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Leukocytes are differentiated white blood cells derived from either myeloid or lymphoid precursor cells. Cells of myeloid lineage include monocytes and granulocytes. Monocytes include macrophages and dendritic cells, specialized phagocytes that function as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) to initiate an adaptive immune response. Granulocytes include neutrophils, which are also phagocytes but not APCs, and mast cells, which are important inducers of the inflammatory response but may also cause allergic reactions. Lymphocytes include B and T cells, which facilitate adaptive immunity, and natural killer cells, which play a key role in destroying virus-infected and cancerous host cells.
What is the origin of the phagocytes and lymphocytes active in the immune response? Track the maturation of B cells and T cells.
Leukocytes (White blood cells) are derived from either myeloid or lymphoid precursor cells. Cells which are derived from myeloid lineage include monocytes and granulocytes. Monocytes comprise macrophages and dendritic cells which are specialized phagocytic cells called antigen presenting cells (APCs). Granulocytes include neutrophils and mast cells. Lymphocytes include B-cells (B leukocytes), T-cells (T leukocytes), and natural killer cells.
Explanation of Solution
Phagocytes are originated from the myeloid lineage and are specialized antigens presenting cells which help in developing adaptive immune responses in the body of an organism. These specialized cells comprise macrophages and natural killer cells. These phagocytic cells engulf and transport pathogen to the lymphocytes in order to generate an adaptive immune response. In contrast to this, lymphocytes originated from lymphoid lineage and comprise B-cells, T-cells, and natural killer cells.
B-cells mature and originate inside the bone marrow. B-cells are also specialized antigen presenting cells like those of macrophages and dendritic cells. In addition, these B-cells also act as a precursor of antibody-producing plasma cells. T-cells initially start their development process in bone marrow but they migrate to thymus cells for further maturation.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Brock Biology of Microorganisms (14th Edition)
- Macrophage, dendritic cells, T-cells, and B-cells are all considered cells of the adaptive immune system. All these cells come in different varieties. Still there are some basic processes and interactions between them to generate the appropriate adaptive immune response and defeat the pathogen. Which white blood cell above is not a phagocyte but is an antigen-presenting cell?arrow_forwardAll of the following are true of antigen-presenting cells (APCs) EXCEPT: which option below is the answer? None of the other four answers (All are true statements about APCs) They can interact directly with lymphocytes They include macrophages and dendritic cells APCs by themselves cannot distinguish between different microbial antigens, remember them later, or respond specifically to them They are non-specific cells and they play no role in activating or triggering specific immune responsesarrow_forwardSecondary lymphoid organs, such as the lymph nodes, spleen, and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissues, each have distinct features that are important for their role in initiating immune responses focused on different anatomical compartments (i.e., the peripheral tissues, the blood, or the gastrointestinal tract, respectively). Yet these organs share some overall structural features, such as distinct T-cell and B-cell zones. One major difference between these organs is: The presence versus the absence of macrophages and dendritic cells Their function in bringing rare naive lymphocytes into contact with their specific antigen The ability of lymphocytes to enter the organ from the blood The mechanism by which antigens or pathogens enter the organ The ability of naïve T cells to be activated and proliferate in the organarrow_forward
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Human Physiology: From Cells to Systems (MindTap ...BiologyISBN:9781285866932Author:Lauralee SherwoodPublisher:Cengage Learning