Essential University Physics
4th Edition
ISBN: 9780134988566
Author: Wolfson, Richard
Publisher: Pearson Education,
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Concept explainers
Videos
Textbook Question
Chapter 32, Problem 64P
Under the best conditions, atmospheric turbulence limits ground-based telescopes’ resolution to about 1 arcsecond (1/3600 of a degree). For what apertures is this limitation more severe than that of diffraction at 550 nm? (Your answer shows why large ground-based telescopes don’t generally produce better images than small ones, although they do gather more light.)
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
The FAST radio telescope in China is currently the largest in the world, with a diameter of 500 meters. It is able to detect radio waves across a wide spectrum, but let's
assume it is "tuned" to a frequency of 1 Giga-Hertz (10°cycles per second). What is the angular resolution limit of the FAST telescope at this frequency?
The telescope of a spy satellite is reputed to be able to resolve objects 9 cm apart from an altitude of 180 km above the surface of Earth.
1) What is the diameter, in meters, of the telescope’s aperture, if its resolution is limited only by diffraction effects? Take 550 nm for the wavelength of light.
Find the minimum telescope aperture that could resolve an object
with angular diameter 0.35 arcsecond, observed at 520-nm wave-
length. (Note: 1 arcsec = 1/3600°.)
Chapter 32 Solutions
Essential University Physics
Ch. 32.1 - Laser light is split into two beams, one of which...Ch. 32.2 - If you increase the slit separation in a two-slit...Ch. 32.4 - If you photographed the soap film in Fig. 32.14...Ch. 32.5 - A classmate down the hall is playing obnoxiously...Ch. 32.6 - You're a biologist trying to resolve details of...Ch. 32 - A prism bends blue light more than red. Is the...Ch. 32 - Prob. 2FTDCh. 32 - Prob. 3FTDCh. 32 - Why don't you see interference effects between the...Ch. 32 - You can hear around corners, but you cant see...
Ch. 32 - In deriving the intensity in double-slit...Ch. 32 - The primary maxima in multiple-slit interference...Ch. 32 - Prob. 8FTDCh. 32 - Sketch roughly the diffraction pattern you would...Ch. 32 - A double-slit system is used to measure the...Ch. 32 - A double-slit experiment with d = 0.025mm and L =...Ch. 32 - A double-slit experiment has slit spacing 0.12 mm....Ch. 32 - The interference pattern from two slits separated...Ch. 32 - The 546-nm green line of gaseous mercury falls on...Ch. 32 - In a five-slit system, how many minima lie between...Ch. 32 - In a three-slit system, the first minimum occurs...Ch. 32 - A five-slit system with 7.5-m slit spacing is...Ch. 32 - Green light at 520 nm is diffracted by a grating...Ch. 32 - Find the minimum thickness of a soap film (n =...Ch. 32 - Light of unknown wavelength shines on a precisely...Ch. 32 - Monochromatic light shines on a glass wedge with...Ch. 32 - White light shines on a 75.0-nm-thick sliver of...Ch. 32 - For the soap film described in Conceptual Example...Ch. 32 - For what ratio of slit width to wavelength will...Ch. 32 - Light with wavelength 633 nm is incident on a...Ch. 32 - Youre inside a metal building that blocks radio...Ch. 32 - Find the intensity as a fraction of the central...Ch. 