Foundations of Astronomy
13th Edition
ISBN: 9781305079151
Author: Michael A. Seeds, Dana Backman
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 24, Problem 7P
What is the difference in the orbital velocities of the two shepherd satellites of Uranus, Cordelia and Ophelia, which have orbital radii of 49,800 km and 53,800 km, respectively? (Hint: Use the formula for circular velocity, Eq. 5-1a. The formula requires input quantities in kg and m.)
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Based on the orbital properties of Uranus, how far across the sky in arc seconds does it travel in one Earth
day? The average orbital radius is 2.88 x 109 km and the period is 84.0 years. (Assume Uranus and the Earth
are at the closest point to one another in their orbits.)
How many full Moons does this distance cover if the Moon has an angular diameter of 0.5 degrees?
Part 1 of 4
We first need to determine how fast the planet is moving across the sky. If we know the period and the
distance between the Sun and the planet we can calculate the velocity using:
2ar
which will tell us how many kilometers the planet travels in a day if we convert the period into days.
days
= (P
years'
|days/year
Pdays
days
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What is the observed angular speed of
Neptune, along the ecliptic of Earth, when it is
at opposition, in units of arc minutes / day?
Presume the orbits are circular. Earth has
orbital speeds of 30km/s and Neptune has
5.43km/s, Neptune here has orbital radius
30.1 AU. Now looking at Uranus for the same
condition, in what direction along the ecliptic
will it be traveling?
Physics written by hand.
Chapter 24 Solutions
Foundations of Astronomy
Ch. 24 - Why didnt ancient astronomers know of Uranuss...Ch. 24 - Describe the location of the equinoxes and...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3RQCh. 24 - Prob. 4RQCh. 24 - Why is belt-zone circulation difficult to detect...Ch. 24 - Prob. 6RQCh. 24 - Prob. 7RQCh. 24 - Describe four characteristics in common among all...Ch. 24 - Describe four differences between the two ice...Ch. 24 - Prob. 10RQ
Ch. 24 - What are hypotheses for the origin of the rings of...Ch. 24 - How do the characteristics of Uranuss and Neptunes...Ch. 24 - If Uranus and Neptune had no satellites at all,...Ch. 24 - Why might the surface brightness of ring particles...Ch. 24 - Both Uranus and Neptune have a blue-green tint...Ch. 24 - How are the atmospheres of Earth and Triton...Ch. 24 - Prob. 17RQCh. 24 - When Neptune was discovered, how was its position...Ch. 24 - How can small worlds like Triton and Pluto have...Ch. 24 - Why do you suspect that Triton had a geologically...Ch. 24 - If you visited the surface of Pluto and found...Ch. 24 - What evidence can you give that Pluto and Charon...Ch. 24 - Why was Pluto reclassified as a dwarf planet?Ch. 24 - How was the discovery of Neptune not accidental?Ch. 24 - Prob. 1DQCh. 24 - Suggest a single phenomenon that could explain the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3DQCh. 24 - Prob. 4DQCh. 24 - Prob. 5DQCh. 24 - What is the maximum angular diameter of Uranus as...Ch. 24 - One way to recognize a distant planet is by...Ch. 24 - What is the orbital velocity of Miranda around...Ch. 24 - Calculate Uranuss Roche radius. Are all of Uranuss...Ch. 24 - Prob. 5PCh. 24 - What is the escape velocity from the surface of an...Ch. 24 - What is the difference in the orbital velocities...Ch. 24 - Repeat Problem 2 for Pluto. In other words,...Ch. 24 - Given the size of Tritons orbit (r = 355,000 km)...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1LTLCh. 24 - Prob. 2LTLCh. 24 - Compare the interior cutaway sketches of the four...Ch. 24 - Prob. 4LTLCh. 24 - Review Figure 21-11. Which molecules can Triton...Ch. 24 - The image to the left shows how Uranus would look...
