Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
Organic Chemistry (9th Edition)
9th Edition
ISBN: 9780321971371
Author: Leroy G. Wade, Jan W. Simek
Publisher: PEARSON
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Chapter 25, Problem 25.29SP
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation: The partial hydrogenation of linolenic acid that can produce at least three different fatty acids is to be shown.

Concept introduction: The process of conversion of double bond into single bond by the addition of H2 molecule in presence of catalysts like nickel, palladium or platinum is known as hydrogenation.

To determine: The partial hydrogenation of linolenic acid that can produce at least three different fatty acids.

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The long-term health effects of eating partially hydrogenated vegetable oils concern some nutritionists because many unnatural fatty acids are produced. Consider the partial hydrogenation of linolenic acid by the addition of one or two equivalentsof hydrogen. Show how this partial hydrogenation can produce at least three different fatty acids we have not seen before.
Given that, in our bodies, when we metabolize molecules to derive energy from them, we are oxidizing these molecules, why is it that we get more energy from a gram of fat (essentially a hydrocarbon) than we get from a gram of sugar (a polyhydroxy aldehyde)?
Why do fats store about twice as much energy than carbohydrates? Carbohydrates can be incorporated into polymers through dehydration reactions, while fats cannot form polymers. Fatty acid chains have more carbon-carbon bonds than carbohydrates. Compared to carbohydrates, fatty acid chains have a higher ratio of bonds with high potential energy to bonds with low potential energy. Fat molecules are always larger than carbohydrate molecules. Fats contain more polar groups than carbohydrates.
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