Conceptual Integrated Science
3rd Edition
ISBN: 9780135197394
Author: Hewitt, Paul G., LYONS, Suzanne, (science Teacher), Suchocki, John, Yeh, Jennifer (jennifer Jean)
Publisher: PEARSON EDUCATION (COLLEGE)
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Chapter 25, Problem 36TIS
To determine
To find:
The process behind the breaking down of rocks by the expansion of water.
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Students have asked these similar questions
y " Discuss the different sources of size effect. Describe energetic size effect in fracture
using two different sizes of a plate with a center notch. Explain the significance of plate
thickness.
5. The "iceberg analogy" for the isostatic equilibrium of the continental crust turns out to be quite
the relative density of icebergs versus seawater is close to the relative density of continental crust versus mantle.
Glacial ice is about 15% less dense than seawater; likewise continental crust is about 15% less dense than the
mantle. This leads to a simple rule that we can call the 1-to-8 rule: for every 1 unit of extra elevation for an
iceberg or a mountain belt, there need to be 8 units of total thickness. These iceberg examples illustrate the
idea:
an iceberg 3 meters
above sea level is
24 meters thick
an iceberg 1 meter
above sea level is
8 meters thick
an iceberg 2 meters
above sea level is
16 meters thick
3m
2m
water level
1m
>7m
14m
21m
For the following questions, apply the 1-to-8 rule, assuming continental crust in isostatic equilibrium.
a. Continental crust at sea level averages about 35 kilometers thick. (1 km = 0.6 miles.) Therefore,
in general, how thick must the crust…
d) Describe how porosity and permeability are associated with one another.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Conceptual Integrated Science
Ch. 25 - Prob. 1RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 2RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 3RCQCh. 25 - What is the name of the geologic process that...Ch. 25 - What is the name of the geologic process that...Ch. 25 - How much sediment does the Mississippi River move...Ch. 25 - How does the size of a streams drainage basin...Ch. 25 - What is another name for a drainage basin?Ch. 25 - Prob. 9RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 10RCQ
Ch. 25 - Prob. 11RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 12RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 13RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 14RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 15RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 16RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 17RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 18RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 19RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 20RCQCh. 25 - Why are sinkholes most common in locations where...Ch. 25 - How does a stalagmite form? A stalactite?Ch. 25 - Prob. 23RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 24RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 25RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 26RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 27RCQCh. 25 - How do headlands form?Ch. 25 - Prob. 29RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 30RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 31RCQCh. 25 - Prob. 32RCQCh. 25 - Name an environment where wind shapes the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 34TISCh. 25 - Prob. 35TISCh. 25 - Prob. 36TISCh. 25 - Prob. 37TISCh. 25 - What are two end products that result from the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 39TISCh. 25 - How does the acidification of rainwater contribute...Ch. 25 - What are the four ingredients in all soils?Ch. 25 - Prob. 42TISCh. 25 - Describe the type of soil preferred by most...Ch. 25 - How does silty soil differ from sandy soil?Ch. 25 - Why is topsoil a nonrenewable resource?Ch. 25 - Prob. 46TISCh. 25 - Prob. 47TISCh. 25 - Why do trees sometimes bend at their base when...Ch. 25 - Prob. 49TISCh. 25 - What are the characteristics of a flow?Ch. 25 - Prob. 51TISCh. 