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- What is the orbital velocity of Miranda around Uranus? (Hint: Use the formula for circular velocity, Eq. 5-1a. The formula requires input quantities in kg and m.) (Note: Necessary data are given in Celestial Profile: Uranus and Appendix Table A-11.)arrow_forwardWhy didnt ancient astronomers know of Uranuss existence?arrow_forwardWhat is the maximum angular diameter of Uranus as seen from Earth? Of Neptune? (Hint: Use the small-angle formula, Eq. 3-1.) (Note: Necessary data are given in their Celestial Profiles.)arrow_forward
- The value we have just calculated is the combined masses of Jupiter and Callisto! Their mass is in units of the Sun's Mass (MS) - we can convert this to units which are more familiar to us like kilograms by multiplying this answer by the scale factor (1.99x1030 kg/1 MS): (MJupiter + MCallisto) = ( MS) (1.99x1030 kg/1 Solar Mass) = _______x_10___ kg (I have already written the x 10 so you are reminded to write the exponenet of 10 in the scientific notation expression of your answer). Since you know from looking at pictures of Jupiter with its Galilean Satellites (look in your book at a picture if you have not already), that Callisto is much smaller than Jupiter - in fact it is less than 0.001 of Jupiter's size or mass, so the number we have just calculated for (MJupiter + MCallisto) is almost the same as MJupiter . How much more massive is Jupiter than the Earth? (The mass of Earth is about 5.98 x 1024 kg)arrow_forwardIn 2015, researchers concluded that Enceladus's subsurface ocean is probably global, instead of just being restricted to the south polar region. What had the Cassini spacecraft found, that led them to their conclusion? a Enceladus wobbles slightly as it orbits Saturn, more so than it could if its ice shell were mostly frozen to the rocky interior. b Enceladus is absorbing so much water (which is ejected by Saturn from its atmosphere) that there must be a global ocean under its icy surface. c The number of large, lava-spewing volcanoes on Enceladus's surface is so high that they can only be the result of liquid water under the whole surface. d The magnetic field of Enceladus is so strong that it can only be explained by a global ocean of salty water under the surface.arrow_forwardI would like you to compare the size of some of the largest moons of the solar system to their host planets. Using diameters of 12,700 km, and 140,000 km, 116,000 km for Earth, Jupiter, and Saturn respectively, please provide the ratios of the following moons to their host planets (you can use Table 12.1 from the book to get the diameters of the moons): Luna (Earth's moon), Io, Callisto, Ganymede, Europa, and Titan. After collecting those ratios, please tell me one thing that you notice that stands out about those results.arrow_forward
- The iron meteorite that created Barringer Crater (Arizona) was 50 m in diameter. It caused a crater 1.2 km (1200 m) in diameter, that is, 24 times bigger than the impactor. Keeping in mind that the size of the crater depends on many factors, such as the type of rocks present in the area, estimate the approximate size of the impactor that produced Mare Serenitatis.arrow_forwardThe ratio of charon to pluto's roche limit? or How close is Charon to Pluto's Roche limit? please solve accurate and exactarrow_forwardthe area in between Mars' and Jupiter's orbit to be ~1.6e18 km2. Since there are roughly 750,000 asteroids, how much area (in km2) is available for one asteroid? Use this calculation to argue whether you are likely (or not) to hit an asteroid while flying through the asteroid belt. (Hint: To answer the first part of the question, find the area per asteroid)arrow_forward
- A classmate claims that if Jupiter’s Galilean moons were all the same distance from Jupiter, they would all experience the same amount of gravitational force. Using what you have learned and the evidence from the data table how would you respond to his claim? (a) His claim is incorrect; if the moons were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity would be the strongest on Ganymede because it has the greatest mass (b) his claim is incorrect; if the moon were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity would be the strongest on Europa; because it has the smallest mass (c) his claim is incorrect; if the moon were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity from Jupiter would be experienced equally by all four moons. (d) his claim is incorrect; if the moon were at an equal distance from Jupiter; then the pull of gravity would be the strongest on Ganymede because it is the largest moonarrow_forwardNo handwrittenarrow_forwardThe Mars Robotic Lander for which we are making these calculations is designed to return samples of rock from Mars after a long time of collecting samples, exploring the area around the landing site, and making chemical analyses of rocks and dust in the landing area. One synodic period is required for Earth to be in the same place relative to mars as when it landed. Calculate the synodic period (in years) using the following formula: 1/Psyn = (1/PEarth) - (1/PMars) where PEarth is the sidereal period of the Earth (1 year) and PMars is the sidereal period of Mars. If 3/4 of a Martian year was spent collecting samples and exploring the terrain around the landing site, calculate how long the Mars Robotic Lander expedition took!arrow_forward
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