Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology (12th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134605203
Author: Ted R. Johnson, Christine L. Case
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 3Q
Why is the disk-diffusion technique not a perfect indication of how the drug will perform in vivo? What other factors are considered before using the antimicrobial agent in vivo?
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How are dilution susceptibility tests and disc diffusion tests usedto determine microbial drug sensitivity?
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Laboratory Experiments in Microbiology (12th Edition) (What's New in Microbiology)
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- What bacterial structural target would make an antibacterial drug selective for gram-negative bacteria? Provide one example of an antimicrobial compound that targets this structure.arrow_forwardWhat is the main group of microorganisms producing the most antibiotics? Describe the biochemical characteristics of this microorganism and provide TWO (2) examples of antibiotics produced by these microbes.arrow_forwardBroad-spectrum drugs target a wide variety of bacterial pathogens. Even when the broad-spectrum drug is capable of killing a target pathogen, it may not be the best treatment. Which statement best explains why a broad spectrum drug might be an undesirable treatment choice? Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are usually toxic to the host cells. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials only work if they are used shortly after the infection begins. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may kill much of the normal microbiota. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials are not able to kill bacteria that are in their log phase of growth. Broad-spectrum antimicrobials may stimulate excess growth of the normal microbiota.arrow_forward
- Polymer nanoparticles, Microparticles and hydrogels have been developed for slow and sustained drug release for slow and sustained drug release application; mark all that apply below: 1)Drug release from hydrogels can be via (a) drug diffusion, (b) degradation of the polymeric matrix and (c) swelling 2) PLGA degrades to lactic acid and glycolic acid, which are not biocompatible 3) Drug release can be triggered through internal and external stimuli - I.e. by use of pH labile chemistries or external triggers 4) Burst release describes the initial faster release rates often observed in drug delivery system, which is then followed by sustained release 5) while burst release is observed with polymer nanoparticles, it is not observed from hydrogelsarrow_forwardWhat is DPI? What are the advantages of DPI over MDI? How drug is aerosolized from a DPI system? Please answer at your own words.arrow_forwardDiscuss the procedure and application for the agar well diffusion method of evaluating antimicrobial activity.arrow_forward
- Describe the mechanism of drug absorption through opthalmic route? Please answer at your own easy words.arrow_forwardHow is the information from a Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion test used for the recommendation of the clinical use of an antimicrobial drug? Who should be responsible for discovering and developing new antibiotics? Support your answer with reasoning.arrow_forwardName and describe three mechanisms of acquired antimicrobial resistance tools that microbes may use to thwart drug action.arrow_forward
- What is the antimicrobial removal device (ARD) blood culture system? Discuss its mechanism and its importance.arrow_forwardThe reason why most antibiotics as oral suspension dosage forms are commercially available as dry powders, to be reconstituted with water just prior to dispensing, is:arrow_forwardWhy are antimicrobials only directly effective against bacteria and what is the control on the antimicrobial plate?arrow_forward
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