25 - Whats the most common cause of mass wasting...Ch. 25 - What factors predispose a slope to mass wasting?Ch. 25 - Rank these soils in order of increasing particle...Ch. 25 - Rank these agents of erosion from most powerful to...Ch. 25 - A stream channel has a cross-sectional area of 30...Ch. 25 - Prob. 60TSCh. 25 - Show that a mountain that can be approximated by a...Ch. 25 - Why are areas with fine sediments, such as...Ch. 25 - Prob. 63TECh. 25 - Why are all the grains of sand on the beach...Ch. 25 - Prob. 65TECh. 25 - How does rainwater cause weathering? Can it also...Ch. 25 - Prob. 67TECh. 25 - Prob. 68TECh. 25 - You take a topsoil sample from your backyard and...Ch. 25 - Prob. 70TECh. 25 - Prob. 71TECh. 25 - Prob. 72TECh. 25 - Why does water in a stream typically move slower...Ch. 25 - Prob. 74TECh. 25 - Prob. 75TECh. 25 - Prob. 76TECh. 25 - Prob. 77TECh. 25 - Prob. 78TECh. 25 - Prob. 79TECh. 25 - An impression is a type of fossil that is made by...Ch. 25 - Prob. 81TECh. 25 - A builder removes the vegetation from a hillside...Ch. 25 - Prob. 83TECh. 25 - Why do caves generally form below the water table?Ch. 25 - Prob. 85TECh. 25 - Prob. 86TECh. 25 - Prob. 87TECh. 25 - Prob. 88TECh. 25 - Prob. 89TECh. 25 - Prob. 90TECh. 25 - Prob. 91TECh. 25 - Prob. 92TDICh. 25 - Prob. 93TDICh. 25 - Why is topsoil essential to conserve and protect?...Ch. 25 - Prob. 2RATCh. 25 - The most powerful agent of erosion in shaping...Ch. 25 - Prob. 4RATCh. 25 - Prob. 5RATCh. 25 - A sinkhole is evidence of a wind erosion b...Ch. 25 - Prob. 7RATCh. 25 - Prob. 8RATCh. 25 - Surface processes include a weathering, erosion,...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10RAT
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- What forces and factors determine whether a rock faults or folds during the mountain-building process?arrow_forwardHow does physics apply to these geological processes (volcanic eruptions, mountain formation, deposition)? Please explain.arrow_forwardb. Under what condition is a material or a rock mass considered to: i. Have positive Poisson’s ratio ii. Have negative Poisson’s ratio iii. Possess planar discontinuity iv. Exhibit positive deformation v. Exhibit negative deformation?arrow_forward
- 13. How deep in the crust is 10 kbar? Lithostatic pressure within the crusts results from the weight of the rocks above. Assume an average density of 2750 kg/m3. Use the equation P=p*g*h or P/(p *g)=h 23kPa/m P=pressure (e.g. kbar), p=density, g-gravity 9.8 m/s2, h= depth (m), 1 kbar=1,000 bars, 1 bar=100,000 Pa, 1 Pa=kg/(m*s2), 1 kbar =100,000,000 Pa, 1 km =1000 m. Give your answer in kilometers.arrow_forwardRocks are sometimes used along coasts to prevent erosion. If a rock needs to weigh 2,000 kilograms (about 2 tons) in order not to be shifted by waves, how big (what volume) does it need to be? You are using basalt, which has a typical density of 3200 kg/m3arrow_forwardWhat are the four processes involving expansion and contraction that contribute to rock weathering?arrow_forward
- Earth's surface area is 5.10x10^8 km^2 .Earth's crust has a thickness (or depth) of 35 km and density 2.8 g/cm^3 for earth's crust. d) Silicon's concentration in earth's crust is 2.72x105grams/ton. Calculate the mass of silicon (in grams) present in earth's crust.arrow_forwardWhich minerals have the greatest impact on your life? On your family history? If you’re a cook, it might be salt. If you love technology, it might be quartz (silicon). Maybe your grandparents were miners, or your ancestors came from a land of abundant mineral resources. Reflect on how minerals have impacted your life.arrow_forward1. Answer the following questions about porosity and permeability: a) Name three (3) parameters which are involved in calculation of porosity. b) Name four geological mechanisms affecting porosity values. c) Describe effect of sorting on porosity.arrow_forward
- Which statement best describes the formation of diamonds? A) Diamonds form in talc under very high pressure. B) Diamonds form in kimberlites under very high pressure. C) Diamonds form in kimberlites under very low pressure. D) Diamonds form in talc under very low pressure.arrow_forwardYou have 100 pounds of wood and 100 pounds of rocks. What is true about these substances? a) The wood has a higher density and takes up more volume. b) The wood has a higher density and takes up less volume. c) The rocks have a higher density and takes us more volume. d) The rocks have a higher density and takes up less volume.arrow_forwardd) Suppose a mineral has three directions of cleavage (e.g., calcite). How many faces will a crystal of the mineral have? Why?arrow_forward
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