Chapter 25, Problem 25.21SP

(a)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound.

Interpretation: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: An alkyl or aryl benzenesulfonate (a synthetic detergent) gives no precipitates with the salts of ${\text{H}}^{+}\text{,}{\text{Ca}}^{2+}\text{,}{\text{Mg}}^{2+}\text{and}{\text{Fe}}^{3+}$ ions, whereas a sodium (soap) stearate gives precipitates with the salts of ${\text{H}}^{+}\text{,}{\text{Ca}}^{2+}\text{,}{\text{Mg}}^{2+}\text{and}{\text{Fe}}^{3+}$ ions.

(b)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound.

Interpretation: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Beeswax comprises mostly esters of fatty acids and other long chain alcohols. Paraffin is a colourless solid and a mixture of long chain alkanes.

(c)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound.

Interpretation: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Myristic acid is soluble in dilute aqueous base and shows acidic properties, whereas trimyristin is unaffected.

(d)

Interpretation Introduction

To determine: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound.

Interpretation: A simple chemical test to distinguish between the given pair of compound is to be stated.

Concept introduction: Trimyristin is a saturated hydrocarbon (fat). Triolein is a unsaturated hydrocarbon (oil). Bromine in ${\text{CCl}}_{\text{4}}$, decolourizes unsaturated hydrocarbon but does not produce any change in colour with saturated hydrocarbon.