Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780136042594
Author: Stuart Russell, Peter Norvig
Publisher: Prentice Hall
expand_more
expand_more
format_list_bulleted
Expert Solution & Answer
Chapter 3, Problem 3E
a.
Explanation of Solution
State space:
- State space:
- States are all possible city pairs (i,j).
- The map is not the state space.
- Successor function: The successor...
b.
Explanation of Solution
Size of state space:
- In the given case, “i” and “j” are two cities and “D(i,j)” is the straight-line distance between them...
c.
Explanation of Solution
“Yes”, there are some completely connected maps that do not have any solution.
Justification:
- In the given case, a map consisting of two nodes are connected by one link.
- The two friends will swap the places forever...
d.
Explanation of Solution
“Yes” there are maps that contain all solutions that require one friend to visit the same city twice.
Justification:
- If any one of the unsolvable maps are considered, and a self-loop is added to any one of the nodes...
Expert Solution & Answer
Want to see the full answer?
Check out a sample textbook solution
Students have asked these similar questions
There are 2016 passengers about to board a plane, numbered 1 through 2016 in that order. Each passenger is assigned to a seat equal to his or her own number. However, the first passenger disregards instructions and instead of sitting in seat number 1, chooses and sits down in a randomly chosen seat. Each subsequent passenger acts according to the following scheme: if their assigned seat is available, they will sit there; otherwise, they will pick at random from the remaining available seats and sit there. What is the probability that the 1512th passenger ends up sitting in their assigned seat?
A. 1/2016
B. 1/2
C. 5/8
D. 3/4
E. None of the above
There are four people who want to cross a rickety bridge; they all begin on the
same side. You have 17 minutes to get them all across to the other side. It is night, and
they have one flashlight. A maximum of two people can cross the bridge at one time. Any
party that crosses, either one or two people, must have the flashlight with them. The
flashlight must be walked back and forth; it cannot be thrown, for example. Person 1
takes 1 minute to cross the bridge, person 2 takes 2 minutes, person 3 takes 5 minutes,
and person 4 takes 10 minutes. A pair must walk together at the rate of the slower
person's pace.
Write the specification of an algorithm that solves the problem.
Let l be a line in the x-yplane. If l is a vertical line, its equation is x = a for some real number a.
Suppose l is not a vertical line and its slope is m. Then the equation of l is y = mx + b, where b is the y-intercept.
If l passes through the point (x₀, y₀), the equation of l can be written as y - y₀ = m(x - x₀).
If (x₁, y₁) and (x₂, y₂) are two points in the x-y plane and x₁ ≠ x₂, the slope of line passing through these points is m = (y₂ - y₁)/(x₂ - x₁).
Instructions
Write a program that prompts the user for two points in the x-y plane. Input should be entered in the following order:
Input x₁
Input y₁
Input x₂
Chapter 3 Solutions
Artificial Intelligence: A Modern Approach
Ch. 3 - Explain why problem formulation must follow goal...Ch. 3 - Prob. 2ECh. 3 - Prob. 3ECh. 3 - Prob. 4ECh. 3 - Prob. 5ECh. 3 - Prob. 6ECh. 3 - Prob. 8ECh. 3 - Prob. 9ECh. 3 - Prob. 10ECh. 3 - Prob. 11E
Ch. 3 - Prob. 12ECh. 3 - Prob. 13ECh. 3 - Prob. 14ECh. 3 - Prob. 15ECh. 3 - Prob. 16ECh. 3 - Prob. 17ECh. 3 - Prob. 18ECh. 3 - Prob. 20ECh. 3 - Prob. 21ECh. 3 - Prob. 22ECh. 3 - Trace the operation of A search applied to the...Ch. 3 - Prob. 24ECh. 3 - Prob. 25ECh. 3 - Prob. 26ECh. 3 - Prob. 27ECh. 3 - Prob. 28ECh. 3 - Prob. 29ECh. 3 - Prob. 31ECh. 3 - Prob. 32E
Knowledge Booster
Similar questions
- A salesman would like to visit a set of n cities. The cities are connected pairwise by a direct trains. The cost of a train ticket varies depending on the cities it connects. This salesman would like to fly into one city, then use trains to visit each city exactly one, and then fly out of the last city on his trip. The cost of his trip is the total cost of all the train tickets (the plane tickets are not included). The salesman may chose any city to fly into and any city to fly out of. Let the problem of determining if there is a trip that costs at most k dollars be called T rainSalesman. Show that this problem is NP-complete.arrow_forwardDingyu is playing a game defined on an n X n board. Each cell (i, j) of the board (1 2, he may only go to (2, n).) The reward he earns for a move from cell C to cell D is |value of cell C – value of cell D|. The game ends when he reaches (n, n). The total reward - is the sum of the rewards for each move he makes. For example, if n = 1 2 and A = 3 the answer is 4 since he can visit (1, 1) → (1, 2) → (2, 2), and no other solution will get a higher reward. A. Write a recurrence relation to express the maximum possible reward Dingyu can achieve in traveling from cell (1, 1) to cell (n, n). Be sure to include any necessary base cases. B. State the asymptotic (big-O) running time, as a function of n, of a bottom-up dynamic programming algorithm based on your answer from the previous part. Briefly justify your answer. (You do not need to write down the algorithm itself.)arrow_forwardImagine there are N teams competing in a tournament, and that each team plays each of the other teams once. If a tournament were to take place, it should be demonstrated (using an example) that every team would lose to at least one other team in the tournament.arrow_forward
