Inorganic Chemistry
5th Edition
ISBN: 9780321811059
Author: Gary L. Miessler, Paul J. Fischer, Donald A. Tarr
Publisher: Prentice Hall
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Textbook Question
Chapter 3, Problem 3.5P
Show the possible resonance structures for nitrous oxide,
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Show the possible resonance structures for nitrous oxide, N2O (the central atom is nitrogen). Indicate nonzero formal charges where they are present. Which resonance structure gives the best representation of this molecule?
The carbonate anion, CO32- , is a resonance hybrid. Draw all of the important resonance structures for this molecule. If an atom has a nonzero formal charge, be sure the formal charge is shown clearly in the structure. Use the resonance structures to calculate the average formal charge on each O atom (which are all equivalent in the "true" structure). [Note: all of the important contributing resonance structures have octets around each atom that desires an octet.]
The structure of nitric acid (HNO3), shown below, is incorrect. Which of the following statements, or combin
statements, best describes the reason?
The structure should have a +1 formal charge.
oo many valence electrons in the molecule.
e central Natom violates the octet rule.
central N atom does not have a lone pair.
HO
:0=2
Chapter 3 Solutions
Inorganic Chemistry
Ch. 3.1 - Use electron-dot diagrams and formal charges to...Ch. 3.2 - Predict the structures of the following ions....Ch. 3.2 - Prob. 3.3ECh. 3.2 - Which molecule has the smallest bond angle in each...Ch. 3.2 - Briefly account for the following observations: a....Ch. 3.2 - Does this approach work for different steric...Ch. 3 - The dimethyldithiocarbamate ion, [S2CN( CH 3 )2]-...Ch. 3 - Several resonance structures are possible for each...Ch. 3 - Draw the resonance structures for the...Ch. 3 - Three isomers having the formula N2CO are known:...
Ch. 3 - Show the possible resonance structures for nitrous...Ch. 3 - Nitric acid, which exists as HNO3 molecules in the...Ch. 3 - L. C. Allen has suggested that a more meaningful...Ch. 3 - Give Lewis dot structures and sketch the shapes of...Ch. 3 - Give Lewis dot structures and sketch the shapes of...Ch. 3 - Give Lewis dot structures and sketch the shapes of...Ch. 3 - Explain the trends in bond angles and bond lengths...Ch. 3 - Select from each set the molecule or ¡on having...Ch. 3 - a. Compare the structures of the azide ion, N3 ,...Ch. 3 - Consider the series OCl2,O( CH3)2 , and O( SiH3)2...Ch. 3 - Two ions isoelectronic with carbon suboxide, C3O2...Ch. 3 - Explain the following: a. Ethylene, C2H4 , is a...Ch. 3 - Explain the following: a. PCI5 is a stable...Ch. 3 - X-ray crystal structures of ClOF3 and BrOF3 have...Ch. 3 - Make the following comparisons about the molecules...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.20PCh. 3 - A solution containing the lO2F2 ion reacts slowly...Ch. 3 - The XeOF3 anion has been reported recently (D. S....Ch. 3 - Predict the structure of l(CF3)Cl2 . Do you expect...Ch. 3 - a. Which has the longer axial PF distance, PF2(...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.25PCh. 3 - SeCl62,TeCl62 , and CIF6 are all octahedral, but...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.27PCh. 3 - The thiazyldichloride ion, NSCl2- , is...Ch. 3 - Sketch the most likely structure of PCl3Br2 and...Ch. 3 - a. Are the CF3 groups in PCl3( CF3)2 more likely...Ch. 3 - Of the molecules C1SO2CH3,C1SO2CF3 , and ClSO2CCl3...Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.32PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.33PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.34PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.35PCh. 3 - Although the CF distances and the FCF bond angles...Ch. 3 - The Cl...Cl distance in CCl4 is 289 pm, and the...Ch. 3 - The FCF angle in F2CO , shown here, is 109.5°; the...Ch. 3 - Compounds in which hydrogen is the outer atom can...Ch. 3 - For each of the following bonds, indicate which...Ch. 3 - Give Lewis dot structures and shapes for the...Ch. 3 - Give Lewis dot structures and sketch the shapes...Ch. 3 - Which of the molecules in Problem 3.41 are polar?Ch. 3 - Which of the molecules in Problem 3.42 are polar?Ch. 3 - Prob. 3.45PCh. 3 - Prob. 3.46P
