Problem 3.1P: What is 1cal in SI units and what is the name given to 1Nm ? Problem 3.2P: A car engine is rated at 110kW . What is the power in hp? Problem 3.3P: Why do we write E or E2E1 , whereas we write 1Q2 and 1W2 ? Problem 3.4P: If a process in a control mass increases energy E2E10 , can you say anything about the sign for 1Q2... Problem 3.5P: Assume a physical setup as in Fig. P3.6(a). We now heat the cylinder. What happens to P, T, and v... Problem 3.6P: Figure P3.6 shows three physical situations. Show the possible process in a Pv diagram. Problem 3.7P: For the indicated physical setup in (a), (b), and (c) in Fig. P3.6, write a process equation and the... Problem 3.8P: Assume the physical situation in Fig. P3.6b; what is the work term a, b, c, or d? a. w21=P1(v2v1) b.... Problem 3.9P: Figure P3.9 shows three physical situations; show the possible process in a Pv diagram. Problem 3.10P: That can you say about the beginning state of the R410A in Fig.P3.6c versus that in Fig. P3.9c for... Problem 3.11P: A thermopane window traps some gas between the two glass panes. Why is this beneficial? Problem 3.12P Problem 3.13P Problem 3.14P: The electric bill is calculating usage in kWh. Explain that in terms of energy. Problem 3.15P Problem 3.16P Problem 3.17P Problem 3.18P: You heat a gas 10K at P=C . Which one in Table A.5 requires most energy? Why? Problem 3.19P: You mix 20C water with 50C water in an open container. What do you need to know to determine the... Problem 3.20P: A piston motion moves a 25kg hammerhead vertically 1m from rest to a ve1oci of 50m/s in a stamping... Problem 3.21P: A pump pushes 1000m3 of liquid water at 15C up to a reservoir at 200m higher elevation. How much... Problem 3.22P: A 1200kg car accelerates from zero to 100km/h over a distance of 400m . The road at the end of the... Problem 3.23P: A hydraulic hoist raises a 1750kg car 1.8m in an auto repair shop. The hydraulic pump has a constant... Problem 3.24P Problem 3.25P: A hydraulic cylinder of area 0.01m2 must push a 1000kg arm and shovel 0.5m straight up. What... Problem 3.26P: A hydraulic cylinder has a piston cross-sectional area of 10cm2 and a fluid pressure of 2MPa . If... Problem 3.27P: A bulldozer pushes 800kg of din l00m with a force of 1500N . It then lifts the din 3m up to put it... Problem 3.28P: Two hydraulic cylinders maintain a pressure of 1200kPa One has a cross-sectional area of 0.01m2 the... Problem 3.29P: A motor delivers 50hp on a drive shaft at 1800rpm . What are the angular velocity and the torque on... Problem 3.30P: Solve Problem 3.24, but assume that the steam pressure in the cylinder starts at 1000kPa , dropping... Problem 3.31P: The R4l0A in Problem 3.1 2c is at 1000kPa,50C with a mass of 0.1kg . It is cooled so that the volume... Problem 3.32P: A 400L tank, A (see Fig. P3.32), contains argon gas at 250kPa and 30C . Cylinder B, having a... Problem 3.33P: A piston/cylinder assembly contains 2kg of liquid water at 20C and 300kPa , as shown in Fig. P3.33.... Problem 3.34P: Heat transfer to a 1.5kg block of ice at -10C melts it to liquid at 10C in a kitchen. How much work... Problem 3.35P: A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston contains 5kg of superheated R134a vapor at 1000kPa and... Problem 3.36P: A piston cylinder contains 2kg of water at 20C with a volume of 0.1m3 . By mistake someone locks the... Problem 3.37P: A nitrogen gas goes through a polytropic process with n=1.2 in a piston/cylinder. It starts out at... Problem 3.38P: Helium gas expands from 125kPa,350K and 0.25m3 to l00kPa in a polytropic process with n=1.667 . How... Problem 3.39P: A balloon behaves so that the pressure is P=C2V1/3 and C2=l00kPa/m . The balloon is blown up with... Problem 3.40P: A 15cm thick concrete wall, k=1.28W/mK , has a temperature difference