EBK WHAT IS LIFE? A GUIDE TO BIOLOGY
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9781319030810
Author: PHELAN
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 26, Problem 3MC
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Inflammation is the process by which non-specific immunity restricts spread of pathogens from a site of injury or infection.
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Which of the following is not a characteristic of inflammation?
a. inactivation of macrophages
b. increased vascular permeability and edema
c. vasodilation
d. pain
e. influx of leukocytes.
Which of the following leads to swelling seen in an inflammation?
a. Vasodilation
b. Complement activation
c. Phagocytosis by macrophages
d. Increased capillary permeability
The photomicrograph shows a section of synovium from the knee joint of a patient with rheumatoid
arthritis (RA). Which of the following are the most abundant cells in the inflammatory infiltrate?
A. Eosinophils
B. Langhans type giant cells
C. Lymphocytes and plasma cells
D. Neutrophils
E. Type A and B synovial cells
Chapter 26 Solutions
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- During the chemotaxis phase of the inflammatory response,a. C-reactive protein is secreted by damaged parenchymal cells in the tissue, which attracts neutrophils, which secrete leukotrienes and prostaglandins to attract macrophages; a purulent exudate is formed.b. Band cells respond to hyperthermia by producing TNF-α and interleukins, which then cause a left shift that results in the accumulation of neutrophils within the tissue.c. Damaged parenchymal cells release prostaglandins and leukotrienes to attract macrophages, causing a left shift and the formation of a purulent exudate.d. Cytokines, such as TNF-α, are released by damaged parenchymal cells, while leukotrienes and prostaglandins produced by neutrophils cause smooth muscle constriction and the further accumulation of leukocytes.arrow_forwardThe first step of the inflammatory process is about A. vasodilation. B. clot formation. C. vasoconstriction. D. phagocytosis.arrow_forwardWhich of the following signs is not characteristic of inflammation?a. rednessb. painc. coldd. swellingarrow_forward
- Which of the following is not a goal of inflammation? A. Deliver oxygen, nutrients, and chemical factors essential for tissue recovery B. Limit the spread of infectious agents C. Recruitment of immune defenses to the injured tissue D. Long-term tissue damagearrow_forwardWhich of the following events occur as part of a local acute inflammatory reaction? a. Vasodilation b. All of the above c. Increased capillary permeability d. Migration of phagocytic leukocytes to the areaarrow_forwardinterferons: a. cause inflammation b. inhibit viral infection c. aid in phagocytosis d. decrease the body temperaturearrow_forward
- Explain why each choice (a-d) is correct or incorrect. Which of the following examples below describes an autoimmune disease? a. Infection and death of T helper cells by a virus, resulting in a loss of adaptive immunity b. Release of bacterial endotoxins that block acetylcholine release result in muscle paralysis. c. Antibody binding to acetylcholine receptors of the motor end plate resulting in muscle weakness. d. Uncontrolled cell division resulting in cell surface abnormalities recognized by NK cells.arrow_forwardThe largest and most effective of the phagocytes are: a. red blood cells b. lymph nodes c. macrophagesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements is NOT true of a fever?a. Temperature is regulated by chemicals that reset the body's thermostat to a higher setting.b. The higher than normal body temperature impairs the functions of some bacteria.c. The higher than normal body temperature is always harmful.d. The higher temperature impairs leukocytes andantibody production.e. Both c and d. Which of the following statements is NOT true of antibodies?a. They bind to foreign antigens, making them susceptible to being engulfed by phagocytes.b. They serve as specific binding sites on B cells.c. An antibody is usually able to bind to a variety of different types of antigensd. They are composed of two heavy chains and two light chains.arrow_forward
- Which of the following triggers or enhances an inflammatory response? Select one: a. lysozyme Ob. defensins c. lymph d. sebum e. cytokinesarrow_forwardWhich of the following is not a goal of the inflammatory reaction?a. bring more oxygen to damaged tissuesb. decrease blood loss from a woundc. decrease the number of white blood cells in damaged tissuesd. prevent entry of pathogens into damaged tissuesarrow_forwardWhich of the following statements best characterizes interferons? A. Interferons are a nonspecific defense used to respond to viruses. B. Interferons are part of the humoral immune response against viruses. C. Interferons are part of the humoral immune response against bacteria. D. Interferons are a nonspecific defense used to respond to bacteria.arrow_forward
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