Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9780134396026
Author: Frederic H. Martini, Judi L. Nath, Edwin F. Bartholomew
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 3, Problem 28RQ
Solutions A and B are separated by a selectively permeable barrier. Over time, the level of fluid on side A increases. Which solution initially had the higher concentration of solute?
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A blood cell with a 2% internal solute concentration is placed in a solution that has a 0.2% solute concentration. The solute is impermeable to the plasma membrane.
How would you classify the solution compared to the cell – hypotonic, hypertonic or isotonic? Why? (2 pts.)
B) Will the solutes move across the membrane? Why or why not?
C) What type of transport would occur in this situation – diffusion, facilitated diffusion, osmosis, active transport or bulk transport. Explain.
D) What would happen if the cell began to produce a new membrane protein that allowed the solutes to freely move in across the membrane? ould this change your answer to Part C? Explain.
Which process—diffusion, osmosis, or filtration—is utilized in the following situations? a. Injection of a drug that is hypertonic to the tissues stimulates pain. b. The urea concentration in the dialyzing fluid of an artificial kidney is decreased.
The intracellular salt content of a red blood cell is about 150 mM. The cell is put in a 500 mM salt beaker. (a) Describe what will happen to the cell in terms of osmosis if the cell membrane is permeable to water but not to ions. (b) Which direction would solutes diff use if the membrane was permeable to ions: into or out of the cell?
Chapter 3 Solutions
Fundamentals of Anatomy & Physiology (11th Edition)
Ch. 3 - List the general functions of the plasma membrane.Ch. 3 - Identify the components of the plasma membrane...Ch. 3 - Which component of the plasma membrane is...Ch. 3 - Which type of integral protein allows water, ions,...Ch. 3 - Prob. 5CPCh. 3 - What are the major differences between cytosol and...Ch. 3 - Prob. 7CPCh. 3 - Prob. 8CPCh. 3 - Explain why certain cells in the ovaries and...Ch. 3 - What does the presence of many mitochondria imply...
Ch. 3 - Describe the contents and structure of the...Ch. 3 - What is a gene?Ch. 3 - Define gene activation.Ch. 3 - Describe transcription and translation.Ch. 3 - What process would be affected by the lack of the...Ch. 3 - What is meant by the term selectively permeable...Ch. 3 - Define diffusion.Ch. 3 - List five factors that influence the diffusion of...Ch. 3 - How would a decrease in the concentration of...Ch. 3 - Define osmosis.Ch. 3 - Some pediatricians recommend using a 10 percent...Ch. 3 - Describe the process of carrier-mediated...Ch. 3 - The concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in the...Ch. 3 - Describe endocytosis.Ch. 3 - Describe exocytosis.Ch. 3 - What is the process called whereby certain types...Ch. 3 - What is the membrane potential of a cell, and in...Ch. 3 - If the plasma membrane of a cell were freely...Ch. 3 - Give the biological terms for (a) cellular...Ch. 3 - What enzymes must be present for DNA replication...Ch. 3 - Describe interphase, and identify its stages.Ch. 3 - A cell is actively manufacturing enough organelles...Ch. 3 - Define mitosis, and list its four stages.Ch. 3 - What would happen if spindle fibers failed to form...Ch. 3 - Define growth factor, and identify several growth...Ch. 3 - An illness characterized by mutations that disrupt...Ch. 3 - Define metastasis.Ch. 3 - Define cellular differentiation.Ch. 3 - Prob. 1RQCh. 3 - The process that transports solid objects such as...Ch. 3 - Plasma membranes are said to be (a) impermeable,...Ch. 3 - _____ ion concentration is high in extracellular...Ch. 3 - At resting membrane potential, the cytoplasmic...Ch. 3 - The organelle responsible for a variety of...Ch. 3 - The synthesis of a functional polypeptide using...Ch. 3 - Prob. 8RQCh. 3 - The movement of water across a membrane from an...Ch. 3 - Prob. 10RQCh. 3 - List the four basic concepts that make up the cell...Ch. 3 - What are four general functions of the plasma...Ch. 3 - What are the primary functions of membrane...Ch. 3 - By what three major transport mechanisms do...Ch. 3 - List five important factors that influence...Ch. 3 - What are the four major functions of the...Ch. 3 - Diffusion is important in body fluids, because it...Ch. 3 - Microvilli are found (a) mostly in muscle cells,...Ch. 3 - When a cell is placed in a(n) _____ solution, the...Ch. 3 - Suppose that a DNA segment has the following...Ch. 3 - Prob. 21RQCh. 3 - The sodium-potassium exchange pump (a) is an...Ch. 3 - If a cell lacked ribosomes, it would not be able...Ch. 3 - List, in sequence, the phases of the interphase...Ch. 3 - List the stages of mitosis, and briefly describe...Ch. 3 - (a) What is cytokinesis? (b) What is the role of...Ch. 3 - The transport of a certain molecule exhibits the...Ch. 3 - Solutions A and B are separated by a selectively...Ch. 3 - A molecule that blocks the ion channels lining...Ch. 3 - What is the benefit of having some of the cellular...Ch. 3 - List the general functions of the plasma membrane.Ch. 3 - Identify the components of the plasma membrane...
