Brief Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)
8th Edition
ISBN: 9781337091985
Author: N. Gregory Mankiw
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 3, Problem 5CQQ
To determine
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Students have asked these similar questions
You are watching the nightly news. A political candidate being interviewed says, "I'm for
free trade, but it must be fair trade. If our foreign competitors will not raise their
environmental regulations, reduce subsidiaries to their export industries, and lower
tariffs on their imports of our goods, we should retaliate with tariffs and import quotas on
there goes to show them that we won't be played for fools!"
A) If a foreign country artificially lowers the cost of production for its producers with
lax environmental regulations and direct subsidiaries and then exports the
products to us, who gains and who loses in our country, producers or
consumers?
B) Continuing form part A above, does our country gain or lose? Why?
C) If a foreign country subsidizes the production of a good exported to the United
States, who bears the burden of their mistaken policy?
D) What happens to our overall economic well-being if we restrict trade with a
country that subsidizes its export industries?…
Suppose that in the United States, producing an aircraft takes 10,000 hours of labor and producing a shirttakes 2 hours of labor. In China, producing an aircrafttakes 40,000 hours of labor and producing a shirttakes 4 hours of labor. What will these nations trade?a. China will export aircraft, and the United Stateswill export shirts.b. China will export shirts, and the United States willexport aircraft.c. Both nations will export shirts.d. There are no gains from trade in this situation.
U.S.
U.K
Wheat
12
10
Cloth
8
6
The table above shows United States and United Kingdom production of wheat (bushels per hour) and cloth (yards per hour).
i.The United States has an absolute advantage in the production of both goods.
ii.The United Kingdom has a comparative advantage in the production of wheat.
iii.The opportunity cost of cloth is lower in the United States.
iv.The opportunity cost of cloth is lower in the United Kingdom.
Which one of the following is true?
a) only i, ii and iv are correct
b) Only i, ii, and iii are correct
c) Only i and ii are correct
d) Only iii is correct
Chapter 3 Solutions
Brief Principles of Macroeconomics (MindTap Course List)
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- . When China’s clothing industry expands, the increasein world supply lowers the world price of clothing.a. Draw an appropriate diagram to analyze howthis change in price affects consumer surplus,producer surplus, and total surplus in a nationthat imports clothing, such as the United States.b. Now draw an appropriate diagram to show howthis change in price affects consumer surplus,producer surplus, and total surplus in a nationthat exports clothing, such as the DominicanRepublic.c. Compare your answers to parts (a) and (b). Whatare the similarities and what are the differences?Which country should be concerned about theexpansion of the Chinese textile industry? Whichcountry should be applauding it? Explainarrow_forwardThe world has two countries, A and Z, which each produce two products, gadgets and whizbangs. Without world trade, the domestic price of gadgets in A is lower than the price of gadgets in Z. We can say that Country Z has a comparative advantage in gadgets and should be exporting them. Country Z should specialize in producing gadgets. Country A has a comparative advantage in gadgets and should be exporting them. Country A has a comparative advantage in whizbangs and should be importing them.arrow_forwardYou are watching the nightly news. A political candidate being interviewed says, "I'm for free trade, but it must be fair trade. If our foreign competitors will not raise their environmental regulations, reduce subsidies to their export industries, and lower tariffs on their imports of our goods, we should retaliate with tariffs and import quotas on their goods to show them that we won't be played for fools!" If a foreign country subsidizes the production of a good exported to the United States, who bears the burden of their mistaken policy?arrow_forward
- Use the Graph below to answer the questions about International Trade: Price P1 P2 P3 A B D F с E D -Quantity a. At equilibrium, what area represents Consumer Surplus? Blank 1 and Blank 2. b. At equilibrium, what area represents Producer Surplus? Blank 3 and Blank 4. c. Which Price Level would make this country become an importer of this good? Blank 5 d. Which Price Level would make this country become an exporter of this good? Blank 6arrow_forwardEngland and Scotland both produce scones and sweaters. Suppose that an English works can produce 50 scones per hour or 1 sweater per hour. Suppose that a Scottish worker can produce 40 scones per hour or 2 sweaters per hour. a. Which country has the absolute advantage in the production of each good? Which country has the comparative advantage? b. If England and Scotland decide to trade, which commodity will Scotland trade to England? Explain. c. If a Scottish worker could produce only 