - Azulene is a beautiful blue hydrocarbon. If 0.106...Ch. 4 - An unknown compound has the formula CxHyOz. You...Ch. 4 - An unknown compound has the formula CxHyOz. You...Ch. 4 - Nickel forms a compound with carbon monoxide,...Ch. 4 - To find the formula of a compound composed of iron...Ch. 4 - If 6.73 g of Na2CO3 is dissolved in enough water...Ch. 4 - Some potassium dichromate (K2Cr2O7), 2.335 g, is...Ch. 4 - What is the mass of solute, in grams, in 250, mL...Ch. 4 - Prob. 42PSCh. 4 - What volume of 0123 M NaOH, in milliliters,...Ch. 4 - What volume of 2.06 M KMnO4, in liters, contains...Ch. 4 - Identify the ions that exist in each aqueous...Ch. 4 - Identify the ions that exist in each aqueous...Ch. 4 - An experiment in your laboratory requires 500. mL...Ch. 4 - What mass of oxalic acid, H2C2O4, is required to...Ch. 4 - If you dilute 25.0 mL of 1.50 M hydrochloric acid...Ch. 4 - If 4.00 mL of 0.0250 M CuSO4 is diluted to 10.0 mL...Ch. 4 - Which of the following methods would you use to...Ch. 4 - Which of the following methods would you use to...Ch. 4 - You have 250. mL of 0.136 M HCl. 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What is the...Ch. 4 - A saturated solution of milk of magnesia, Mg(OH)2,...Ch. 4 - Prob. 57PSCh. 4 - Prob. 58PSCh. 4 - Prob. 59PSCh. 4 - Prob. 60PSCh. 4 - Prob. 61PSCh. 4 - What mass of Na2CO3, in grams, is required for...Ch. 4 - When an electric current is passed through an...Ch. 4 - Hydrazine, N2H4, a base like ammonia, can react...Ch. 4 - In the photographic developing process, silver...Ch. 4 - You can dissolve an aluminum soft drink can in an...Ch. 4 - What volume of 0.750 M Pb(NO3)2, in milliliters,...Ch. 4 - What volume of 0.125 M oxalic acid, H2C2O4, is...Ch. 4 - What volume of 0.812 M HCI, in milliliters, is...Ch. 4 - What volume of 0.955 M HCl, in milliliters, is...Ch. 4 - If 38.55 mL of HCI is required to titrate 2.150 g...Ch. 4 - Potassium hydrogen phthalate, KHCgH4O4, is used to...Ch. 4 - You have 0.954 g of an unknown acid, H2A, which...Ch. 4 - An unknown solid acid is either citric acid or...Ch. 4 - To analyze an iron-containing compound, you...Ch. 4 - Vitamin C has the formula C6H8O6. Besides being an...Ch. 4 - Prob. 77PSCh. 4 - Suppose 16.04 g of benzene, C6H6, is burned in...Ch. 4 - The metabolic disorder diabetes causes a buildup...Ch. 4 - Your body deals with excess nitrogen by excreting...Ch. 4 - The reaction of iron metal and chlorine gas to...Ch. 4 - Prob. 83GQCh. 4 - The reaction of 750. g each of NH3 and O2 was...Ch. 4 - Sodium azide, an explosive chemical used in...Ch. 4 - Prob. 86GQCh. 4 - Prob. 87GQCh. 4 - Prob. 88GQCh. 4 - Prob. 89GQCh. 4 - A Menthol, from oil of mint, has a characteristic...Ch. 4 - Benzoquinone, a chemical used in the dye industry...Ch. 4 - Aqueous solutions of iron(II) chloride and sodium...Ch. 4 - Sulfuric acid can be prepared starting with the...Ch. 4 - Prob. 94GQCh. 4 - An unknown metal reacts with oxygen to give the...Ch. 4 - Titanium(IV) oxide, TiO2, is heated in hydrogen...Ch. 4 - Potassium perchlorate is prepared by the following...Ch. 4 - A Commercial sodium "hydrosulfite" is 90.1%...Ch. 4 - What mass of lime, CaO, can be obtained by heating...Ch. 4 - The elements silver, molybdenum, and sulfur...Ch. 4 - A mixture of butene, C4Hg, and butane, is burned...Ch. 4 - Cloth can be waterproofed by coating it with a...Ch. 4 - Copper metal can be prepared by roasting copper...Ch. 4 - Prob. 104GQCh. 4 - Sodium bicarbonate and acetic acid react according...Ch. 4 - A noncarbonated soft drink contains an unknown...Ch. 4 - Sodium thiosulfate, Na2S2O3, is used as a fixer in...Ch. 4 - You have a mixture of oxalic acid, H2C2O4, and...Ch. 4 - (a) What is the pH of a 0.105 M HCl solution? 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