Conceptual Physics (12th Edition)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780321909107
Author: Paul G. Hewitt
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 36, Problem 19RCQ
Is Newtonian physics adequate to get a rocket to the Moon?
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Is Newtonian physics adequate to get a rocket to the Moon?
One way astrophysicists have identifi ed “extrasolar” planets orbiting distant stars is by observing redshifts or blueshifts in the star’s spectrum due to the fact that he star and planet each revolve around their common center of mass. Consider a star the size of our sun (mass 1.99 x 1030 kg), with a planet the size of Jupiter(1.90 x 1027 kg) in a circular orbit of radius 7.79 x 1011 m and a period of 11.9 years. (a) Find the speed of the star revolving around the system’s center of mass. (b) Assume that Earth is in the planet’s orbital plane, so that at one point in its orbit the star is moving directly toward Earth, and at the opposite point it moves directly away from Earth. How much is 550-nm light redshifted and blueshifted at those two extreme points?
Chapter 36 Solutions
Conceptual Physics (12th Edition)
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- Which of the following statements are fundamental postulates of the special theory of relativity? More than one statement may be correct. (a) Light moves through a substance called the ether. (b) The speed of light depends on the inertial reference frame in which it is measured. (c) The laws of physics depend on the inertial reference frame in which they are used. (d) The laws of physics are the same in all inertial reference frames. (e) The speed of light is independent of the inertial reference frame in which it is measured.arrow_forwardAn astronaut with a mass of 100 kg is traveling in a space station moving in an Earth orbit. (A) What is the speed of the space station? (b) What is the weight of the astronaut?arrow_forwardA probe of mass 100 kg is coasting through a dense gas cloud in deep space, where g = 0. There is drag from the gas cloud and it is modeled by the equation -0.38 v (N). If the probe entered the gas cloud with speed 1,047 m/s, how much time, in s, will it take for the probe's speed to be reduced to 14 percent of its initial velocity? (Please answer to the fourth decimal place)arrow_forward
- What feature of electrodynamics made Einstein to propose a special theory of relativity?arrow_forwardA planet is discovered orbiting a distant star. The mass of theplanet is 40 times the mass of the Earth, and its radius is one-tenththe Earth’s radius. If a 2400-kg rocket has an escape velocity v onthe Earth, how does the escape speed of a 1200-kg rocket on theplanet compare with v?arrow_forwardA probe of mass 100 kg is coasting through a dense gas cloud in deep space, where g = 0. There is drag from the gas cloud and it is modeled by the equation -0.6 v (N). If the probe entered the gas cloud with speed 1,555 m/s, how much time, in s, will it take for the probe's speed to be reduced to 15 percent of its initial velocity? (Please answer to the fourth decimal place - i.e 14.3225)arrow_forward
- (a) What is the change in energy of a 1000-kg payload taken from rest at the surface of Earth and placed at rest on the surface of the Moon? (b) What would be the answer if the payload were taken from the Moon’s surface to Earth? Is this a reasonable calculation of the energy needed to move a payload back and forth?arrow_forwardQuestion #7:arrow_forwardAn object of mass m is launched from a planet of mass M and radius R. a)Derive and enter an expression for the minimum launch speed needed for the object to escape gravity, i.e. to be able to just reach r = ∞. b)Calculate this minimum launch speed (called the escape speed), in meters per second, for a planet of mass M = 6 × 1023 kg and R = 76 × 104 km.arrow_forward
- Problem 7. Use Kepler's third law (and the reduced mass) to derive the time it will take two baseballs, initially at rest a meter apart in deep space, to hit each other due to gravitational attraction. The mass of a baseball is 145 grams. Ignore the diameter of the baseballs; i.e. assume they are point particles.arrow_forwardIf instead of a cannonball we were to launch a rocket, at what minimum speed will the rocket be able to escape Earth’s orbit?arrow_forwardwhat features of electrodynamics made einstein to propose special theory of relativity?arrow_forward
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