Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780133923001
Author: Gerald Audesirk, Teresa Audesirk, Bruce E. Byers
Publisher: PEARSON
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Question
Chapter 37.9, Problem 1CSR
Summary Introduction
To explain:
The way in which the medical community should balance the benefits of antibiotic treatment for individuals against the overall risk to society of increased antibiotic resistance among bacteria.
Introduction:
Antibiotic is a chemical substance which inhibits the growth of microorganism, or kill them. Antibiotic are produced by different species of living microorganism, and they do not show any effect on the virus.
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solutionStudents have asked these similar questions
Which of the following is NOT true of bacterial exotoxins?
1. Important in the pathogenesis of many human diseases
2. Their toxic effect can be systemic, affecting cells distant from the primary site of infection
3. None of the other four answers (All are true of bacterial exotoxins)
4. Different exotoxins may affect different types of cells (e.g., nerves, gastrointestinal mucosa)
5. Some exotoxins have two components, A (active) and B (binding)
Resistance to antimicrobial agents is more commonly seen in hospital-acquired infections with enteric bacteria than in community-based infections with the same species. Explain why this is so.
The question below is one question I just separated the question marks
1) How are antibiotics, as a class of drugs, unique?
2)How does this facilitate resistance?
3)How are antibiotics misused?
Chapter 37 Solutions
Biology: Life on Earth with Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 37.1 - compare and contrast the terms microbe and...Ch. 37.1 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.2 - If phagocytes kill most species of bacteria that...Ch. 37.2 - describe the external barriers to Infection,...Ch. 37.2 - Prob. 1TCCh. 37.2 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.3 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.3 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.4 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.4 - Prob. 2CYL
Ch. 37.4 - Prob. 3CYLCh. 37.5 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.5 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.6 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.6 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.7 - explain how antibiotics, antiviral drugs, and...Ch. 37.7 - Prob. 1ETCh. 37.7 - Prob. 1HYEWCh. 37.7 - Prob. 1TCCh. 37.7 - Prob. 2CYLCh. 37.8 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.8 - What might be the evolutionary advantage of...Ch. 37.9 - Prob. 1CSRCh. 37.9 - Prob. 1CTCh. 37.9 - Prob. 1CYLCh. 37.9 - describe current medical treatments against...Ch. 37 - Why is it essential that antibodies and T-cell...Ch. 37 - External defenses against microbial invasion...Ch. 37 - Prob. 1MCCh. 37 - Prob. 1RQCh. 37 - Prob. 2ACCh. 37 - Prob. 2FIBCh. 37 - Prob. 2MCCh. 37 - Prob. 2RQCh. 37 - Prob. 3FIBCh. 37 - Molecules that label your cells as self are a....Ch. 37 - Describe humoral immunity and cell-mediated...Ch. 37 - Prob. 4FIBCh. 37 - Prob. 4MCCh. 37 - Prob. 4RQCh. 37 - Prob. 5FIBCh. 37 - The immune system usually does not attack your...Ch. 37 - Prob. 5RQCh. 37 - Prob. 6FIBCh. 37 - Prob. 6RQCh. 37 - What are memory cells? How do they contribute to...Ch. 37 - Prob. 8RQCh. 37 - Prob. 9RQCh. 37 - Prob. 10RQCh. 37 - Prob. 11RQ
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- The intestinal epithelium produces a variety of antimicrobial peptides that play a crucial role in establishing the balance of commensal organisms versus pathogens constituting the healthy host microbiota. Studies have found that, in Crohn's disease, individuals have dysbiosis, a condition in which there is disruption of the normal composition of the host microbiota. It is, therefore, not surprising that several cases of Crohn's disease have been linked to: Reduced recruitment of neutrophils to the intestinal mucosa O Increased IL-10 secretion by intestinal macrophages O Reduced production of IL-1-3 in response to microbial antigens O Defects in production of antimicrobial peptides in Paneth cells O Reduced number of Th17 cells in the lamina propriaarrow_forwardDifferent strains of Streptococcus pyogenes have different virulence factors, giving these microbes much versatility. Virulence factors include which of the following? Choose one or more: A.A capsule that, when thick, will help the organism avoid phagocytosis by macrophages B.A cell wall containing lipoteichoic acid, thought to facilitate adherence to pharyngeal epithelial cells C.Enzymes that lyse