Chapter 26.4, Problem 14ATS

Fill in the blanks for the given equation by determining and drawing the intermediate and final product

write the mechanisms and products of these reactions

Another source of phosphorus in water is known as organic phosphorus which commonly finds its way into natural bodies of water from human and animal waste and food residues. If you wish to measure the phosphorus content due to organic matter in the water sample using the vanadomolybdophosphoric acid method, you must first "digest" the sample to convert the organic phosphorus to orthophosphate. O True O False

A discharge pipe releases small amounts of various alcohols from an industrial fermentation process into a lake. Local scientists would like to estimate the rate at which the alcohols are degrading in the lake. One of them, butanol (C4H9OH), is released to the lake at a rate of 20 kg/day. Butanol is measured in the lake water on several occasions at a concentration of 10-4 kg/m3; no butanol is detected in the inflowing stream. Average streamflow at the outlet of the lake is measured to be 3 x 104 m3/day. What is the magnitude of internal sinks of butanol? Assume there is not butanol exchange with the atmosphere.

Distinguish between intermediate products and final products.

Not y Given the following reaction: AH° = -118.7 kwatk CHAG)+ 02g) → C(s) + 2H20 2° ) E FI AH° = - 26.4 kcàl 1 C(s) + O 2(g) → CO (), AH° = – 67.7 kcal CO(g) + 2 → CO 2(g) O 20) Consider the combustion of meth ane, determine the AH° using Hess's Law. ΔΗ- CHAG) + 202(g) → CO2G) + 2H20» → CO 2(g) + 2H20u)

Alcohols are very useful starting materials for the production of many different compounds. The following conversions, starting with 1-butanol, can be carried out in two or more steps. Show the steps (reactants/catalysts) you would follow to carry out the conversions, drawing the formula for the organic product in each step. For each step, a major product must be produced. (See Exercise 62.) (Hint: In the presence of H+, an alcohol is converted into an alkene and water. This is the exact reverse of the reaction of adding water to an alkene to form an alcohol.) a. 1-butanol butane b. 1-butanol 2-butanone

In a time-resolved picosecond spectroscopy experiment, Sheps, Crowther, Carrier, and Crim (Journal of Physical Chemistry A, Vol. 110, 2006; pp. 30873092) generated chlorine atoms in the presence of pentane. The pentane was dissolved in dichloromethane, CH2C12. The chlorine atoms are free radicals and are very reactive. After a nanosecond the chlorine atoms have reacted with pentane molecules, removing a hydrogen atom to form HCl and leaving behind a pentane radical with a single unpaired electron. The equation is Cl (dcm) + C5H12(dcm) HCl(dcm) + C5H11 (dcm) where (dcm) indicates that a substance is dissolved in dichloromethane. Measurements of the concentration of chlorine atoms were made as a function of time at three different concentrations of pentane in the dichloromethane. These results are shown in the table. (a) Determine the order of the reaction with respect to chlorine. (b) Determine whether the reaction rate depends on the concentration of pentane in dichloromethane. If so, determine the order of the reaction with respect to pentane. (c) Explain why the concentration of pentane in dichloromethane does not affect the data analysis that you performed in part (a). (d) Write the rate law for the reaction and calculate the rate of reaction for a concentration of chlorine atoms equal to 1.0 M and a pentane concentration of 0.23 M. (e) Sheps, Crowther, Carrier, and Crim found that the rate of formation of HCl matched the rate of disappearance of Cl. From this they concluded that there were no intermediates and side reactions were not important. Explain the basis for this conclusion.

Triglycerides are composed of three fatty acids bonded to a glycerol backbone. Explore the structures and properties of triglycerides. The carbon-carbon double bonds of triglycerides will react with hydrogen gas in the presence of a metal catalyst such as Pt. This process will convert the unsaturated triglycerides to saturated triglycerides. What quantity in moles of H, gas would be required to convert this triglyceride to a fully saturated triglyceride? O O Question 19.c of 21 Fo Fo Fo 1 4 7 +/- 2 5 8 moles 3 6 9 0 Submit X с x 100 +