32 - Prob. 28ECh. 32 - Find the minimum telescope aperture that could...Ch. 32 - Whats the longest wavelength of light you could...Ch. 32 - In bright light, the human eyes pupil diameter is...Ch. 32 - Prob. 32ECh. 32 - Prob. 33ECh. 32 - Prob. 34ECh. 32 - Prob. 35ECh. 32 - Prob. 36ECh. 32 - Example 32.5: An asteroid as small as 35 m in...Ch. 32 - Prob. 38ECh. 32 - Prob. 39ECh. 32 - Find the angular position of the second-order...Ch. 32 - A double-slit experiment has slit spacing 0.035nm,...Ch. 32 - A tube of glowing gas emits light at 550 nm and...Ch. 32 - On the screen of a multiple-slit system, the...Ch. 32 - Youre designing a spectrometer whose...Ch. 32 - What order is necessary to resolve 647.98-nm and...Ch. 32 - A thin film of toluene (n = 1.49) floats on water....Ch. 32 - NASA asks you to assess the feasibility of a...Ch. 32 - In the second-order spectrum from a diffraction...Ch. 32 - Prob. 49PCh. 32 - As a soap bubble with n = 1.333 evaporates and...Ch. 32 - An oil film with refractive index 1.25 floats on...Ch. 32 - The table below lists the angular positions of the...Ch. 32 - Two perfectly flat glass plates are separated at...Ch. 32 - An air wedge like that of Fig. 32.28 shows N...Ch. 32 - A Michelson interferometer uses light from glowing...Ch. 32 - Find the wavelength of light used in a Michelson...Ch. 32 - One arm of a Michelson interferometer is 42.5 cm...Ch. 32 - Prob. 58PCh. 32 - Prob. 59PCh. 32 - Suppose one of the 10-m-diameter Keck Telescopes...Ch. 32 - A camera has an f/1.4 lens, meaning the ratio of...Ch. 32 - The CIA wants your help identifying individual...Ch. 32 - While driving at night, your eyes irises dilate to...Ch. 32 - Under the best conditions, atmospheric turbulence...Ch. 32 - Prob. 65PCh. 32 - An air wedge like that of Fig. 32.28 displays...Ch. 32 - A thin-walled glass tube of length L containing a...Ch. 32 - Light is incident on a diffraction grating at...Ch. 32 - The intensity of the single-slit diffraction...Ch. 32 - Youre on an international panel charged with...Ch. 32 - Youre investigating an oil spill for your state...Ch. 32 - If the separation of two telescopes comprising an...Ch. 32 - If the separation of two telescopes comprising an...Ch. 32 - If a point source is located directly above a...Ch. 32 - If a point source is located on a line at 45 to...
Additional Science Textbook Solutions
Find more solutions based on key concepts
3. What is free-fall, and why does it make you weightless? Briefly describe why astronauts are weightless in th...
The Cosmic Perspective
Use your knowledge of the velocities and changes in velocities to construct momentum vectors and change in mome...
Tutorials in Introductory Physics
Explain all answers clearly, with complete sentences and proper essay structure if needed. An asterisk (*) desi...
Cosmic Perspective Fundamentals
The Gulf Stream redistributes heat from the Gulf of Mexico to a the North American coast, Great Britain and Nor...
Conceptual Integrated Science
(III) (a) Calcúlale the impulse experienced when a 65-kg person lands on firm ground after jumping from a heigh...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers with Modern Physics
42. A bicycle wheel is rotating at 50 rpm when the cyclist begins to
pedal harder, giving the wheel a constant...