blood cells (streptolysins) D.The production of several endotoxins called streptococcal pyogenic endotoxins (SPEs)arrow_forwardAssume you work at the local hospital in your home town. Suddenly you notice that 10% of your patients are having serious staphylococcal infections. None of these patients were admitted for having a staphylococcal infection, and we assume that all standard infectious control procedures are being followed (hand washing, use of gloves and masks, etc.). Remember that a small percentage of bacteria do evade even the most scrupulous of infectious disease control procedures. How could you use what you have learned in this week’s lab to solve the problem? How could you find out where the infection originated? What steps would you need to take? How could you determine definitively what organism is causing these patients’ infections? How could you determine how to treat these patients? Once you determine the source of the infection, what ethical issues, if any, are involved here? What should you do to protect the privacy and welfare of the patients as well as avoiding conduct that…arrow_forward
- Assume you work at the local hospital in your home town. Suddenly you notice that 10% of your patients are having serious staphylococcal infections. None of these patients were admitted for having a staphylococcal infection, and we assume that all standard infectious control procedures are being followed (hand washing, use of gloves and masks, etc.). Remember that a small percentage of bacteria do evade even the most scrupulous of infectious disease control procedures. How could you use what you have learned in this week’s laboratory to solve the problem? How could you find out where the infection originated? What steps would you need to take? How could you determine definitively what organism is causing these patients’ infections? How could you determine how to treat these patients? Once you determine the source of the infection, what ethical issues, if any, are involved here? What should you do to protect the privacy and welfare of the patients as well as avoiding conduct…arrow_forwardPropionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be part of the normal microbiome and beneficial but also be pathogenic?arrow_forwardThe World Health Organization (WHO, 2017) haslisted six steps individualscan take to prevent and control the spread of antibiotic resistance. a.One of the recommendations is “Never demand antibiotics if your health worker says you don’t need them.”Explain why when you have a flu, your health care worker would say that you do not need antibiotics. What are the other five recommendations?arrow_forward
- Functionally, normal microbiota is beneficial to it's host organism and on the other hand, it may cause harm, How does this normal microbiota cause harm? Explain briefly but acuratelyarrow_forward1.) Why is boiling water not a recommended sterilization method? 2.) List examples of transfusion-transmitted infections. How are these infections prevented?arrow_forwardMicrobes possess many different strategies to help them cause disease called virulence factors. Explain how two virulence factors work. For each virulence factor state the name of the mechanism, explain how it works and what advantage it gives the organism that helps it cause disease.arrow_forward
- Propionibacterium acnes is a normal member of the skin microbiome that benefits the body by lowering the skin's pH- an antimicrobial effect. However, P. acnes is also the leading cause of acne. Explain mechanistically how can a bacterium be normal and beneficial but also be pathogenic?arrow_forwardGive two examples of antibiotics that act on the following: cell wall synthesis disruption of cell membrane interferes protein synthesis prevents DNA/RNA replication Disruption of formation of metabolites like Folic Acidarrow_forwardWhy is transmission of cytomegalovirus (CMV) through blood components not a significant risk to most recipients? Question 10 options: a) Most recipients are CMV-positive. b) Most recipients are CMV-negative. c) The CMV cannot tolerate cold storage temperatures. d) None of the above.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
- Microbiology for Surgical Technologists (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781111306663Author:Margaret Rodriguez, Paul PricePublisher:Cengage Learning
Microbiology for Surgical Technologists (MindTap ...
Biology
ISBN:9781111306663
Author:Margaret Rodriguez, Paul Price
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Infectious Diseases - How do we control them?; Author: Let's Learn Public Health;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=2JWku3Kjpq0;License: Standard Youtube License