Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780134202709
Author: Richard Wolfson
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 30, Problem 35P
To determine
The horizontal distance of the diver from the edge of the lake.
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A laser beam is incident on the surface of a block of crown glass at an angle of 34.0° with respect to the normal (a line perpendicular to the surface at the spot where the ray hits the block).
Part of the light is reflected and the rest refracted. What is the angle (in degrees) between the reflected and refracted beams?
Snell’s Law relates the angle of incidence with the angle of refraction as n1 sin θ1 = n2 sin θ2. If a laser beam of 650 nm (red light) travels through the air and enters the water at an angle of 30 degrees with respect to the normal, what angle does the refracted ray make with the vertical? What is the wavelength of the red light in water?
When the sun is either rising or setting and appears to be just on the horizon, it is in fact below the horizon. The explanation for this seeming paradox is that light from the sun bends slightly when entering the earth’s atmosphere, as shown in Fig. Since our perception is based on the idea that light travels in straight lines, we perceive the light to be coming from an apparent position that is an angle d above the sun’s true position. (a) Make the simplifying assumptions that the atmosphere has uniform density, and hence uniform index of refraction n, and extends to a height h above the earth’s surface, at which point it abruptly stops. Show that the angle d is given by as attached. where R = 6378 km is the radius of the earth. (b) Calculate d using n = 1.0003 and h = 20 km. How does this compare to the angular radius of the sun, which is about one quarter of a degree? (In actuality a light ray from the sun bends gradually, not abruptly, since the density and refractive index of the…
Chapter 30 Solutions
Essential University Physics (3rd Edition)
Ch. 30.1 - Prob. 30.1GICh. 30.2 - The figure shows the path of a light ray through...Ch. 30.3 - The glass prism in Fig. 30.11 has n = 1.5 and is...Ch. 30.4 - Prob. 30.4GICh. 30 - Prob. 1FTDCh. 30 - Why does a spoon appear bent when its in a glass...Ch. 30 - Prob. 3FTDCh. 30 - Prob. 4FTDCh. 30 - You send white light through two identical glass...Ch. 30 - Prob. 6FTD
Ch. 30 - Prob. 7FTDCh. 30 - Why are polarizing sunglasses better than glasses...Ch. 30 - Under what conditions will the polarizing angle be...Ch. 30 - Through what angle should you rotate a mirror so...Ch. 30 - Prob. 12ECh. 30 - To what angular accuracy must two ostensibly...Ch. 30 - Prob. 14ECh. 30 - In which substance in Table 30.1 does the speed of...Ch. 30 - Information in a compact disc is stored in pits"...Ch. 30 - Light is incident on an air-glass interface, and...Ch. 30 - A light ray propagates in a transparent material...Ch. 30 - Light propagating in the glass (n = 1.52) wall of...Ch. 30 - Prob. 20ECh. 30 - Find the refractive index of a material for which...Ch. 30 - Prob. 22ECh. 30 - Prob. 23ECh. 30 - What is the critical angle for light propagating...Ch. 30 - Prob. 25ECh. 30 - Blue and red laser beams strike an air-glass...Ch. 30 - White light propagating in air is incident at 45...Ch. 30 - Suppose the 60 angle in Fig. 30.18 is changed to...Ch. 30 - The refractive index of a human cornea is 1.40. If...Ch. 30 - Two plane mirrors make an angle . A light ray...Ch. 30 - An unlabeled bottle of liquid has spilled, and...Ch. 30 - A meter stick lies on the bottom of the...Ch. 30 - Prob. 33PCh. 30 - At the aquarium where you work, a fish has gone...Ch. 30 - Prob. 35PCh. 30 - You've dropped your car keys at night off the end...Ch. 30 - Laser eye surgery uses ultraviolet light with...Ch. 30 - Prob. 38PCh. 30 - Repeat Problem 38 for the case n = 1.75, = 40,...Ch. 30 - Find the minimum refractive index for the prism in...Ch. 30 - Where and in what direction would the main beam...Ch. 30 - Find the speed of light in a material for which...Ch. 30 - Prob. 43PCh. 30 - For the interface between air (refractive index 1)...Ch. 30 - A scuba diver sets off a camera flash at depth h...Ch. 30 - Suppose the red and blue beams of Exercise 26 are...Ch. 30 - In cataract surgery, ophthalmologists replace the...Ch. 30 - In a ruby laser, light is produced in a solid rod...Ch. 30 - Reconsider Example 30.4, now in a glass with n700...Ch. 30 - A cylindrical tank 2.4 m deep is full to the brim...Ch. 30 - For what diameter tank in Problem 50 will sunlight...Ch. 30 - Light is incident from air on the flat wall of a...Ch. 30 - Prob. 53PCh. 30 - Find an expression for the displacement x in Fig....Ch. 30 - Prob. 55PCh. 30 - (a) Differentiate the result of Problem 55 to show...Ch. 30 - Prob. 57PCh. 30 - Prob. 58PCh. 30 - Fermat's principle states that a light ray's path...Ch. 30 - Prob. 60PCh. 30 - A slab of transparent material has thickness d and...Ch. 30 - For common materials like glass, the wavelength...Ch. 30 - Figure 30.25a depicts lights path over a hot road,...Ch. 30 - Prob. 64PPCh. 30 - Figure 30.25b shows how continuous refraction in...Ch. 30 - The refractive index in the ionosphere is strongly...
