Study Guide for Campbell Biology
Study Guide for Campbell Biology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134443775
Author: Lisa A. Urry, Michael L. Cain, Steven A. Wasserman, Peter V. Minorsky, Jane B. Reece, Martha R. Taylor, Michael A. Pollock
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 33, Problem 7IQ

a.

Summary Introduction

To explain: The way in which the exoskeletons of arthropods help them to colonize land.

Introduction: Exoskeleton is a hard layer of protective material around the outer epithelial covering of some animals. It may exist as a shell in some animals, such as crabs and crustaceans. Exoskeletons are made up of chitin or calcium carbonates, which are very strong and hard materials that give strength to organisms and protect them from the environment. Animals having exoskeletons often do not have a backbone.

b.

Summary Introduction

To list: The functions that the jointed appendages of arthropods have become modified to perform.

Introduction: Arthropods are metabolically segmented animals. They usually bear paired lateral and jointed appendages.

c.

Summary Introduction

To determine: The types of sensory organs that have evolved in arthropods.

Introduction: Arthropods are considered as the most biologically successful animal group. The arthropods are a more diverse group of animals and cover a greater range of habitats than any other animal group members.

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Worms use a hydrostatic skeleton to generate movement. How do they do this? a. Their bones are filled with water, which provides the weight of the skeleton. b. The change in body structure is caused by contraction of muscles compressing the watery body fluid. c. The muscles contain water vacuoles, which, when filled, provide a rigid internal structure. d. The term hydrostatic simply refers to moist environment. They generate movement just as arthropods do.
Flatworms can reach a maximum size of around 40cm. Whilst this is big for a worm, there are certainly larger animals on earth. What might it be that restricts the flatworms body size?   A. They have an exoskeleton that restricts their growth.   B. They do not have a circulatory system.   C. They are exothermic animals that have limited energy for growth.   D. They are acoelomates and so the growth of their internal organs is restricted by growth of the outer body wall.
How do body structures and functions of a flatworm compare with those of a cnidarian for a. sensory responses to the environment? b. arrangement of the nervous system? c. obtaining food? d. movement? e. excretion of body wastes?
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