between the two sides of 20C .... Problem 3.41P: The brake shoe and steel drum of a car continuously absorb 75W as the car slows down. Assume a total... Problem 3.42P Problem 3.43P: A power plant condenser (heat exchanger) transfers l00MW from steam running in a pipe to seawater... Problem 3.44P Problem 3.45P: A steel Pot, with conductivity of 15W/m and a 50mm thick boom, is filled with 15CC liquid water. The... Problem 3.46P: A wall surface on a house is 30C with an emissivity of =0.7 . The surroundings are at 15C with an... Problem 3.47P: A radiant heat lamp is a rod, tong and in diameter through which of electric energy is deposited... Problem 3.48P: A radiant beating lamp has a surface temperature of 1000K with =0.8 . How large a surface area is... Problem 3.49P: Determine the phase of the following substances and find the values of the unknown quantities a.... Problem 3.50P: Find the phase and the missing properties of P, T, v, u, and x for water at a. 500kPa,100C b.... Problem 3.51P: Indicate the location of the four states in Problem 3.50 as points in both the Pv and Tv diagrams. Problem 3.52P: Find the missing property of P, T, y, u, h, and x and indicate the states in a Pv and a Tv diagram... Problem 3.53P: Find the missing properties for carbon dioxide at a. 20C,2MPa:v=?andh=? b. 10C,x=0.5:T=?,u=? c.... Problem 3.54P: Find the missing property of P, T, y, u, h, and x and indicate the states in a Pv and a Tv diagram... Problem 3.55P: Saturated liquid water at 20C is compressed to a higher pressure with constant temperature Find the... Problem 3.56P: Consider a steel bottle as a CV. It contains carbon dioxide at 20C , quality 20 . It has a safety... Problem 3.57P: A piston cylinder contains water with quality 75 at 200kPa . Slow expansion is performed while there... Problem 3.59P: Problem 3.137 and write the left-hand side (storage change) of the conservation equations for mass... Problem 3.60P: Saturated vapor R410A at 0C in a rigid tank is cooled to 20C . Find the specific heat transfer. Problem 3.61P: A constant-pressure piston/cylinder assembly contains 0.2kg of water as saturated vapor at 400kPa .... Problem 3.62P: A container is split in two equal volumes by a stiff membrane. One part is evacuated and the other... Problem 3.63P: A cylinder fined with a frictionless piston contains 2kg of superheated refrigerant R134a vapor as... Problem 3.64P: A piston/cylinder contains 1.5kg of water at 200kPa,150C . It is now heated by a process in which... Problem 3.65P: Ammonia (0.5kg) in a piston cy1tnde at 200kPa,10C is heated by a process in which pressure vanes... Problem 3.66P: A water-filled reactor with a volume of 1m3 is at 20 MPa and 360°C and is placed inside a... Problem 3.67P: A rigid 1kg steel tank holds 0.75kg ammonia at 70C as saturated vapor. The tank and content is now... Problem 3.68P Problem 3.69P: A piston/cylinder arrangement with a linear spring similar to Fig. P3.33 contains R-134a at... Problem 3.70P Problem 3.71P: Assume the same setup as in Problem 3.66. but the room has a volume of 100m3 . Show that the final... Problem 3.72P: A rigid steel tank contains 0.5kgR410A at 0°C with a specific volume of 0.01m3/kg . The whole system... Problem 3.73P: Redo the previous problem when you also consider the tank to be 2kg of steel with the same T as the... Problem 3.74P Problem 3.75P: Supetheated refrigerant R-134a at 20°C and 100 kPa is cooled in a piston cylinder arrangement at... Problem 3.76P: In a sink, 5 L of water at 70°C is combined with 1 kg of aluminum pots, 1 kg of silverware (steel),... Problem 3.77P Problem 3.78P: A copper block of volume 1 L s heat treated at 500°C and now cooled in a 200-L oil bath small at... Problem 3.79P: A car with mass 1275 kg is driven at 60 km h when the brakes are applied quickly to decrease