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- Light traveling in a medium of index of refraction n1 is incident on another medium having an index of refraction n2. Under which of the following conditions can total internal reflection occur at the interface of the two media? (a) The indices of refraction have the relation n2 n1. (b) The indices of refraction have the relation n1 n2. (c) Light travels slower in the second medium than in the first. (d) The angle of incidence is less than the critical angle. (e) The angle of incidence must equal the angle of refraction.arrow_forwardWhat happens to a light wave when it travels from air into glass? (a) Its speed remains the same. (b) Its speed increases. (c) Its wavelength increases. (d) Its wavelength remains the same. (e) Its frequency remains the same.arrow_forwardA ray of light consisting of blue light (wavelength 480 nm) and red light (wavelength 670 nm) is incident on a thick piece of glass at 80°. What is the angular separation between the refracted red and refracted blue beams while they are in the glass? (The respective indices of refraction for the blue light and the red light are 1.4636 and 1.4561.) 0.27° 0.33° 0.36° 0.46° 0.54°arrow_forward
- A light ray is pointed at the surface of a block of flint glass at an angle of 26.0° with respect to the normal (a line perpendicular to the surface at the spot where the ray hits the block). Part of the light is reflected and the rest refracted. What is the angle (in degrees) between the reflected and refracted rays?arrow_forwardAt night, a person (in air) stands, at the edge of a water-filled swimming pool with a flashlight in hand, looking down at an angle into the pool for a set of car keys (he/she) dropped accidentally to the bottom of the pool earlier in the day. The flashlight is adjusted until the keys can be seen. The vertical distance from the flashlight to the water is 1.5m. The horizontal distance from the flashlight to the point at which the light beam enters the water is 1.7m. The pool is 5m deep. What is the horizontal distance, measured from the from the edge of the pool, starting at the bottom, to the keys? Consider the index of refraction for both air and water in your calculations.arrow_forwardA ray of light is incident on a glass prism (n 1.6) with an angle of incidence 0, = 40°. The ray emerges from the opposite side of the prism with an angle 04. The apex angle of the prism is 60°. The deviation angle, 8, between the incident ray and the emerging ray is then: %3D %3D = 40° 60 air=1 13.8° 38.4° 44.5° 51.3 O 21 7 29 nmis Incicent from vecuum onto glass of index ofarrow_forward
- A laser beam is directed toward the surface of a block of flint glass at an angle of 49.0° with respect to the normal (a line perpendicular to the surface at the spot where the ray hits the block). Some of the light is reflected and the rest refracted. What is the angle (in degrees) between the reflected and refracted beams?arrow_forwardYou are on a snorkeling trip. Deep below the water, you look up at the surface of the water. Right at sunset, at what angle from the vertical do you see the sun?arrow_forwardA ray of light strikes a flat block of glass at an incidence angle of ?1 = 38.6°. The glass is 2.00 cm thick and has an index of refraction that equals ng = 1.52. a.) The distance d separates the twice-bent ray from the path it would have taken without the glass in the way. What is this distance (in cm)? b.) At what speed (in m/s) does the light travel within the glass? c.) How many nanoseconds does the light take to pass through the glass along the angled path shown here?arrow_forward
- Consider a light ray incident from air (n_air = 1) onto a glass slab of refractive index n_glass = 1.5. If the %3D angle of refraction inside the glass medium is 3O°, then the angle of incidence is: O 48.6° 19.4° 15.7° 64.5° 23.6° O 37.6°arrow_forwardA beam of light traveling in air strikes a slab of transparent material. The incident beam makes an angle of 60° with the normal, and the refracted beam make an angle of 50° with the normal. What is the speed of light in the transparent material? (c = 3.0 × 108 m/s) Provide the answer: x 108 m/sarrow_forwardA light ray in a particular medium hits the surface with air (n₁ = nair = 1.00) at an angle of incidence of 18.4°. The angle of refraction in air is 41.9°. Calculate the refractive index n₂ for this medium. n₁ n₂ 0₁ Enter the numerical part of your answer to two decimal figures. The speed of light in a vacuum = c = 3.00 × 108 m/s.arrow_forward
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