To review:
In the United States, pregnant women are warned not to drink water from lakes that lie near abandoned mines.
Introduction:
The exogenous agents like drugs, chemicals, viruses, and infectious elements that cause birth defects are called teratogens. The development of humans ais divided into two main periods: embryonic period (end of week 8) and fetal period (remaining time in utero). Teratogens generally effect these crucial time periods between week 3 to 8.
Explanation of Solution
Abandoned mines often release water-soluble crude oil components that act as teratogenic molecules. A study revealed that in zebrafish embryo exposed to oil spill components produce larvae with developmental anomalies including reduction in size of head, gill, and thoracic cartilages associated with cranial neural crest migration. Often lakes near abandoned mines can be place of vector-borne diseases producing novel form of virus or bacteria. The mosquito-borne Zika virus can cause a birth defect microcephaly characterized by small brains and heads. These virus directly infect neural progenitor cells of the fetal cortex, resulting in death of cells causing smaller brain and head of newborn.
The pregnant women are warned not to drink water from lakes that lie near abandoned mines because they can contain teratogens causing birth defects in developing fetus.
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Chapter 24 Solutions
Developmental Biology
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