its... Problem 3.80P: A piston cylinder (0.5 kg steel altogether) maintaining a constant pressure has 0.2kgR134a as... Problem 3.81P: An engine, shown in Fig P3.81, consists of a 100kg cast iron block with a 20kg aluminum head, 20kg... Problem 3.82P: Use the ideal gas air A.7 to evaluate the specific heat Cp at 300 K as a slope of the curve h(T) by... Problem 3.83P: Estimate the constant specific heats for R-134a from Table B.52 at l00 kPa and 125°C. Compare this... Problem 3.84P: Find the change in u for carbon dioxide between 600 K and 1200 K using (a) Table A.5. (b) Table A.6... Problem 3.85P: Nitrogen at 300 K. 3 MPa is heated to 500 K Find the change in enthalpy using (a) Table B.2.1. (b)... Problem 3.86P: Repeat Problem 3.84 for nitrogen gas. Problem 3.87P: Find the change in enthalpy for carbon dioxide going from 500 to 1500 K by integrating the equation... Problem 3.88P: Water at 20°C and 100 kPa is brought to l00 kPa and 1500°C. Find the change in the specific internal... Problem 3.89P Problem 3.90P: A rigid container has 2 kg of oxygen gas at l00 kPa and 1200 K that is heated to 1400 K. Solve for... Problem 3.91P: Air (3kg) is in a piston cylinder similar to Fig.P3.6(a) at 27C,300kPa , It is now heated to 500 K... Problem 3.92P: A 10-m-high cylinder. with a cross-sectional area of 0.1m2 , has a massless piston at the bottom... Problem 3.93P: A cylinder with a piston restrained by a linear spring contains 2 kg of carbon dioxide at 500 kPa... Problem 3.94P: A constant pressure container is filled with 1 kg of stainless steel and 0.5 kg of PVC (polyvinyl... Problem 3.95P: A spring-loaded piston cylinder contains 1.5kg of air at 27°C and 160 kPaIt is now heated to 900 K... Problem 3.96P: An insulated cylinder is divided into two pans of 1 m3 each by an initially locked piston, as shown... Problem 3.97P: Helium gas expands from 125 kPa, 350 K and 0.25m3 to l00 kPa in a polytropic process with n=1.667 .... Problem 3.98P: A piston cylinder device contains 0.1 kg of air at 300 K and 100 kPa. The air is now slowly... Problem 3.99P: A gasoline engine has a piston/cylinder with 0.1 kg air at 4MPa,1527C after combustion, and this is... Problem 3.100P: Solve the previous problem using Table A.7. Problem 3.101P: A piston/cylinder has nitrogen gas at 750 K and 1500 kPa, as shown in Fig P3.101. Now it is expanded... Problem 3.102P: A piston/cylinder assembly has 1 kg of propane gas at 700 kPa and 40°C. The piston crosssectional... Problem 3.103P: A piston cylinder arrangement of initial volume 0.025m3 contains saturated water vapor at 180°C. The... Problem 3.104P: A piston/cylinder assembly in a car contains 0.2 L of air at 90 kPa and 20°C, similar to Fig P3.101.... Problem 3.105P: Air goes through a polytropic process with n=1.3 in a piston/cylinder setup. It starts at 2200... Problem 3.106P: Saturated vapor R410A at 10°C of mass 0.6 kg is in a piston/cylinder setup. It is now compressed to... Problem 3.107P: A helium gas heated at constant volume from 100 ka, 300 K to 500 K. A following process expands the... Problem 3.108P: A piston/cylinder shown in Fig. P3.108 contains 0.5m3 of R-410A at 2 MPa,150°C. The piston mass and... Problem 3.109P: A piston/cylinder has water at 200 kPa, x=0.5 and the cylinder has a stop similar to Fig. P3.6c. The... Problem 3.110P: Ten kilograms of water in a piston/cylinder arrangement exists as saturated liquid vapor at 100 kPa,... Problem 3.111P: Water in piston/cylinder (Fig. P3.111) is a 101kPa, 25°C, and mass 0.5 kg. The piston rests on some... Problem 3.112P: A setup lake the one in Fig P3.108 has the R-410A initially at 1000 kPa, 50°C of mass 0.1 kg. The... Problem 3.113P: The piston/cylinder inFig. P3.113 contains 0.1 kg water at 500°C, 1000 kPa. The piston has a stop at... Problem 3.114P: A piston/cylinder arrangement