- A certain cat shelter has devised a novel way of making prospective adopters choose their new pet. To remove pet owners’ biases regarding breed, age, or looks, they are led blindfolded into a room containing all the cats up for adoption and must bring home whichever they pick up. Suppose you are trying to adopt two cats, and the shelter contains a total of N cats in one of only two colors: black or orange. is it still possible to pick up two black cats with probability ½, given that there is an even number of orange cats in the room? If so, how many cats should be in the room? How many black, how many orange?arrow_forwardvvvHarry has a big wall clock, that got hit while he was playing. Now, the minute hand doesn't rotate by the angle 2π/3600 each second, but now it moves according to different angle x. You can assume that coordinates of the centre of the clock are (0, 0) and the length of the minute hand is l. One endpoint of the minute hand is always located at the clock centre; the other endpoint is initially located at the point (0, l). One second later, Harry observes that this endpoint is at distance d above the x-axis, i.e., the y-coordinate of this endpoint is equal to d. Harry is curious about where the minute hand will be (specifically, its y-coordinate) after t seconds. Because t can be very large, Harry can't wait for that moment. Please help him to write a python code that prints a single line containing the output.Input: 4 2 2Output4Harry has a big wall clock, that got hit while he was playing. Now, the minute hand doesn't rotate by the angle 2π/3600 each second, but now it moves according…arrow_forwardLet L be a line in the xy plane. If L is a vertical line, its equation is x=afor some real number a. Suppose L is not a vertical line and its slope is m. Then the equation of L is y=mx + b, where b is the y-intercept. If L passes through the point (x0,y0), the equation of L can be written as y –y0=m(x –x0). If (x1,y1)and (x2,y2)are two points in the xy plane and x1≠x2, the slope of the line passing through these points is m = (y2-y1)/ (x2-x1). Write a program that prompts the user to enter two points in the xy plane. The program outputs the equation of theline and uses ifstatements to determine and output whether the line is vertical, horizontal, increasing, or decreasing. If L is a nonvertical line, output its equation in the form y=mx + b.arrow_forward
- There are a set of courses, each of them requiring a set of disjoint time intervals. For example, a course could require the time from 9am to 11am and 2pm to 3pm and 4pm to 5pm. You want to know, given a number K, if it’s possible to take at least K courses. You can only take one course at any single point in time (i.e. any two courses you choose can’t overlap). Show that the problem is NP-complete, which means that choosing courses is indeed a difficult thing in our life. Use a reduction from the Independent set problem.arrow_forwardSuppose a business person launches new cinema at Islamabad and ask his team to develop a ticket system for box office. He assigns some requirements about system that how should it work. The requirements are such a way that there are only '5' number of box office windows in the theatre. Each window can have at max '20' number of people waiting in line. To start with, only one window is opened. If the number of people waiting in line in that window exceeds 20, then the next window is opened and people can join the line in that window. Likewise, if both the first and second windows have n number of people waiting in each queue, then a third window is opened. This can go on until the maximum number of windows w is reached. Let us assume that once a window is opened it never closes. A new window is only opened if all open windows are full. Each person can buy only one ticket. So, the system should not allot more than one ticket per person. Let us assume that the system issues one ticket…arrow_forwardOn a chess board of r rows and c columns there is a lone white rook surrounded by a group of opponent's black knights. Each knight attacks 8 squares as in a typical chess game, which are shown in the figure - the knight on the red square attacks the 8 squares with a red dot. The rook can move horizontally and vertically by any number of squares. The rook can safely pass through an empty square that is attacked by a knight, but it must move to a square that is not attacked by any knight. The rook cannot jump over a knight while moving. If the rook moves to a square that contains a knight, it may capture it and remove it from the board. The black knights. never move. Can the rook eventually safely move to the designated target square? The figure illustrates how the white rook can move to the blue target square at the top-right corner in the first sample case. The rook captures one black knight at the bottom-right of the board on its way. Rok nd kight lcoes by Chunen Input The first line…arrow_forward
