A mixture of chemicals is flowing in a pipe
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HEAT+MASS TRANSFER:FUND.+APPL.
- Air at 90°C and 1.00 atm (absolute) contains 10.0 mole% water. A continuous stream of this air enters a compressor-condenser, in which the temperature is lowered to 15.6°C and the pressure is raised to 3.00 atm. The air leaving the condenser is then heated isobarically to 100°C. Calculate: (a) the fraction of water that is condensed from the air (b) the relative humidity of the air at 100°C (c) and the ratio of the volumetric flow of the outlet air to the volumetric flow of the feed air.arrow_forwardA fruit juices at 30°C with 5% total solids is being concentrated in a single-effect evaporator. The evaporator is being operated at a sufficient vacuum to allow the product moisture to evaporate at 80°C, and steam with 85% quality is being supplied at 169.06 kPa. The desired concentration of the final product is 40% total solids. The concentrated product exits the evaporator at a rate of 2500 kg/h. The specific heat of liquid feed is 4.05 kJ/(kg°C), and of concentrated product is 3.175 kJ/(kg°C). Calculate the:a. Steam requirements is = Answer kg / hour. b. Steam economy for the process, when condensate is released at 90°C. = Answer (kg of water evaporates / kg of steam)arrow_forwardCalculate the entropy increase in the evaporation of one mole of water at 100 °C. Heat of vaporization of water at 100 °C = 2259.4 J g-1.arrow_forward
- Gaseous hydrogen weakens the mechanical strength of cast iron. this phenomenon often occurs in cast iron pressure vessels containing 100% gas hydrogen. H2 gas dissolves in metallic iron and diffuses into solid non-porous iron by an interstitial diffusion mechanism. H2 gas does not need to penetrate far into the iron to have a negative effect on the mechanical strength of iron. In the present situation, 100% of H2 gas at 1.0 atm and 100°C is contained within a 1.0 m internal diameter and wall thickness of 2.0 cm. The solubility of hydrogen in iron in 100°C is 2.2x10-7 mol of H/g Fe atoms. The diffusion coefficient of atoms of hydrogen in solid iron is 124.0x10-9 cm2 /sec at 100°C. Initially, there are no H atoms in solid iron. How many hours will it take for the hydrogen level inside the iron metal reaches 1.76x10-7 mol H atoms/g Fe at a depth of 0.1 cm from the surface exposed to hydrogen gas?arrow_forwardDate: 1 of 1 PROBLEM 6.18 Air at 90°C and 1.00 atm (absolute) contains 10.0 mole% water. A continuous stream of this air enters a compressor-condenser, in which the temperature is lowered to 15.6°C and the pressure is raised to 3.00 atm. The air leaving the condenser is then heated isobarically to 100°C. Calculate the fraction of water that is condensed from the air, the relative humidity of the air at 100°C, and the ratio m outlet air @ 100°C /m feed air @ 90°C. Solution Basis: 1 mol feed. Since the problem statement asks us to calculate the ratio of the volumes of feed air and exit air, we will label both volumes on the flowchart. DA = dry air Compressor Heater V1 (m³) V2 (m³) П2 (mol) n2 (mol) V2 (mol H20(v)/mol) (1-y2) (mol DA/mol) 15.6°C, 3 a 1 mol 0.100 mol H2O(v)/mol 0.900 mol DA/mol 90°C, 1 atm V2 (1-y2) 100 C, 3 atm N3 [mol H2O(1)] 15.6°C, 3 atm DEGREE-OF-FREEDOM ANALYSIS ON COMPRESSOR UNKNOWNS AND INFORMATION JUSTIFICATION/CONCLUSION 4 unknowns (V1, n1, n2, y2) 2 balances 1…arrow_forwardA Styrofoam bucket of negligible mass contains 1.75 kgof water and 0.450 kg of ice. More ice, from a refrigerator at-15.0°C, is added to the mixture in the bucket, and when thermalequilibrium has been reached, the total mass of ice in the bucket is0.884 kg. Assuming no heat exchange with the surroundings, whatmass of ice was added?arrow_forward
- Air and fuel enter a furnace used for home heating. The air has an enthalpy of 302 kJ/kg and the fuel an enthalpy of 43 027 kJ/kg. The gases leaving the furnace have an enthalpy of 616 kJ/kg. There are 17 kg air/kg fuel. Water circulates through the furnace wall receiving heat. The house requires 17.6 kW of heat. What is the fuel consumption per day?arrow_forwardThe equivalent evaporation (kg/hr) of a boiler producing 2000 kg/hr of steam with enthalpy content of 2426 kJ/kg from feed water at temperature 40°C (liquid enthalpy = 168 kJ/kg) is (enthalpy of vaporization of water at 100°C = 2258 KJ/kg) %3D %3Darrow_forwardThe compression factor of a van deer Waals gas at 100°C and 100 atm given that a= 1.345 atm-L^2/mole^2 and b=0.0322 L/molearrow_forward
- ) Stainless steel ball bearings (ρ = 8085 kg/m3and cp = 0.480 kJ/kgC) having adiameter of 1.22 cm are to be quenched in water at a rate of 1402 per minute.The balls leave the oven at a uniform temperature of 900C and are exposed to air at 300C for a while before they are dropped into the water. If thetemperature of the balls drops to 855C prior to quenching, determine:(i) The rate of heat transfer from the balls to the air; and(ii) The rate of entropy generation due to heat loss from the balls to the air.arrow_forward1) A beaker with 10 cm in height is filled with liquid solvent n-hexane up to a level2 cm below the top (mouth) of the beaker at 25°C and 1 bar. With a fan, dry air at 25°C and 1 bar is blown gently across the mouth of the beaker, so that the hexane vapor transferred through the air and n-hexane gas-vapor mixture by diffusion. Hexane concentration at the mouth of the beaker is negligible. Assume that air does not dissolve in liquid hexane, and the liquid height in the beaker is constant within observation period, hence the system is in steady-state. Molecular diffusivity of n-hexane in air is DAB -2x10 m²/s at 25 °C and 1 bar, and vapor pressure of n-hexane is pa°-152 mmHg at 25 °C. a) Draw a schematic picture of the mass transfer in the beaker. b) Discuss the type of mass transfer in the gas-vapor mixture. c) Using the equation dyA N=-cD 4 + y , (N , + N,) + y, (N, +N, d z Derive the molar flux equation for the condition given, showing every step of integration. d) Calculate the total…arrow_forward. A bomb calorimeter is used to determine the Higher Caloric Value of an oil sample . the mass of the sample is 2.12g. The total equivalent mass of water is 1.84kg. The increase in temperature after ignition is 8.9K . 2.9g of condensate is formed after it has cooled. Calculate the higher and lower calorific values. The specific heat of water is 4.186kJ/kgk.arrow_forward
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