Physics for Scientists and Engineers: A Strategic Approach, Vol. 1 (Chs 1-21) (4th Edition)
Knowledge Booster
Learn more about
Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, physics and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- How far apart must two objects be on the moon to be resolvable by the 8.1-m-diameter Gemini North telescope at Mauna Kea, Hawaii, if only the diffraction effects of the telescope aperture limit the resolution? Assume 550 nm for the wavelength of light and 400,000 km for the distance to the moon.arrow_forwardA space-based telescope can achieve a diffraction-limitedangular resolution of 0.05" for red light (wavelength 700 nm). What would the resolution of the instrument be in the ultraviolet, at wavelength 140 nm?arrow_forwardA spy satellite orbiting 600 km above Earth is supposedly capable of counting individual people in a crowd in visual- wavelength images. Assume that the middle of the visual wavelength band is at 550 nm . Assume an average person has a size of 0.8 m as seen from above. Estimate the minimum telescope diameter that the satellite must carry.arrow_forward
- What is the angular resolution limit (degrees) set by diffraction for the 224-cmcm mirror diameter telescope (λλ=560 nmnm)?arrow_forwardAssume that a spy satellite in orbit carries a telescope that can resolve objects on the ground as small as the width of a car’s license plate. If the satellite is in orbit at 400 kmkm above the earth’s surface (which is typical for orbiting telescopes) and it focuses light of wavelength 500 nmnm , what minimum diameter of the mirror (or objective lens) would be needed (Take the width of a typical license plate to be about 30 cmcm )? Express your answer in centimeters.arrow_forwardA series of optical telescopes produced an image that has a resolution of about 0.00350 arc second. What is the smallest diameter telescope that could theoretically resolve these features using light with a wavelength of 1.90 μm? (Note: 1arcsec=1/3600∘) Express your answer to three significant figures and include appropriate units.arrow_forward
- Many years ago, a lunar lander was sent to the moon given the base of the lunar lander is roughly 4 m wide and the moon is on average 380 000 km away from Earth, what is the angular size of the lunar lander in Arcsecindsm? how does this compare to the diffraction limited resolution of the Hubble Space Telescope (2.4 m aperture) when observing at the wavelength of 700 nm? can the HST resolve the lander of the moon?arrow_forwardThe diffraction limit, the smallest angle in degrees that can be resolved, is 250,000 arcsec × (wavelength/diameter of telescope). Humans have two eyes separated by about 7.8 cm and a marvelous computer between their ears. If this optical interferometer is just as good as one eyeball and as large as the separation of two regular eyeballs, what is the diffraction limit in arcsec of human vision for visible light at 525 nm?arrow_forwardMany years ago, a lunar lander was sent to the moon given the base of the lunar lander is roughly 4 m wide and the moon is on average 380 000 km away from Earth, what is the angular size of the lunar lander in Arcseconds? how does this compare to the diffraction-limited resolution of the Hubble Space Telescope (2.4 m aperture) when observing at the wavelength of 700 nm? can the HST resolve the lander of the moon?arrow_forward
- The Very Large Array (VLA) is a set of 27 radio telescope dishes in Catron and Socorro counties, New Mexico (as shown). The antennas can be moved apart on railroad tracks, and their combined signals give the resolvingpower of a synthetic aperture 36.0 km in diameter. (a) If the detectors are tuned to a frequency of 1.40 GHz, what is the angular resolution of the VLA? (b) Clouds of interstellar hydrogen radiate at the frequency used in part (a). What must be the separation distance of two clouds at the center of the galaxy, 26 000 light-years away, if they are to be resolved? (c) What If? As the telescope looks up, a circling hawk looks down. Assume the hawk is most sensitive to green light having a wavelength of 500 nm and has apupil of diameter 12.0 mm. Find the angular resolution of the hawk’s eye. (d) A mouse is on the ground 30.0 m below. By what distance must the mouse’s whiskers be separated if the hawk can resolve them?arrow_forwardin the question: A spy satellite orbiting 600 km above Earth is supposedly capable of counting individual people in a crowd in visual- wavelength images. Assume that the middle of the visual wavelength band is at 550 nm . Assume an average person has a size of 0.8 m as seen from above. Estimate the minimum telescope diameter that the satellite must carry. The previous expert used 1,22 instead of 2.06 to convert to angular distance. I thinkn he has to use the small-angular formula.arrow_forwardWhat is the radius of the Airy disk created by the light of wavelength 626 nm that passes through the lens of radius 5.2 cm and focal point 51.8 cm? Provide your answer in micrometers with a precision of two places after decimal.arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
University Physics Volume 3PhysicsISBN:9781938168185Author:William Moebs, Jeff SannyPublisher:OpenStax
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...PhysicsISBN:9781305116399Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. JewettPublisher:Cengage Learning
University Physics Volume 3
Physics
ISBN:9781938168185
Author:William Moebs, Jeff Sanny
Publisher:OpenStax
Physics for Scientists and Engineers, Technology ...
Physics
ISBN:9781305116399
Author:Raymond A. Serway, John W. Jewett
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Convex and Concave Lenses; Author: Manocha Academy;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CJ6aB5ULqa0;License: Standard YouTube License, CC-BY