To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body. Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

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Answer 1

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body.

Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The significant effects of immobility throughout the body are as follows:

Effects of Immobility	Associated Problems
Musculoskeletal Effects	Loss of muscle strength Loss of endurance and body mass Muscle atrophy and flaccidity Impaired venous return Development of dependent edema Osteoporosis due to bone demineralization Elevated creatinine and serum calcium levels Shortening and loss of flexibility in tendons and ligaments
Cutaneous effects	Impaired circulation Reduced cell regeneration Decubitus ulcers
Cardiovascular effects	Impaired venous return Reduced cardiac output Orthostatic hypotension Pooling of blood in dependent areas Edema and formation of thrombus Formation of pulmonary embolism
Respiratory effects	Decreased gaseous exchange Reduced thoracic capacity Ineffective coughing reflex Accumulation of secretion in airways Predisposition to respiratory complication Infection and atelectasis Possible food and water aspiration
Gastrointestinal effects	Constipation Decreased food intake Fatigue and depression Malnutrition
Urinary effects	Urinary stasis Renal calculi formation Urinary tract infection
Neurologic effects	Activation of pain receptors Tingling sensation in affected area Nerve damage Muscle innervation Muscle spasms Depression, anxiety, confusion, forgetfulness
Effects on children	Normal growth delayed Spinal and bone deformities Other developmental disorders

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Answer 2

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body.

Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The significant effects of immobility throughout the body are as follows:

Effects of Immobility	Associated Problems
Musculoskeletal Effects	Loss of muscle strength Loss of endurance and body mass Muscle atrophy and flaccidity Impaired venous return Development of dependent edema Osteoporosis due to bone demineralization Elevated creatinine and serum calcium levels Shortening and loss of flexibility in tendons and ligaments
Cutaneous effects	Impaired circulation Reduced cell regeneration Decubitus ulcers
Cardiovascular effects	Impaired venous return Reduced cardiac output Orthostatic hypotension Pooling of blood in dependent areas Edema and formation of thrombus Formation of pulmonary embolism
Respiratory effects	Decreased gaseous exchange Reduced thoracic capacity Ineffective coughing reflex Accumulation of secretion in airways Predisposition to respiratory complication Infection and atelectasis Possible food and water aspiration
Gastrointestinal effects	Constipation Decreased food intake Fatigue and depression Malnutrition
Urinary effects	Urinary stasis Renal calculi formation Urinary tract infection
Neurologic effects	Activation of pain receptors Tingling sensation in affected area Nerve damage Muscle innervation Muscle spasms Depression, anxiety, confusion, forgetfulness
Effects on children	Normal growth delayed Spinal and bone deformities Other developmental disorders

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Answer 3

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body.

Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The significant effects of immobility throughout the body are as follows:

Effects of Immobility	Associated Problems
Musculoskeletal Effects	Loss of muscle strength Loss of endurance and body mass Muscle atrophy and flaccidity Impaired venous return Development of dependent edema Osteoporosis due to bone demineralization Elevated creatinine and serum calcium levels Shortening and loss of flexibility in tendons and ligaments
Cutaneous effects	Impaired circulation Reduced cell regeneration Decubitus ulcers
Cardiovascular effects	Impaired venous return Reduced cardiac output Orthostatic hypotension Pooling of blood in dependent areas Edema and formation of thrombus Formation of pulmonary embolism
Respiratory effects	Decreased gaseous exchange Reduced thoracic capacity Ineffective coughing reflex Accumulation of secretion in airways Predisposition to respiratory complication Infection and atelectasis Possible food and water aspiration
Gastrointestinal effects	Constipation Decreased food intake Fatigue and depression Malnutrition
Urinary effects	Urinary stasis Renal calculi formation Urinary tract infection
Neurologic effects	Activation of pain receptors Tingling sensation in affected area Nerve damage Muscle innervation Muscle spasms Depression, anxiety, confusion, forgetfulness
Effects on children	Normal growth delayed Spinal and bone deformities Other developmental disorders

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Answer 4

Question

Chapter 25, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body.

Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The significant effects of immobility throughout the body are as follows:

Effects of Immobility	Associated Problems
Musculoskeletal Effects	Loss of muscle strength Loss of endurance and body mass Muscle atrophy and flaccidity Impaired venous return Development of dependent edema Osteoporosis due to bone demineralization Elevated creatinine and serum calcium levels Shortening and loss of flexibility in tendons and ligaments
Cutaneous effects	Impaired circulation Reduced cell regeneration Decubitus ulcers
Cardiovascular effects	Impaired venous return Reduced cardiac output Orthostatic hypotension Pooling of blood in dependent areas Edema and formation of thrombus Formation of pulmonary embolism
Respiratory effects	Decreased gaseous exchange Reduced thoracic capacity Ineffective coughing reflex Accumulation of secretion in airways Predisposition to respiratory complication Infection and atelectasis Possible food and water aspiration
Gastrointestinal effects	Constipation Decreased food intake Fatigue and depression Malnutrition
Urinary effects	Urinary stasis Renal calculi formation Urinary tract infection
Neurologic effects	Activation of pain receptors Tingling sensation in affected area Nerve damage Muscle innervation Muscle spasms Depression, anxiety, confusion, forgetfulness
Effects on children	Normal growth delayed Spinal and bone deformities Other developmental disorders

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Answer 5

Chapter 25, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body.

Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The significant effects of immobility throughout the body are as follows:

Effects of Immobility	Associated Problems
Musculoskeletal Effects	Loss of muscle strength Loss of endurance and body mass Muscle atrophy and flaccidity Impaired venous return Development of dependent edema Osteoporosis due to bone demineralization Elevated creatinine and serum calcium levels Shortening and loss of flexibility in tendons and ligaments
Cutaneous effects	Impaired circulation Reduced cell regeneration Decubitus ulcers
Cardiovascular effects	Impaired venous return Reduced cardiac output Orthostatic hypotension Pooling of blood in dependent areas Edema and formation of thrombus Formation of pulmonary embolism
Respiratory effects	Decreased gaseous exchange Reduced thoracic capacity Ineffective coughing reflex Accumulation of secretion in airways Predisposition to respiratory complication Infection and atelectasis Possible food and water aspiration
Gastrointestinal effects	Constipation Decreased food intake Fatigue and depression Malnutrition
Urinary effects	Urinary stasis Renal calculi formation Urinary tract infection
Neurologic effects	Activation of pain receptors Tingling sensation in affected area Nerve damage Muscle innervation Muscle spasms Depression, anxiety, confusion, forgetfulness
Effects on children	Normal growth delayed Spinal and bone deformities Other developmental disorders

Answer 6

Chapter 25, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body.

Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The significant effects of immobility throughout the body are as follows:

Effects of Immobility	Associated Problems
Musculoskeletal Effects	Loss of muscle strength Loss of endurance and body mass Muscle atrophy and flaccidity Impaired venous return Development of dependent edema Osteoporosis due to bone demineralization Elevated creatinine and serum calcium levels Shortening and loss of flexibility in tendons and ligaments
Cutaneous effects	Impaired circulation Reduced cell regeneration Decubitus ulcers
Cardiovascular effects	Impaired venous return Reduced cardiac output Orthostatic hypotension Pooling of blood in dependent areas Edema and formation of thrombus Formation of pulmonary embolism
Respiratory effects	Decreased gaseous exchange Reduced thoracic capacity Ineffective coughing reflex Accumulation of secretion in airways Predisposition to respiratory complication Infection and atelectasis Possible food and water aspiration
Gastrointestinal effects	Constipation Decreased food intake Fatigue and depression Malnutrition
Urinary effects	Urinary stasis Renal calculi formation Urinary tract infection
Neurologic effects	Activation of pain receptors Tingling sensation in affected area Nerve damage Muscle innervation Muscle spasms Depression, anxiety, confusion, forgetfulness
Effects on children	Normal growth delayed Spinal and bone deformities Other developmental disorders

Answer 7

Chapter 25, Problem 1P

Summary Introduction

To summarize: The effects of immobility throughout the body.

Introduction: Immobility in the body may occur in the extremities or over a large region. The effect of immobility may be temporary or prolonged.

Answer 8

Expert Solution & Answer

Explanation of Solution

The significant effects of immobility throughout the body are as follows:

Effects of Immobility	Associated Problems
Musculoskeletal Effects	Loss of muscle strength Loss of endurance and body mass Muscle atrophy and flaccidity Impaired venous return Development of dependent edema Osteoporosis due to bone demineralization Elevated creatinine and serum calcium levels Shortening and loss of flexibility in tendons and ligaments
Cutaneous effects	Impaired circulation Reduced cell regeneration Decubitus ulcers
Cardiovascular effects	Impaired venous return Reduced cardiac output Orthostatic hypotension Pooling of blood in dependent areas Edema and formation of thrombus Formation of pulmonary embolism
Respiratory effects	Decreased gaseous exchange Reduced thoracic capacity Ineffective coughing reflex Accumulation of secretion in airways Predisposition to respiratory complication Infection and atelectasis Possible food and water aspiration
Gastrointestinal effects	Constipation Decreased food intake Fatigue and depression Malnutrition
Urinary effects	Urinary stasis Renal calculi formation Urinary tract infection
Neurologic effects	Activation of pain receptors Tingling sensation in affected area Nerve damage Muscle innervation Muscle spasms Depression, anxiety, confusion, forgetfulness
Effects on children	Normal growth delayed Spinal and bone deformities Other developmental disorders