1 sweater per hour, would Scotland still gain from trade? Would England still gain from trade? Explain.arrow_forwardAssume the United States is an importer of televisions and there are no trade restrictions. US consumers buy 1 million televisions per year, of which 400,000 are produced domestically and 600,000 are imported,a. Suppose that a technological advance among Japanese television manufacturers causes the world price of televisions to fall by $100. Draw a graph to show how this change affects the welfare of U.S. consumers and U.S. producers and how it affects total surplus in the United States.b. After the fall in price, consumers buy 1.2 million televisions, of which 200,000 are produced domestically and 1 million are imported. Calculate the change in consumer surplus, producer surplus, and total surplus from the price reduction. c. If the government responded by putting a $100 tariff on imported televisions, what would this do? Calculate the revenue that would be raised and the deadweight loss. Would it be a good policy from the standpoint of U.S. welfare? Who might support the policy?d.…arrow_forward
- Two countries, A and B, produce cotton and wine. The table below describes their maximum daily production of each good in kilograms for cotton and liters for wine. Maximum daily production Country A Country B Cotton 40 40 Wine 50 40 Which country has the comparative advantage in the production of a. wine? Why? b. Why? If these two countries trade, which good will each of them export? C. When trade between the two countries is not allowed, country A produces 16 kg. of cotton and 30 liters of wine and country B produces 22 kg. of cotton and 18 liters of wine. Would they agree to trade if the agreement included the following two conditions: Each produces only the good for which they have the comparative advantage They trade 17 kg of cotton for 19 liters of winearrow_forwardAn automobile company has two factories, one in Vietnam and one in Australia, each with the same number of workers. The Vietnamese factory can produce either 150 engines or 100 transmissions per day. The Australian factory can produce either 200 engines or 150 transmissions per day. A. Which factory has an advantage is irrelevant since the theory of comparative advantage only applies to countries, not companies. B. The Australian factory has an comparative advantage in the production of transmissions. C. The Vietnamese factory has an absolute advantage producing both engines and transmissions. D. The Vietnamese factory has a comparative advantage in the production of transmissions.arrow_forwardAssume Australia is an importer of sofas and there are no trade restrictions. Australian consumers buy 1 000 000 sofas per year, of which 450 000 are produced domestically and 550 000 are imported.a Suppose that a technological advance among Swedish sofa manufacturers causes the world price of sofas to fall by $200. Draw a graph to show how this change affects the welfare of Australian consumers and Australian producers, and how it affects total surplus in Australia.b After the fall in price, Australian consumers buy 1 150 000 sofas, of which 300 000 are produced domestically and 850 000 are imported. Calculate the change in consumer surplus, producer surplus and total surplus from the price reduction.c If the government responded by putting a $200 tariff on imported sofas, what would this do? Calculate the revenue that would be raised and the deadweight loss. Would it be a good policy from the standpoint of Australian welfare? Who might support the policy?d Suppose that the fall in…arrow_forward
- Two countries, A and B, produce cotton and wine. The table below describes their maximum daily production of each good in kilograms for cotton and liters for wine. Maximum daily production Country A Country B Cotton 40 40 Wine 50 40 Which country has the comparative advantage in the production of a. wine? Why? b. If these two countries trade, which good will each of them export? Why?arrow_forwardWrite an essay related to this treatise:NAFTA (North American Free Trade Agreement): In the introduction, develop the origin of comparative advantage and its relationship with international trade, using the selected treaty as an example. In the development of the essay, present:to. A description of the treaty that includes:* the reasons for the creation of the selected treaty and the countries included in it.* the benefits and effects of export and import in the treaty.* What were the obstacles encountered in the development of the treaty.arrow_forwardDavid Ricardo, the British political economist, used the example of two commodities—wine and cloth—produced by England and Portugal to explain trade. The following table shows the number of labor hours it would take England and Portugal to produce one unit each of wine and cloth: (see table attatched) Portugal can produce both wine and cloth using fewer labor hours than England uses. A group of mercantilists (who believe that nations build their wealth by exporting more than they import) suggest that Portugal has nothing to gain from trading with England. Would you agree? Explain your answer.arrow_forward
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