Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
15th Edition
ISBN: 9781337408332
Author: Cecie Starr, Ralph Taggart, Christine Evers, Lisa Starr
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Textbook Question
Chapter 34, Problem 2CT
A diabetic who injects too much insulin can lose consciousness. Explain how injecting excess insulin can impair brain function. Explain also why an injection of glucagon can restore normal function.
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A client with T2DM is admitted to the medical unit with pneumonia. The client’s oral antidiabetic medication has been discontinued and the patient is now receiving insulin for glucose control. Which of the following statements best explains the rationale for this change in medication?
Question 73 options:
a)
Insulin administration will help prevent hypoglycemia during the illness
b)
Acute illnesses like pneumonia will cause increased insulin resistance
c)
Infection has compromised beta cell function so the client will need insulin from now on
d)
Stress-related conditions such as infections induce a hypermetabolic state
Describe the steps to follow when injecting insulin using an insulin pen.
Name the hormone rersponsible for maintaining glucose level in the blood.
Chapter 34 Solutions
Biology: The Unity and Diversity of Life (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 34 - Prob. 1DAACh. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Effect of BPA on Insulin Secretion Bisphenol A...Ch. 34 - Prob. 1SQCh. 34 - A ________ is synthesized from cholesterol and can...Ch. 34 - Match each pituitary hormone with its target. ____...Ch. 34 - Releasing hormones secreted by the hypothalamus...Ch. 34 - Prob. 5SQCh. 34 - Low blood calcium triggers secretion by ________....
Ch. 34 - _______ lowers blood sugar levels; ________ raises...Ch. 34 - Prob. 8SQCh. 34 - The ________ has both endocrine and exocrine...Ch. 34 - Prob. 10SQCh. 34 - Secretion of _______ suppresses immune responses....Ch. 34 - Prob. 12SQCh. 34 - Which of the following is not a steroid hormone?...Ch. 34 - True or false? All hormones secreted by arthropods...Ch. 34 - Match the term listed at left with the most...Ch. 34 - Women who have been blind since birth almost never...Ch. 34 - A diabetic who injects too much insulin can lose...Ch. 34 - Endocrine disruptors can interfere with biological...Ch. 34 - An arctic hares coat color changes from white to...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Describe the mechanism of action of insulin. Based on the MOA, when would insulin be contraindicated?arrow_forwardIdentify: The mechanism of action for insulin The types of insulin The peak time for each insulin When each insulin is prescribedarrow_forwardIn the initial stages of the disease, type 2 diabetes is treated with Metformin only, and insulin is not needed. In later years, insulin treatment is often needed. Please help explain the progression of the disease, describing the initial role of Metformin as a drug, and the eventual need for insulin.arrow_forward
- The hormones insulin and glucagon play an important role in the regulation of plasma glucose. b) People with Type II diabetes mellitus can manage their condition (maintain adequate glycaemic control) through use of oral hypoglycaemic drugs. Provide a rationale for how two hypoglycaemic drugs, with different mechanisms of action, can both work to lower blood glucose levels in Type II diabetes.arrow_forwardDescribe the precipitants of ketoacidosis in this diabetic patient. What is the cause of his altered mental status?arrow_forwardHyperinsulinism, the result of an excessive insulin dose or an insulin-secreting tumor, can result in brain damage. Explain.arrow_forward
- To explain: The reason why injecting excess insulin could impair brain function.arrow_forwarddescribe the multiple actions of insulin.arrow_forwardExplain the reasons why each of these signs and symptoms happen in Hyperthyroidism and Hypothyroidism. Hyperthyroidism Hypothyroidism Weight loss Weight gain Increases appetite Decreased appetite Increased sensitivity to heat Increased sensitivity to cold Diarrhea Constipation Tachycardia Bradycardia Increased hair and nail growth Hair loss and thin nails Anxiety and irritability Depression Tremors Periorbital puffiness Muscle weakness Deafnessarrow_forward
- Which of the following best describes the role of the hexosamine pathway in the pathogenesis of the chronic complications of diabetes mellitus? Question 79 options: a) It involves irreversible binding of glucose to proteins, lipids and nucleic acids which damages components of the microcirculation leading to retinopathy, etc. b) It promotes the O-linked glycosylation of proteins and transcription factors, resulting in altered gene expression contributing to insulin resistance & cardiovascular complications c) It promotes the synthesis of DAG which increases pro-inflammatory gene expression and endothelial ET-1 production resulting in blood flow abnormalities d) It leads to intracellular accumulation of osmotically active sorbitol and fructose which damages Schwann cells, erythrocytes and the lens of the eyearrow_forwardWhile insulin levels are primarily regulated by blood glucose, other factors are also able to influence insulin levels. Briefly describe the major positive and negative factors.arrow_forwardAntagonistic Hormone a) Describe how glucagon and insulin function to regulate blood sugar levels. b) Explain why they are considered to be antagonistic hormones.arrow_forward
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