To know: The way how animals exchange materials without an internal transport system. Introduction: In animals, the transportation of gases, nutrients, etc. is done by the circulatory system and excretory system. The circulatory system is used to carry blood through the body. Some animals use diffusion to exchange water and other nutrients in the body.

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Chapter 32.3, Problem 2CC

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To know: The way how animals exchange materials without an internal transport system.

Introduction: In animals, the transportation of gases, nutrients, etc. is done by the circulatory system and excretory system. The circulatory system is used to carry blood through the body. Some animals use diffusion to exchange water and other nutrients in the body.

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Quantitative: Fick's first law helps us understand the relationship between a molecule's concentration gradient (the difference in its concentration at two locations) and diffusive flux. In organisms without circulatory systems, the delivery of oxygen to their body tissues can be limited by diffusion. Therefore, diffusion can literally determine the allowable thickness of their body. One example of an organism like this is a flatworm. There are over 30,000 species of marine flatworms which are often beautifully colored. Let's think more about what might be happening in a flatworm's body. a) Draw a picture of a slice through a flatworm showing its cross section and the water above and below. We'll let the total worm thickness be 2Ax which will simplify things as we go. b) Write Fick's equation for the flux of oxygen from the water above into the center of the worm. Label your drawing above with the key variables in this equation. c) A typical marine flatworm is about 1 mm thick. If the…