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- In the following diagram, identify the type of solution (hypertonic, hypotonic, or isotonic) in which each red blood cell is immersed.arrow_forwardDefine osmosis and describe the effects of placing red blood cells in the following solutions 1, Hypertonic salline solution (3%Nacl) 2, Hypertonic salline solution (0.45%Nacl) 3,Isotonic/normal salline (0.9%Nacl)arrow_forwardThe diagram below represents the process of diffusion through the cell membrane.Identify the condition of the membrane as permeable, semipermeable ornonpermeable. Explain how the condition of the cell membrane affects the process ofdiffusion. Remember to include the concentration gradient.arrow_forward
- One system consists of a permeable membrane with an intracellular concentration greater than the extracellular concentration. A second system is a semi-permeable membrane with intracellular concentration less than the extracellular concentration. Describe the solution type for each system. Group of answer choices The permeable membrane is hypotonic, the semi-permeable membrane is isotonic. Both systems are isotonic. The permeable membrane is isotonic, the semi-permeable membrane is hypertonic. The permeable membrane is isotonic, the semi-permeable membrane is hypotonic. The permeable membrane is hypertonic, the semi-permeable membrane is isotonic.arrow_forwardSolution A is hyperosmotic to solution B. If solution A is separatedfrom solution B by a selectively permeable membrane, does watermove from solution A into solution B, or vice versa? Explainarrow_forwardA membrane separates Solution A and Solution B. The membrane has a permeability of 2 x 105 cm/s to urea and has a surface area of 5 cm2. The concentration of urea in Solution A is 2 mg/mL. The initial rate of net diffusion of urea is 1 x 104 mg/s. What is the concentration of urea in Solution B?arrow_forward
- which of the following is a hypertonic solution (relative to body fluids)? Note: this can occur during a state of dehydration- 500mOsm, 100mOsm, or 300mOsm.arrow_forwardWhen two chambers are separated by a membrane permeable to water but not solute, if water is free to move in either direction without limitation or pressure, then water will move until the concentration of solute on both sides of the chamber is equal move until there is no water on the dilute side move until there is no water on the concentrated side move until the concentration of water on both sides of the chamber is equalarrow_forwardIn an investigation of osmosis, apple cores were submerged in different molarity solutions to determine the unknown osmolarity of the apple. To determine the molarity five uniform apple cores were massed before submerging them in different molarity solutions. After 24 hours the apple cores were massed again. Then the percent change in mass was determined for the five uniform apple cores in each molarity solution. (b) Identify the osmolarity of the apple.arrow_forward
- Please answer.... a) State which series depcit tubes that were placed in isotonic, hypertonic, and hypotonic environments. b) In the above graph, which tubes appear to show internal turgor pressure counteracting osmosis? Explain how you can tell this by looking at the graph.arrow_forwardWhich of the following occurs when red blood cells are transferred from an isotonic solution to a hypertonic solution?arrow_forwardThe beaker is divided into two compartments (C and D) that has equal volumes of solution separated by an artificial membrane that has a pore size of 23 Å (Angstrom). Explain the movement of solute after eight hours if comparment C has 17 % sucrose while the compartment D has 2 % sucrose (diameter of sucrose molecule = 9 Å (Angstrom))arrow_forward
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The Cell Membrane; Author: The Organic Chemistry Tutor;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=AsffT7XIXbA;License: Standard youtube license