contains 5 kg of water at 100°C with x=20 and the piston, of mp=150kg... Problem 3.115P: A piston/cylinder setup similar to Problem 3.110 contain, 0.1 kg of saturated liquid and vapor water... Problem 3.116P: A piston/cylinder contains air at 1000 kPa, 800 K with a volume of 0.05m3 . The pistonis pressed... Problem 3.117P Problem 3.118P: A 100-hp car engine has a drive shaft rotating at 2000 RPM. How much torque is on the shaft for 25%... Problem 3.119P Problem 3.120P: As fresh-poured concrete hardens, the chemical transformation releases energy at a rate of 2 W/kg.... Problem 3.121P: A 1.2-kg pot of water at 20°C is put on a stove supplying 250 W to the water. How long will it take... Problem 3.122P: A computer in a closed room of volume 200m3 dissipates energy at a rate of 5 kW. The room has 500 kg... Problem 3.123P: A 500-W heater is used to melt 2 kg of solid ice at 10°C to liquid at +5°C at a constant pressure of... Problem 3.124P: A 3-kg mass of nitrogen gas at 2000 K, V=C , cools with 500 W. What is dT/dt? Problem 3.125P: Electric power as volts times amperes (P=Vi) . When a car battery at 12 V is charged with 6 amps for... Problem 3.126P: A copper wire of diameter 2 mm is 10m long and stretched out between two posts. The normal stress... Problem 3.127P: A battery is well insulated while being charged by 12.3 V at a current of6A. Take the battery as a... Problem 3.128P: A sheet of rubberis stretched out over a ring of radius 0.25 m. I pour liquid water at 20°C on it,... Problem 3.129P: Assume a balloon material with a constant surface tension of =N/m . What is the work required to... Problem 3.130P: A soap bubble has a surface tension of =3104N/cm as it sits flat on a rigid ring of diameter 5 cm.... Problem 3.131P: According to Table 3.4 residential buildings in US use 22.2% of the total energy. If that is spread... Problem 3.132P: total energy use in the US from Table 3.4 for 2011 and find the population online to compare with... Problem 3.133P: A wind turbine with 20m diameter rotors spins at 15 rpm and produces 1.5 MW. Find the wing tip... Problem 3.134P Problem 3.135P: A house is being designed to use a thick concrete floor mass as thermal storage material for solar... Problem 3.136P: A solar pond with 20°C salt water, Cp=3.8kJ/kg-K has a 125m2 surface area 0.5 m depth and it... Problem 3.137P Problem 3.138P: A rigidtank is divided into tworooms,both containing water,bya valve, similarto Fig... Problem 3.139P: A piston/cylinder has a water volume separated in VA=0.2m3 and VB=0.3m3 by a stiff membrane (Fig.... Problem 3.140P: The cylinder volume below the constant loaded piston has two compartments, A and B, filled with... Problem 3.141P: Air in tank B is at 200 kPa, 280 K and mass 1 kg. It is connected to an empty piston/cylinder with a... Problem 3.142P: A piston/cylinder setup (Fig P3.110) contains 1 kg of water at 200 kPa,x=0.9 . The piston mass and... Problem 3.143P: Two kilograms of water is contained in a piston/cylinder (Fig. P3.143) loaded with a linear spring... Problem 3.144P: A piston cylinder has 0.1 kg water at x=0.5 , 120°C maintaining constant pressure. It is now put in... Problem 3.145P: A piston/cylinder arrangement has the piston loaded with outside atmospheric pressure and the piston... Problem 3.146P: A vertical/cylinder (Fig. P3.146) has a 61.18-kg piston locked with a pin, trapping 10 L of R-410A... Problem 3.147P: Water in a piston/cylinder, similar to Fig P3.110, is at 100°C, x=0.5 with mass 1 kg, and the piston... Problem 3.148P: A rigid container has two rooms filled with water, each of 1m3 , separated by a valve (see Fig.... Problem 3.149P Problem 3.150P: A piston/cylinder setup, similar to Fig. P3.143, contains R-410A at 20°C, x=20 . The volume is 0.2m3... Problem 3.151P: A spherical balloon contains 2 kg