BIOLOGY
12th Edition
ISBN: 9781260169614
Author: Raven
Publisher: RENT MCG
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Chapter 27, Problem 3U
Summary Introduction
Introduction: All life forms are classified into three main domains, namely archaea, bacteria, and eukarya. These three domains are classified based on the type of cells of the organisms. The prokaryotes are unicellular microorganisms that lack membrane-bounded organelles and nucleus.
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Which of the following statement about the bacterial cell wall is INCORRECT?
a. The cell wall is relatively nonpermeable and restricts the passage of sugars and amino acids.
b. Gram-positive cells have more peptidoglycan in theircell walls than Gram-negative cells.
c. Gram-negative cells have a membrane both inside andoutside their cell walls.
d. The cell wall establishes a bacterium’s shape as a coccus,bacillus, or spirillum.
Which of the following is NOT true about gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria?
a. None of the other four answers (all are true)
b. Gram-negatives have thicker cell walls than gram-positives
c. Cell walls are made of peptidoglycan in both gram-positives and gram-negatives
d. Peptidoglycan has a carbohydrate (NAG/NAM) backbone cross-linked by chains of amino acids
e. Gram-negatives have an outer membrane outside of the cell wall, composed of lipopolysaccharide
was used by Joseph Lister to clean wounds and surgical instruments: A.Antibiotics
b.Chlorine water Carbonic acid dAntitoxins
e. Carbolic acid
Which one of the following does not apply to the bacterial glycocalyx?
It is not responsible for virulency
b .It allows the organism to resist drying
C. It may allow an organism to resist phagocytosis
d.It is composed of carbohydrates
E. It is enclosed by the cell wall
Chapter 27 Solutions
BIOLOGY
Ch. 27.1 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.1 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.1 - Describe classification systems for prokaryotes.Ch. 27.2 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.2 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.2 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27.3 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.3 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.3 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27.4 - Describe the metabolic strategies employed by...
Ch. 27.4 - Compare and contrast the ways prokaryotes can...Ch. 27.5 - Describe the role of prokaryotes in biogeochemical...Ch. 27.5 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.5 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27.6 - Prob. 1LOCh. 27.6 - Prob. 2LOCh. 27.6 - Prob. 3LOCh. 27 - Data analysis If the excision of an F plasmid Is...Ch. 27 - Prob. 1IQCh. 27 - Prob. 1UCh. 27 - A bacteria that obtains carbon from the atmosphere...Ch. 27 - Prob. 3UCh. 27 - Bacteria and archaebacteria may be distinguished...Ch. 27 - Prob. 5UCh. 27 - Prob. 6UCh. 27 - Prob. 7UCh. 27 - Prob. 1ACh. 27 - Prob. 2ACh. 27 - Prob. 3ACh. 27 - Prob. 4ACh. 27 - Prob. 5ACh. 27 - Some bacteria are capable of forming NH4+ from...Ch. 27 - Prob. 7ACh. 27 - Prob. 1SCh. 27 - Prob. 2SCh. 27 - Use of multiple antibiotics is not a bad idea if...Ch. 27 - Soil-based nitrogen-fixing bacteria appear to be...
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- The main difference between a gram-positive and a gram-negative bacteria, is that; a. Gram-positive has an extra outer layer of LPS on its cell wall Ob. Gram-negative has an extra outer layer of LPS on its cell wall Oc. Gram-negative does not get any color, when stained d. Gram-positive are too small to be visible under the microscopearrow_forwardA bacterium has the following characteristics:∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration∙ It can survive being boiled∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycanWhich of the following statements best describe the cell wall of this bacterium? Group of answer choices A. Its innermost layer is composed of a phospholipid bilayer. B. After it has been subjected to Gram staining, the cell should remain purple. C. It has an outer membrane of lipopolysaccharide. D. It is mostly composed of a complex, cross-linked polysaccharide.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is present in both gram-positive and gram-negative cell walls?a. an outer membrane b. peptidoglycanc. teichoic acidd. lipopolysaccharidesarrow_forward
- Which of the following pairs is mismatched? a. catalase: hydrogen peroxide production b. bactericidal permeability-increasing protein: binds LPS and kills Gram-negative bacteria c. elastase: basement membrane degradation d. NADPH oxidase: superoxide radical production e. gelatinase: iron sequestration f. paracrine: acts on neighboring cells.arrow_forwardMatch each group of bacteria with its best description. high G+C bacterial low G+C bacteria nonproteobacteria Proteobacteria deeply branching bacterial A. many thrive at high temperatures and in harsh environments; believed to similarities with ancient bacteria B. gram-positive group that includes the Actinobacteria C. gram-positive group that includes the Bacilli D. "gram-negative bacteria including the spirochetes, E. large group of gram-negative GFC group, and planctomy bacteria that includes five diverse classesarrow_forwardFor bacteria to infect cells, it produces an extracellular protease that destroys tissue structure particularly transmembrane proteins. The bacteria are grown in culture so that the protease can be isolated. Then the culture is centrifuged. In which sample would the protease be most likely found? A. Precipitate containing whole bacteria B. Cell-free filtrate; that is, the supernatant C. The lysate of the whole culture D. Lysed bacteria only E. All of thesearrow_forward
- Which of the following is NOT correct about single cell proteins? Lütfen birini seçin: O a. They are dried cells of microorganisms O b. They are primary metabolites O c. They are used for human food or animal feed O d. They are microbial cells themselves O e. They have high protein percentagesarrow_forwardDexaclomycin is an antibiotic that inhibits peptidoglycan formation. Given this information, what type of bacteria would dexaclomycin be most effective against? O a. Both Gram-negative and Gram-positive O b. Gram-negative c. O c. Gram-positive O d. This antibiotic would not be effective against either Gram-positive or Gram-negative bacteriaarrow_forwardA bacterium has the following characteristics: I. It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes , bacteriophages, and dehydration. II. It can survive being boiled. III. It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycan. Which of the following characteristics allows this bacteria to survive in a human who is taking penicillin pills? A. gram-negative cell wall B. peptidoglycan in the cell wall C. lipopolysaccharides in the cytoplasm D. long polypeptides in the cell wallarrow_forward
- A bacterium has the following characteristics:∙ It adheres to the human intestinal lining using a feature that protects it from phagocytes, bacteriophages, and dehydration∙ It can survive being boiled∙ It contains no plasmids and relatively little peptidoglycanWhich of the following characteristics allows this bacterium to adhere to the intestinal lining? Group of answer choices A. fimbriae B. pili C. an endospore D. a flagellumarrow_forwardGram negative bacteria lose crystal violet colour after alcohol treatment because of: Select one: a. Thick lipid layer, and thick peptidoglycan layer O b. Thin lipid content, and thin peptidoglycan layer O c. Thick lipid layer, and thin peptidoglycan layer d. Absence of peptidoglycan layer e. Thin lipid layer, and thick peptidoglycan layer Oarrow_forwardIn general, why might cell-wall inhibiting antimicrobial drugs be less effective on gram-negative bacteria compared to gram-positive bacteria? The gram-negative bacteria digest these drugs at a much higher rate than gram-positive bacteria. The mutation rate of gram-negative bacteria is much greater than that of gram-positive bacteria. The outer membrane of the gram-negative bacteria inhibits penetration of the drug. The peptidoglycan found in gram-positive bacteria is structurally different from that in gram-negative bacteria. The gram-negative bacteria do not synthesize peptidoglycan.arrow_forward
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