- Three prisoners have been sentenced to long terms in prison, but due to over crowed conditions, one prisoner must be released. The warden devises a scheme to determine which prisoner is to be released. He tells the prisoners that he will blindfold them and then paint a red dot or blue dot on each forehead. After he paints the dots, he will remove the blindfolds, and a prisoner should raise his hand if he sees at least one red dot on the other two prisoners. The first prisoner to identify the color of the dot on his own forehead will be release. Of course, the prisoners agree to this. (What do they have to lose?) The warden blindfolds the prisoners, as promised, and then paints a red dot on the foreheads of all three prisoners. He removes the blindfolds and, since each prisoner sees a red dot (in fact two red dots), each prisoner raises his hand. Some time passes when one of the prisoners exclaims, "I know what color my dot is! It's red!" This prisoner is then released. Your problem…arrow_forwardSuppose we can buy a chocolate bar from the vending machine for $1 each.Inside every chocolate bar is a coupon. We can redeem six coupons for onechocolate bar from the machine. This means that once you have startedbuying chocolate bars from the machine, you always have some coupons.We would like to know how many chocolate bars can be eaten if we startwith N dollars and always redeem coupons if we have enough for an additional chocolate bar.For example, with 6 dollars we could consume 7 chocolate bars afterpurchasing 6 bars giving us 6 coupons and then redeeming the 6 couponsfor one bar. This would leave us with one extra coupon. For 11 dollars, wecould have consumed 13 chocolate bars and still have one coupon left.For 12 dollars, we could have consumed 14 chocolate bars and have twocoupons left.arrow_forwardYou are given a grid having N rows and M columns. A grid square can either be blocked or empty. Blocked squares are represented by a '#' and empty squares are represented by '.'. Find the number of ways to tile the grid using L shaped bricks. A L brick has one side of length three units while other of length 2 units. All empty squares in the grid should be covered by exactly one of the L shaped tiles, and blocked squares should not be covered by any tile. The bricks can be used in any orientation (they can be rotated or flipped). Input Format The first line contains the number of test cases T. T test cases follow. Each test case contains N and M on the first line, followed by N lines describing each row of the grid. Constraints 1 <= T <= 501 <= N <= 201 <= M <= 8Each grid square will be either '.' or '#'. Output Format Output the number of ways to tile the grid. Output each answer modulo 1000000007. Sample Input 3 2 4 .... .... 3 3 ...…arrow_forward
arrow_back_ios
SEE MORE QUESTIONS
arrow_forward_ios
Recommended textbooks for you
Database System ConceptsComputer ScienceISBN:9780078022159Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. SudarshanPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Starting Out with Python (4th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780134444321Author:Tony GaddisPublisher:PEARSON
Digital Fundamentals (11th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780132737968Author:Thomas L. FloydPublisher:PEARSON
C How to Program (8th Edition)Computer ScienceISBN:9780133976892Author:Paul J. Deitel, Harvey DeitelPublisher:PEARSON
Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Manag...Computer ScienceISBN:9781337627900Author:Carlos Coronel, Steven MorrisPublisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic ControllersComputer ScienceISBN:9780073373843Author:Frank D. PetruzellaPublisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Database System Concepts
Computer Science
ISBN:9780078022159
Author:Abraham Silberschatz Professor, Henry F. Korth, S. Sudarshan
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education
Starting Out with Python (4th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780134444321
Author:Tony Gaddis
Publisher:PEARSON
Digital Fundamentals (11th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780132737968
Author:Thomas L. Floyd
Publisher:PEARSON
C How to Program (8th Edition)
Computer Science
ISBN:9780133976892
Author:Paul J. Deitel, Harvey Deitel
Publisher:PEARSON
Database Systems: Design, Implementation, & Manag...
Computer Science
ISBN:9781337627900
Author:Carlos Coronel, Steven Morris
Publisher:Cengage Learning
Programmable Logic Controllers
Computer Science
ISBN:9780073373843
Author:Frank D. Petruzella
Publisher:McGraw-Hill Education