Chapter 3.2, Problem 1PTS

a)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given acid-base reaction has to be drawn; the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base has to be labelled in the reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and bases: Acid is defined as proton transfer and base is defined as proton acceptor; Bronsted acid and base reaction involves the transfer of Proton.

Conjugate acid: Protonated Base that gets results is called conjugate acid of the given base.

In above reaction, the acid $\text{HA}$ donates proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes ${\text{A}}^{-}$(is known as conjugate base).

Conjugate Base: Deprotonated Acid that gets results is called conjugate Base of the given Acid.

In above reaction, the base ${\text{A}}^{-}$ gets accepts proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes $\text{HA}$ (is known as conjugate acid).

Flow of electron density: Curved arrow notation: In the acid-base reaction, the flow of electron from high electron density to low density using curved arrow.

b)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given acid-base reaction has to be drawn; the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base has to be labelled in the reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and bases: Acid is defined as proton transfer and base is defined as proton acceptor; Bronsted acid and base reaction involves the transfer of Proton.

Conjugate acid: Protonated Base that gets results is called conjugate acid of the given base.

In above reaction, the acid $\text{HA}$ donates proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes ${\text{A}}^{-}$(is known as conjugate base).

Conjugate Base: Deprotonated Acid that gets results is called conjugate Base of the given Acid.

In above reaction, the base ${\text{A}}^{-}$ gets accepts proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes $\text{HA}$ (is known as conjugate acid).

Flow of electron density: Curved arrow notation: In the acid-base reaction, the flow of electron from high electron density to low density using curved arrow.

c)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given acid-base reaction has to be drawn; the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base has to be labelled in the reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and bases: Acid is defined as proton transfer and base is defined as proton acceptor; Bronsted acid and base reaction involves the transfer of Proton.

Conjugate acid: Protonated Base that gets results is called conjugate acid of the given base.

In above reaction, the acid $\text{HA}$ donates proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes ${\text{A}}^{-}$(is known as conjugate base).

Conjugate Base: Deprotonated Acid that gets results is called conjugate Base of the given Acid.

In above reaction, the base ${\text{A}}^{-}$ gets accepts proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes $\text{HA}$ (is known as conjugate acid).

Flow of electron density: Curved arrow notation: In the acid-base reaction, the flow of electron from high electron density to low density using curved arrow.

d)

Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Mechanism for the given acid-base reaction has to be drawn; the acid, base, conjugate acid, and conjugate base has to be labelled in the reaction.

Concept Introduction:

Bronsted-Lowry Acids and bases: Acid is defined as proton transfer and base is defined as proton acceptor; Bronsted acid and base reaction involves the transfer of Proton.

Conjugate acid: Protonated Base that gets results is called conjugate acid of the given base.

In above reaction, the acid $\text{HA}$ donates proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes ${\text{A}}^{-}$(is known as conjugate base).

Conjugate Base: Deprotonated Acid that gets results is called conjugate Base of the given Acid.

In above reaction, the base ${\text{A}}^{-}$ gets accepts proton ${\text{H}}^{+}$ and becomes $\text{HA}$ (is known as conjugate acid).

Flow of electron density: Curved arrow notation: In the acid-base reaction, the flow of electron from high electron density to low density using curved arrow.