of R-410A at 0°C with a quality of30%. This system is heated until... Problem 3.152P Problem 3.153EP Problem 3.154EP: Work as Fx has units of lbf ft. What is that in Btu? Problem 3.155EP: Work in the expression in Eq. 3.18 or Eq. 3.22 involves PV. For P in psia and V in ft3, how does PV... Problem 3.156EP Problem 3.157EP Problem 3.158EP: You heat a gas 20 R at P=C . Which gas in Table F.4 requires most energy? Why? Problem 3.159EP: A piston motion moves a 50-lbm hammerhead vertically down 3 ft from rest to a velocity of 150 ft/s... Problem 3.160EP: A pump pushes 35000ft3 of liquid water at 60 F up to a reservoir at 600 ft higher elevation. How... Problem 3.161EP Problem 3.162EP Problem 3.163EP Problem 3.164EP: A car with tires of outer radius 12 in. drives with 50 mi/h up a hill using 50 hp. How much traction... Problem 3.165EP: The R-410A in Problem 3.9(c) is at 150 psia, 120 F with a mass of 0.2 lbm. It is cooled so that the... Problem 3.166EP Problem 3.167EP: A nitrogen gas goes through apolytropic process with n=1.3 in a piston/cylinder. It starts out as... Problem 3.168EP: Find the rate of conduction heat transfer per unit area through a 2 in. thick brick, k=0.4Btu/h-ft-R... Problem 3.169EP: The sun shines on a 1500-ft2 road surface so that it is at 115 F. Below the 2-in. -thick asphalt,... Problem 3.170EP: Find the missing properties and give the phase of the substance.... Problem 3.171EP: Find the missing properties among (P,T,v,u,h) together with x, if applicable, and give the phase of... Problem 3.172EP: Find the missing properties among (P,T,v,u,h) together with x, if applicable, and give the phase of... Problem 3.173EP: Saturated vapor R-410A at 60 F in a rigid tank is cooled to 0 F. Find the specific heat transfer. Problem 3.174EP: A containeris split in two equal volumes by a stiff membrane. One pan is evacuated and the other... Problem 3.175EP: Saturated vapor R-410A at 200 psia in a constant-pressure piston/cylinder is heated to 140 F. Find... Problem 3.176EP: A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston contains 4 lbm of superheated refrigerant R-134a vapor... Problem 3.177EP Problem 3.178EP: A water-filled reactor with a volume of 50ft3 is 2000lbf/in.2 , 560 F and placed inside a... Problem 3.179EP Problem 3.180EP: A piston/cylinder arrangement with a linear spring similar to Fig. P3.33 contains R-134a at 60 F,... Problem 3.181EP Problem 3.182EP Problem 3.183EP Problem 3.184EP Problem 3.185EP Problem 3.186EP: A closed rigid container is filled with 3 lbm water at 1 atm, 130 F, 2 lbm of stainless steel and 1... Problem 3.187EP: An insulated cylinder is divided into two parts of 10ft3 each by an initially locked piston. Side A... Problem 3.188EP: Helium gas expands from 20 psia, 600 R, and 9ft3 to 15 psia in a polytropic process with n=1.667 .... Problem 3.189EP Problem 3.190EP: A cylinder fitted with a frictionless piston contains R-134a at 100 F, 80% quality, at which point... Problem 3.191EP Problem 3.192EP: A piston/cylinder contains air at 150 psia, 1400 R with a volume of 1.75ft3 . The piston is pressed... Problem 3.193EP: A piston/cylinder has 2 lbm of R-134a at state 1 with 200 F, 90lbf/in.2 , and is then brought to... Problem 3.194EP: A force of 300 lbf moves a truck at a speed of 40 mi/h up a hill. What is the power? Problem 3.195EP Problem 3.196EP: Water is in a piston/cylinder maintaining constant P at 330 F, quality 90%, with a volume of 4ft3 .... Problem 3.197EP: A mass of 6 lbm nitrogen gas at 3600 R, V=C , cools with 1 Btu/s. What is dT/dt? Problem 3.198EP Problem 3.199EP: Ammonia is contained in a sealed, rigid tank at 30 F, x=75 and is then heated to 200 F. Find the... Problem 3.200EP: Water in a piston/cylinder, similar to Fig. P3.110, is at 212 F, x=0.5 with mass 1 lbm and the... format_list_bulleted