Components of computer: Computer has four major components, they are: Central processing unit (CPU) Memory unit Input devices Output devices Central Processing Unit (CPU): CPU plays the key role in a computer by carrying out instructions of a computer program. It performs all the basic logic, arithmetic, controlling and input/output operations that are specified by the instructions. The CPU comprises of two units, Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit (CU). Memory unit: Once computer program instructions are converted into machine code by CPU, the machine code is stored in memory. Then the CPU fetches the required data and instructions from memory, perform the required operations and then sends the result and next set of instructions back to memory. Input devices: The devices used by the user to feed information to computer, such as a hard drive, keyboard, or a networking card. These devices get the data from outside world into computer in the way that human eyes and ears bring the data to brain. Output devices: Output devices are used by computer to deliver information to user, such as a monitor, printer, and speaker. The CPU takes machine code present in memory and converts it into a format that is required by monitor’s hardware. Then the monitor’s hardware converts that information into different light intensities so that you see words or pictures.

Question

Discuss the concept of Moore's Law and its impact on hardware development. How has the exponential growth of transistors on a microchip affected computer performance and technology evolution?

Answer 1

Question

Chapter 3, Problem 3CTQ1

Program Plan Intro

Components of computer:

Computer has four major components, they are:

Central processing unit (CPU)

Memory unit

Input devices

Output devices

Central Processing Unit (CPU):

CPU plays the key role in a computer by carrying out instructions of a computer program.

It performs all the basic logic, arithmetic, controlling and input/output operations that are specified by the instructions.

The CPU comprises of two units, Arithmetic logic unit (ALU) and control unit (CU).

Memory unit:

Once computer program instructions are converted into machine code by CPU, the machine code is stored in memory.

Then the CPU fetches the required data and instructions from memory, perform the required operations and then sends the result and next set of instructions back to memory.

Input devices:

The devices used by the user to feed information to computer, such as a hard drive, keyboard, or a networking card.

These devices get the data from outside world into computer in the way that human eyes and ears bring the data to brain.

Output devices:

Output devices are used by computer to deliver information to user, such as a monitor, printer, and speaker.

The CPU takes machine code present in memory and converts it into a format that is required by monitor’s hardware.

Then the monitor’s hardware converts that information into different light intensities so that you see words or pictures.

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