Biochemistry
6th Edition
ISBN: 9781337359573
Author: Reginald H. Garrett; Charles M. Grisham
Publisher: Cengage Learning US
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Chapter 31, Problem 19P
Interpretation Introduction
Interpretation:
The affect on the half-life of the protein in the removal of Met needs to be explained.
Concept Introduction :
The enzymatic and covalent modification of the proteins during its biosynthesis are known as Post-Translational modification (PTM). The synthesis of protein takes place by the translating the ribosomes from mRNA to polypeptide chains. This results in the formation of a mature protein.
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AAAGAGAAAAGAAUA
to AAAGAGAAAUGAAUA.
Suppose the codon sequence
has a single base pair mutation
If the old protein sequence was Lys-Glu-Lys-Arg-Ile, what will be the new sequence encoded by the mutant gene?
(Use the 3-letter amino acid abbreviations with hyphens and no spaces in between, i.e. Ser-Asn-Tyr-Leu-Pro.)
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Retry Entire Group No more group attempts remain
Effect of DNA Mutations on Protein Structure & Function
The structure of a typical human protein coding MRNA including the untranslated regions (UTRS)
Cap 5' UTR
Coding sequence (CDS)
Poly-A
tail
3' UTR
Start
Stop
5'
3'
Question 2:
Which of the following mutations may affect translation initiation?
A. Silent mutation in the coding sequence.
B. Missense mutation in the coding sequence
C. Deletion of four bases in the 5'-UTR
D. Deletion of four bases in the 3'-UTR
Please help with all parts of A, B, C, D
2. You are studying the function of a messenger RNA named Genetixrox and want to label themRNA with a radioactive atom. Assume the mRNA is long and contains all four standardRNA bases. Assume that the cell cannot convert ribonucleotides to deoxyribonucleotides (orvice versa).A. Will you generate radioactive Genetixrox mRNA with 3H-threonine? Threonine is an aminoacid. Answer yes or no, and provide a one sentence rationale.B. Will you generate radioactive Genetixrox mRNA with 3H-adenosine triphosphate? Answeryes or no, and provide a one sentence rationale.C. Will you generate radioactive Genetixrox mRNA with 3H-deoxyadenosine triphosphate?Answer yes or no, and provide a one sentence rationale.D. Will you generate radioactive Genetixrox mRNA 12C-with adenosine triphosphate? Answeryes or no, and provide a one sentence rationale
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biochemistry and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Comparing the Mechanisms of Action of EF-Tu/EF-Ts and DnaK/ GrpE (Integrates with Chapter 30.) In what ways are the mechanisms of action of EF-Tu/EF-Ts and Dna K/GrpE similar? What mechanist ic functions do the ribosome A-site and DnaJ have in common?arrow_forwardWhich statements are true? Explain why or why not.1 The consequences of errors in transcription areless severe than those of errors in DNA replication.2 Since introns are largely genetic “junk,” they do nothave to be removed precisely from the primary transcriptduring RNA splicing.3 Wobble pairing occurs between the first positionin the codon and the third position in the anticodon.4 During protein synthesis, the thermodynamics ofbase-pairing between tRNAs and mRNAs sets the upperlimit for the accuracy with which protein molecules aremade.5 Protein enzymes are thought to greatly outnum-ber ribozymes in modern cells because they can catalyzea much greater variety of reactions and all of them havefaster rates than any ribozyme.arrow_forwardKeeping in mind the circular genome of Mitochondria identify the non-coding regulatory region in Mitochondria. What is its translational status? What regulatory function it performs?arrow_forward
- Determining the amino acid sequence in a protein usually in- volves treating the protein with various reagents that break up the protein into smaller fragments that can be individually sequenced. Treating a particular 11-amino acid polypeptide with one reagent produced the fragments: Ala-Leu-Phe-Gly-Asn-Lys Trp-Glu-Cys Gly-Arg Treating the same polypeptide with a different reagent pro- duced the fragments: Glu-Cys Gly-Asn-Lys-Trp Gly-Arg-Ala-Leu-Phe What is the amino acid sequence of the polypeptide?arrow_forwardSuggest a reason why there are two classes of aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases, with each class recognizing a different face of the tRNA.arrow_forward8.4 Post translational modification The following diagram shows three different types of post translational modification that can occur in proteins. Proteolysis: Phosphorylation: Glycosylation: Cleaving of polypeptide chains The addition of phosphate groups to proteins The addition of sugar groups Label the diagram to demonstrate what type of post-translational modification has taken place to the protein chain. Translation Posttranslational processing eor What organelle is responsible for post translational modification?arrow_forward
- True or false: A fully assembled 70S ribosome is recruited to the mRNA just 5 ́ of the translation start site?arrow_forwardAsaparrow_forwardMRNA CODONS RESPONSIBLE FOR LINING UP EACH OF THE 20 AMINO ACIDS Amino Acid Code-End of the MRNA Codons* (anticodon) tRNA Alanine GCU Arginine Asparagine Aspartic Acid Cysteine Glutamic Acid AGA AAU GAU UGU GAA Glutamine CAA Glycine Histidine GGU CAU Isoleucine AUU Leucine CUU Lysine Methionine AAA AUG Phenylalanine Proline UUU CCU Serine UCU Threonine ACU Tryptophan Tyrosine Valine UGG UAU GUA * There are 64 codons. Some amino acids have several mRNA codons. There is, however, no overlap of codes. 1. You should be able to fill in the 3-letter "code-end" of the tRNA molecules in the table above. Remember, in RNA A pairs with U, and G pairs with C. There is no thymine. Fill in the table.arrow_forward
- how many amino acids and omega bonds? How many amino acids appear to have undergone a post-translational modification? how many amino acids which would be classified as polar uncharged amino acids?arrow_forwardOnce the chains of peptides that make up lysyl-tRNA synthetase protein are synthesized in ribosomes, lysyl-tRNA synthetase needs to have the proper active site in order to perform its function, explain the process of protein folding necessary to have a proper 3-D structure, include effect of thermodynamics and different states in folding, including what happen when there are prolines that form peptide bonds with other amino acids, and any disulfide bridgesarrow_forwardTrue or False. Rho-dependent termination of transcription in prokaryotes can take place upon the formation of a strong RNA stern loop in the MRNA just before a run of U residues. True Falsearrow_forward
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