Concept explainers
Interpretation: To contrast, the oxidation of glucose to
Concept introduction: Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a molecule that is defined as the energy currency of life and provides energy to carry out the
The net yield of ATP for the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose is obtained from the assembled ATP production from the glycolysis process, aerobic oxidation of pyruvate to
Answer to Problem 24.54EP
When a glucose molecule is converted into ethanol, two ATP molecules are generated. The complete oxidation of glucose molecule produces
Explanation of Solution
In the glycolysis metabolic pathway, a glucose molecule breaks down and is converted into two pyruvate molecules. In this reaction, two ATP molecules are generated. The net overall equation for the glycolysis process is as follows:
The end product in the glycolysis is pyruvate. The process of ethanol fermentation takes place in two steps. In step 1, the pyruvate molecule is converted to acetaldehyde by pyruvate decarboxylase enzymes. In step 2, acetaldehyde is reduced to ethanol by alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes. The ethanol fermentation equation is as follows:
Combine the reaction for the conversion of pyruvate to ethanol with the net overall reaction for glycolysis to obtain an overall reaction for the ethanol production as follows:
The table for the production of ATP in the glycolysis process is as follows:
The table for the production of ATP in the aerobic oxidation of pyruvate to
The overall reaction equation for the conversion of pyruvate to
The table for the production of ATP in the citric acid cycle is as follows:
The net overall equation for the Citric acid cycle is as follows:
The table for the production of ATP in the electron transport chain and oxidative phosphorylation is as follows:
NADH,
The net yield of ATP is 30. 30 molecules of ATP are produced by the complete oxidation of one molecule of glucose.
An overall reaction for the production of ethanol is obtained by the combination of the conversion reaction of pyruvate to ethanol with the net overall reaction for glycolysis. Therefore, a net gain of two ATP molecules occurs when one glucose molecule is converted to ethanol.
A net gain of two ATP molecules occurs when one glucose molecule is converted to two pyruvate molecules through the glycolysis pathway. In the citric acid cycle, a net gain of two ATP molecules occurs when two
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Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, AND BIOLOGICAL CH
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