Prescott's Microbiology
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781260211887
Author: WILLEY, Sandman, Wood
Publisher: McGraw Hill
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Chapter 28.1, Problem 2.1CC
Summary Introduction
The growth or development of all the living organisms depends upon the obtainability of mineral nutrients. Nitrogen is a mineral and also a crucial constituent of the bodies of all the living organisms as the nitrogen atoms are present in DNA and all proteins. In the atmosphere, nitrogen exists as nitrogen (N2) gas. During nitrogen fixation, bacteria transform N2 into ammonia. Ammonia is a form of nitrogen, which can be readily used by plants.
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Regarding nitrogen fixation, are the following statements True or False?
a) Atmospheric nitrogen is reduced to the biologically useful form NH3 (or NH4 ).
b) Nitrogen fixation in nature and in the lab requires a metal cofactor or catalyst.
c) The availability of fixed nitrogen limits biological productivity.
d) Ammonium from the atmosphere is fixed to more usable forms of nitrogen, such as nitrite (NO2–).
e) Nitrogen fixation is energetically neutral, using a negligible amount of ATP.
f) The enzyme nitrogenase, which takes part in nitrogen fixation, is inactivated by oxygen.
What product is generated by assimilation in the nitrogen cycle.
Define nitrogen fixation. What organisms are capable of nitrogen fixation?
Chapter 28 Solutions
Prescott's Microbiology
Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 1MICh. 28.1 - What microbes are capable of methanogenesis and...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 1.1CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 1.2CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 1.3CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 1.4CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 1.5CCCh. 28.1 - What are the products of denitrification,...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 2.1CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 2.2CC
Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 2.3CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 2.4CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 4MICh. 28.1 - Prob. 5MICh. 28.1 - Compare the products of dissimilatory sulfate...Ch. 28.1 - Prob. 3.2CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 3.3CCCh. 28.1 - Prob. 3.4CCCh. 28.1 - Suggest how a chemolithoautotroph might link the...Ch. 28.2 - What organisms benefit from nitrification?Ch. 28.2 - List three greenhouse gases. Discuss their...Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 28.2 - How do changes in the nitrogen cycle caused by...Ch. 28.2 - Prob. 4CCCh. 28 - Prob. 1RCCh. 28 - Prob. 2RCCh. 28 - Prob. 3RCCh. 28 - Prob. 5RCCh. 28 - Prob. 6RCCh. 28 - Prob. 7RCCh. 28 - Prob. 8RCCh. 28 - Prob. 1ALCh. 28 - A bacterium isolated from sewage sludge was...Ch. 28 - Prob. 3ALCh. 28 - Prob. 4AL
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- In terms of the nitrogen cycle and movement of electrons, what is the difference between nitrogen fixation and assimilatory nitrate reductionarrow_forwardSoil microorganisms, collectively referred to as dizotrophs, fix 90% of the inert nitrogen gas to ammonium and nitrate. There are two-main types of nitrogen-fixing bacteria: free-living (nonsymbiotic) and mutualistic (symbiotic). Describe the mutualistic relationship between Rhizobium and legumes. What is the advantage of using legumes as a cover crop in agricultural systems? A point of interest is that the nitrogenase enzyme complex is highly sensitive to oxygen. This is a major problem for free-living aerobic species such as cyanobacteria and species of the genera Azotobacter and Beiigrinckia. Describe two ways the bacteria can overcome to levels of oxygen in their cells.arrow_forwardIn the nitrogen cycle the Assimilation process is a metabolic reaction: anabolic, catabolic, endergonic, exergonic, heterotrophic or autotrophic.arrow_forward
- The following carbon sources can be used for nutrition, by at least some heterotrophic organisms, except: CH3COOH CH3OH CO2 CH4 HCOOHarrow_forwardof biologically available nitrogen? What inorganic nitrogen pool is composed of N2 and in the ultimate source (one word)arrow_forwardWhich of the following is not correct about nitrogen fixation? Carried out only by few prokaryotic organisms termed diazotrophs It requires metabolic energy None of the above Enzyme that catalyzes the reduction of nitrogen is termed as nitrogenase complexarrow_forward
- Figure 22.19 Which of the following statements about the nitrogen cycle is false? Nitrogen fixing bacteria exist on the root nodules of legumes and in the soil. Denitrifying bacteria convert nitrates (NO3 ) into nitrogen gas (N2). Ammonification is the process by which ammonium ion (NH4+) is released from decomposing organic compounds. Nitrification is the process by which nitrites (NO2-) are converted to ammonium ion (NH4+).arrow_forwardList the main features of the nitrogen cycle.arrow_forwardOrganic forms of nitrogen are converted to inorganic forms via what process? a)photosynthesis b)consumption c)nitrogen fixation d)decompositionarrow_forward
- Identify microorganisms responsible for nitrogen fixationarrow_forwardNitrogen fixation and nitrate assimilation are the only ways biological systems can incorporate nitrogen into organic molecules. O True O Falsearrow_forwardWhat is nitrogen fixation?what are proteins involved?how do they participate in fixation nitrogenarrow_forward
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