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- Formamide, HC(O)NH2, is prepared at high pressures from carbon monoxide and ammonia, and serves as an industrial solvent (the parentheses around the O indicate that it is bonded only to the carbon atom and that the carbon atom is also bonded to the H and the N atoms). Two resonance forms (one with formal charges) can be written for formamide. Write both resonance structures, and predict the bond angles about the carbon and nitrogen atoms for each resonance form. Are they the same? Describe how the experimental determination of the HNH bond angle could be used to indicate which resonance form is more important.arrow_forwardWrite all resonance structures of chlorobenzene, C6H5Cl, a molecule with the same cyclic structure as benzene. In all structures, keep the CCl bond as a single bond. Which resonance structures are the most important?arrow_forwardWhat is the formal charge on the indicated atom in each of the following species? (a) sulfur in SO2 (b) nitrogen in N2H4 (c) each oxygen atom in ozone, O3arrow_forward
- Draw resonance formulas of the phosphoric acid molecule, (HO)3PO. Obtain formal charges for the atoms in these resonance formulas. From this result, which resonance formula would you expect to most closely approximate the actual electron distribution?arrow_forwardUsing the bond dissociation enthalpies in Table 8.8, estimate the enthalpy of combustion of gaseous methane, CH4, to give water vapor and carbon dioxide gas.arrow_forwardWrite all possible resonance structures for the following species. Assign a formal charge to each atom. In each case, which resonance structure is the most important? (a) NO2 (nitrogen is central) (b) ClCNarrow_forward
- Oxygen gas reacts with sulfur tetrafluoride to slowly form sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide gas. Balance the equation for the formation of sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide. chemical reaction: 0,(g) + SF (g) → OSF,(g) Draw the Lewis structure of OSF, where the formal charge is zero on each atom. The sulfur atom is the central atom in the structure, and it is bonded to the oxygen atom and each of the four fluorine atoms. Select Draw Rings More Erase Use the bond energies in the table to estimate the enthalpy of reaction for the formation of sulfur tetrafluoride monoxide. étv Aaarrow_forwardP3- ion is a linear ion composed of 3 phosphorus atoms. Draw 3 resonance structures of this ion. Show the individual formal charges of all atoms. Indicate which structure is the best one.arrow_forwardCarbon, nitrogen, and oxygen form two different polyatomic ions: cyanate ion (NCO) and fulminate ion (CNO). Write Lewis structures for each anion, including near-equivalent resonance structures (do not add any arrows between structures) and indicating formal charges. The isocyanate ion also has two near-equivalent structures, but the formal charge on the nitrogen attom cannot be reduced to zero: Cyanate ion (NCO)arrow_forward
- Complete the following Lewis structures for the HONS molecule by adding dots for unshared valence electrons and indicating formal charges. Evaluate the importance of each structure as a contributor to a resonance hybrid. H – 0 – N = S, H–0 = N – Sarrow_forwardFor the phosphoric acid molecule (H3PO4), all four oxygen atoms are bonded to the central phosphorus atom and the three hydrogen atoms are bonded to different oxygen atoms. Several resonance structures can be drawn for H3PO4 but one structure is more important than the others. In the most important structure, the phosphorus atom has: a formal charge of +1 and a complete octet a formal charge of zero and a complete octet a formal charge of −1 and an expanded octet a formal charge of +5 and an expanded octet a formal charge of zero and an expanded octetarrow_forwardAn incomplete Lewis structure is shown below. The structure only shows the atoms and how they are connected. The molecule has a net charge of zero. H Н—N—С- -о—с—Н H H Complete the Lewis structure giving all atoms full octets. If there is more than one way to do this, draw resonance structures showing all possibilities. If not, just draw one Lewis structure. Be sure to write in any non-zero formal charges. Click and drag to start drawing a structure.arrow_forward
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