EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
12th Edition
ISBN: 9780134818979
Author: Killian
Publisher: YUZU
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Chapter 24, Problem 23PDQ
Explain the apparent paradox that both hypermethylation and hypomethylation of DNA are often found in the same cancer cell.
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(b): How many forms can naturally occurring
DNA exist in? Explain how these forms
are characterized. What properties of the
functional groups determine the binding
of DNA with anti-cancer agents? Explain.
Because the degree of DNA methylation appears to be a relatively reliable genetic marker for some forms of cancer, researchers have explored the possibility of altering DNA methylation as a form of cancer therapy. Initial studies indicate that while hypomethylation suppresses the formation of some tumors, other tumors thrive. Why would one expect different cancers to respond differently to either hypomethylation or hypermethylation therapies?
Describe the role of mismatch repair (MMR) in DNA repair.Why do mutations in MMR proteins increase the risk ofhuman cancer?
Chapter 24 Solutions
EBK CONCEPTS OF GENETICS
Ch. 24 - Prob. 1NSTCh. 24 - People with a genetic condition known as...Ch. 24 - Prob. 3NSTCh. 24 - Cancer can arise spontaneously, but it can also be...Ch. 24 - Prob. 1CSCh. 24 - Prob. 2CSCh. 24 - If you agree to participate and then learn that...Ch. 24 - HOW DO WE KNOW? In this chapter, we focused on...Ch. 24 - Prob. 2PDQCh. 24 - Where are the major regulatory points in the cell...
Ch. 24 - List the functions of kinases and cyclins, and...Ch. 24 - How can mutations in noncoding segments of DNA...Ch. 24 - What is the difference between saying that cancer...Ch. 24 - Prob. 7PDQCh. 24 - Prob. 8PDQCh. 24 - Define tumor-suppressor genes. Why is a mutated...Ch. 24 - Describe the steps by which the TP53 gene responds...Ch. 24 - Part of the Ras protein is associated with the...Ch. 24 - Prob. 12PDQCh. 24 - Distinguish between oncogenes and proto-oncogenes....Ch. 24 - Prob. 14PDQCh. 24 - How do translocations such as the Philadelphia...Ch. 24 - Explain why many oncogenic viruses contain genes...Ch. 24 - Prob. 17PDQCh. 24 - How do normal cells protect themselves from...Ch. 24 - Prob. 19PDQCh. 24 - Epigenetics is a relatively new area of genetics...Ch. 24 - Radiotherapy (treatment with ionizing radiation)...Ch. 24 - Genetic tests that detect mutations in the BRCA1...Ch. 24 - Explain the apparent paradox that both...Ch. 24 - As part of a cancer research project, you have...Ch. 24 - Mutations in tumor-suppressor genes are associated...Ch. 24 - Prob. 26ESPCh. 24 - Those who inherit a mutant allele of the RB1...Ch. 24 - The table in this problem summarizes some of the...Ch. 24 - Researchers have identified some tumors that have...Ch. 24 - Prob. 30ESP
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- Why is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Explain in detail the main findings.arrow_forwardWhy is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Explain in detail the main findings. Please sort as a list.arrow_forwardWhy is it important to model cancer through the generation of induced pluripotent stem cells ? Please list item by item. Explain in detail the main findings.arrow_forward
- Describe the role of mismatch repair (MMR) in DNA repair. Why can mutations in MMR increase the risk of human cancer?arrow_forwardDescribe the differences between point mutations, chromosomal translocations, and gene amplification in the process of cancer.arrow_forwardDNA repair systems are responsible for maintaining genomic fidelity in normal cells despite the high frequency with which mutational events occur. What type of DNA mutation is generated by (a) UV radiation and (b) ionizing radiation? Describe the system responsible for repairing each of these types of mutations in mammalian cells. Postulate why a loss of function in one or more DNA repair systems typifies many cancers.arrow_forward
- a. Propose three different mutations to prevent initiation, elongation, and termination of bacterial DNA replication, respectively. Explain how/why each mutation would prevent its respective step. (Hint: mutations can be in genes that encode proteins or regulatory DNA sequences) b. In the early 1900s, Avery, MacLeod, and McCarty performed an experiment in bacterial cells to determine whether DNA, RNA, or protein functions as the 'transforming molecule' (i.e. the genetic material). In your own words, how did their experiment (depicted in the figure below) help to answer that question?arrow_forwardPatients with XP suffer extremely high incidence of skin cancer but have not been found to have correspondingly high incidences of cancer of internal organs (e.g. colon cancer). What might this suggest about the kinds of DNA damage responsible for most internal cancers?arrow_forwardBriefly describe the structural variability of cancer genomes.arrow_forward
- Discuss the following mutations with reference to specific genetic disorders: i) Faulty DNA repair; ii) Gain-of-function; and iii) Trinucleotide repeats. Give steps for each mutations.arrow_forwardPlease distinguish driver and passenger mutations in cancer.arrow_forwardhttps://cancer.sanger.ac.uk/cosmic/gene/analysis?ln=TP73 using the above linke, Briefly describe the most common mutation found in this gene. Include details about the type of mutation, and the predicted effect. . where does the mutation occur, what bases are changed; does the mutation change the protein sequence, and if so what would the likely biologics consequences be?arrow_forward
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