Chapter 3, Problem 1MCQ

One property that distinguishes cells in domain Bacteria from those in domain Eukarya is the presence of

a. a cell wall

b. DNA

c. flagella

d. membranous organelles

Summary Introduction

Introduction:

Life is divided into three domains known as Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. Bacteria and Archaea are present the prokaryotes, which translates to the simplest and most ancient forms of life, whose cells lack a nucleus. The kingdom Eukarya belongs to eukaryotes.

Answer to Problem 1MCQ

Correct answer:

One property that distinguishes cells in domain Bacteria from those in domain Eukarya is the presence of membranous organelles. Hence, the correct answer is option d.

Explanation of Solution

Reason for correct answer:

Option d. is given as,“membranous organelles.”

The members domain bacteria do not contain membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, or chloroplast. On the contrary, the domain Eukarya is characterized by the presence of nucleus and membrane-bound organelles. This property distinguishes bacteria from eukaryotes. Hence, option d. is correct.

Reason for incorrect answer:

Option a. is given as, “a cell wall.”

The cell wall is present in both the domains of Bacteria and Eukarya. Bacterial cell wall is made up of peptidoglycan and helps in maintaining the shape of the cell. Cell wall is absent in animal cells. Cell wall in eukaryotes such as fungi is made up of chitin that provides structural support and protection to the cell. Hence, option a. is incorrect.

Option b. is given as, “DNA.”

DNA is present in both Bacteria and Eukarya. Bacterial DNA is present in the form of nucleoid. Eukaryotic cells have mitochondrial DNA and nuclear DNA which functions as the source of genetic information. Hence, option b. is incorrect.

Option c. is given as, “flagella.”

Flagella aids in the movement of cells, and it is present in the domains of Bacteria and Eukarya. Hence, option c. is incorrect.

Hence, the options a., b., and c. are incorrect.

Conclusion

The presence of membranous organelles distinguishes the members of domain Bacteria from the members of domain Eukarya. Thus, the correct answer is option d.