Biology
5th Edition
ISBN: 9781260487947
Author: BROOKER
Publisher: MCG
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Chapter 25, Problem 2COQ
Summary Introduction
To describe:
The use of systematics in proposing the phylogenetic tree and the basis behind using parsimony’s principle in the evaluation of such a tree.
Introduction:
The study of diversity among the biological creatures and the evolutionary relationships between the organisms of extant and extinct species is called systematics. Systematics also plays a critical role in finding the relationship between the organisms on the basis of their characteristics.
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Discuss the role of clades and derived characters in constructing phylogenetic trees
Examine the following phylogenetic tree illustrated in Figure shown in the first picture.
In general, what does a phylogenetic tree illustrate?
How do you compare the relationships of organisms BB, CC, and DD?
Given the following organisms in the Table in the second picture, number them in terms of which is relatively closest and distant. Number 1 refers to closest.
Describe the process we use to infer the phylogenetic relationships
of a set of living organisms.
Chapter 25 Solutions
Biology
Ch. 25.1 - Prob. 1CSCh. 25.1 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25.2 - Can two different species have more than one...Ch. 25.2 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.3 - What shared derived character is common to the...Ch. 25.3 - Prob. 2CCCh. 25.3 - Prob. 3CCCh. 25.3 - Prob. 1EQCh. 25.3 - Prob. 2EQCh. 25.3 - Prob. 3EQ
Ch. 25.4 - Prob. 1CSCh. 25.5 - Prob. 1CCCh. 25 - Prob. 1TYCh. 25 - Which of the following is the correct order of the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 3TYCh. 25 - Which of the following characteristics is (are)...Ch. 25 - Which of the following occur at branch points, or...Ch. 25 - Prob. 6TYCh. 25 - Prob. 7TYCh. 25 - A goal of modern taxonomy is to a. classify all...Ch. 25 - The concept that the preferred hypothesis is the...Ch. 25 - Prob. 10TYCh. 25 - Prob. 1CQCh. 25 - What is a molecular clock? How is it useful in the...Ch. 25 - Core Concept: Evolution What are some advantages...Ch. 25 - Prob. 1COQCh. 25 - Prob. 2COQ
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Need a deep-dive on the concept behind this application? Look no further. Learn more about this topic, biology and related others by exploring similar questions and additional content below.Similar questions
- Describe how analyses of molecular homologies contribute to the science of systematicsarrow_forwardBased on the past activities about constructing of phylogenetic trees, how do you distinguish characteristics between primitive and derived characteristics? provide and example to your answerarrow_forwardExamine the following phylogenetic tree illustrated in Figure shown in the picture. In general, what does a phylogenetic tree illustrate? How do you compare the relationships of organisms BB, CC, and DD?arrow_forward
- Define homology and homoplasy and explain their connection to the concept of parsimony in phylogenetic analysis. Provide an example of each and discuss the challenges they may present when inferring evolutionary relationships.arrow_forwardDo you find it easy to interpret phylogenetic trees? What aspects are the most challenging or what aspects of the tree can be easily misinterpreted? What strategies can students use to correct or avoid these common misinterpretations? Do you consider phylogenetic trees to be reliable indicators of evolutionary relationships? Include a reference.arrow_forwardConstruct a character matrix with at least five characters for organisms beetle, pigeon, perch, salamander, and a mouse. (Pay attention to eyes, legs, number legs, antennae, body type/form; not limited to here). Then construct a phylogenetic tree using the character matrix and map the synapomorphies.arrow_forward
- Draw a phylogenetic tree of three groups of organisms andexplain how a nested pattern of similarity can be seen in thetree and how it might arisearrow_forwardFor novice biologists, taxonomy and phylogenetics are difficult concepts to understand and keep separate. This confusion is made worse because modern taxonomic methods make use of molecular tools. Write an essay that contrasts taxonomy to phylogenetics and explain how both disciplines are important to our understanding of species and evolution. Your essay should include a description of taxonomy and phylogenetics, as well as a detailed explanation about how information is represented in a phylogenetic tree or a cladogram.arrow_forwardDefine parsimony. How is it used to build phylogenetic trees?arrow_forward
- Identify the correct statement regarding the phylogenetic tree using the illustration provided below?arrow_forwardWhen reading a phylogenetic tree, which of the following is true regarding the evolutionary relationships among the taxa represented on the tree? Taxa located at adjacent tips of the branches are always more closely related to each other than to other taxa on the tree. Therefore, a species is always equally related to the taxon on the branch immediately to the right it and the taxon on the branch immediately to the left of it The branch lengths always represent the amount of morphological change between taxa The internal nodes (branching points) of the tree represent the most recent common ancestors of the taxa connected by the branches The position of taxa on the tree is completely arbitrary and does not reflect their evolutionary relationshipsarrow_forwardWhich of the following is FALSE regarding phylogenetic trees? 1) The branch lengths on the tree are scaled to molecular (DNA) changes and/or time. 2)Phylogenetic trees have shown us that there is much more bacterial diversity compared to eukaryotes. 3) Phylogenetic trees show the evolutionary relatedness of different organisms. 4). The branch lengths on the tree depict abiotic and biotic factors affecting speciation.arrow_forward
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Phylogenetic Mysteries: Crash Course Zoology #12; Author: CrashCourse;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=cVaw7nF72Aw;License: Standard youtube license