Principles of Biology
2nd Edition
ISBN: 9781259875120
Author: Robert Brooker, Eric P. Widmaier Dr., Linda Graham Dr. Ph.D., Peter Stiling Dr. Ph.D.
Publisher: McGraw-Hill Education
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Chapter 23.2, Problem 1TYK
Summary Introduction
Introduction:
Archaea are single-celled microorganisms and structure is similar to bacteria. They are evolutionarily distinct from eukaryotes and bacteria and form the third domain of life, but they have characteristics more similar to eukaryotes.
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Archaea (formerly known as archaebacteria) is one of the three major divisions of living organisms; the other two are eubacteria and eukaryotes. Nanoarchaeum equitans is in the Archaea domain and has one of the smallest genomes known, about 0.5 Mb. How can an organism complete its life cycle with so little genetic material?
Archaea are distinct from bacteria becausea. some archaea form methane.b. each have different rRNA sequences.c. archaea do not have peptidoglycan cell walls.d. archaea are more closely related to eukaryotes.e. All of these are correct.
Which of the following are characteristics of prokaryotes?
i) Presence of a nucleus
ii) Presence of a nucleoid region
iii) Membrane - bound organelles
iv) Lack membrane - bound organelles
v) Most have a cell wall
vi) Average between 1-5 µm
a.
ii, iv, v
b.
i, iii, vi
c.
ii, iv, v, vi
d.
i,iii, vi, v
Chapter 23 Solutions
Principles of Biology
Ch. 23.1 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23.1 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 23.2 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23.2 - Prob. 2TYKCh. 23.3 - Prob. 1CCCh. 23.3 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23.3 - What essential role did early alphaproteobacteria...Ch. 23.4 - Prob. 1CCCh. 23.4 - Which structure is associated with motility in one...Ch. 23.5 - In which of the hosts does sexual mating of P....
Ch. 23.5 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23.6 - Prob. 1CCCh. 23.6 - Prob. 2CCCh. 23.6 - Prob. 1BCCh. 23.6 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23.7 - Prob. 1TYKCh. 23 - Prob. 1TYCh. 23 - Prob. 2TYCh. 23 - Prob. 3TYCh. 23 - Prob. 4TYCh. 23 - Prob. 5TYCh. 23 - The protists most closely related to the fungal,...Ch. 23 - Prob. 7TYCh. 23 - Prob. 8TYCh. 23 - People use bacteria, protists, or fungi to: make...Ch. 23 - Prob. 1CCQCh. 23 - Prob. 2CCQCh. 23 - Prob. 3CCQCh. 23 - Prob. 1CBQCh. 23 - Prob. 2CBQ
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- How do archaea and bacteria differ? A. Archaea can live in environments with extreme conditions such as temperature, while bacteria can’t. B. Archaea use RNA as their genetic material, while bacteria use DNA. C. Archaea can exist as multicellular organisms, while bacteria are unicellular. D. Archaea are eukaryotes, and bacteria are prokaryotes.arrow_forwardArchaea cells do NOT often have: a. preferences for extreme habitats. b. specifically identifiable ribosomal RNA genes. c. Branched chains in their membrane lipids. d. Ester linkages in their phospholipids. e. Pseudomurein cell wall containing no N-acetylmuramic acid and no D-amino acids. f. circular chromosomes.arrow_forwardBacteria differ from Eukarya in all of the following except for Lack introns Lack histone proteins Have smaller ribosomes Lack a plasma membrane Have peptidoglycanarrow_forward
- Penicillin inhibits bacterial growth by preventing the cross-linking during peptidoglycan synthesis. Why does penicillin not inhibit growth of archaeal cells? Group of answer choices Most archaeal cells have a cell wall, but it is not composed of peptidoglycan. Archaeal cells do not have a cell wall. Penicillin is unable to penetrate the lipid outer membrane that blocks access of penicillin to the peptidogycan crosslinking enzymes. Pencillin is unable to penetrate the S layer to reach the peptidoglycan layer underneath.arrow_forwardWhich of the following is a characteristic that archaea had but which bacteria did not? Group of answer choices having an ether linkage in the phospholipid membrane having a 70S sized ribosome having no nuclear membrane having a circular chromosomearrow_forwardDomain Eukarya ___________________means their cells have nuclei and other compartments (____________________). Organisms in domain Eukarya have larger, more complex cells with nuclei. 4 Kingdoms: ________________, Animalia, Fungi, and ________________ Kingdom Protists: Unicellular or multicellular and Autotrophs or heterotrophs Kingdom Animalia: Multicellular,___________________ (by ingestion) Kingdom Fungi: Most are multicellular and are heterotrophs (by ___________digestion) Kingdom Plantae: Multicellular, _______________arrow_forward
- Will Beta-lactam antibiotics disrupt cell wall formation in Domain Archaea? • A. No as Archaea do not have a 1,4 glycosidic bond • B. No as Archaea do not have a D-ala D-ala in their peptide side-chain • C. Yes, they will target the 1,3 glycosidic bond D. No as Archaea do not contain NAM in their backbone O E. Yes, they inhibit peptide side-chain cross-linkingarrow_forwardA surtace structure that is found only in domain Archaea is ? O A. Fimbriae • B. A capsule O C. A flagella O D. A stalk • E. Cannulaearrow_forwardWhich of the following do not belong to domain Archaea? (a) prokaryotes that produce methane from carbon dioxide and hydrogen (b) thermophiles (c) halophiles (d) bacteriophages (e) prokaryotes with cell walls that lackpeptidoglycanarrow_forward
- . Which of the following prokaryotic kingdoms is characterized by the absence of a nucleus, the absence of histone proteins, the presence of fatty acids ester-linked to glycerol in their G-3-P cell membrane, and the presence of enzymes for constructing a peptidoglycan cell wall? kingdom Archaeobacteria kingdom Animalia kingdom Fungi kingdom Plantae kingdom Eubacteriaarrow_forwardMulticellular organisms with a true nucleus, histone proteins, ester-linked fatty acids in their cell membranes, heterokont ancestry, and cell walls with a high content of cellulose (over 20%) must be: members of kingdom Plantae members of kingdom Eubacteria members of kingdom Protista members of kingdom Animalia members of kingdom Fungiarrow_forwardWhich of the following is only found in archaea? glycerol diethers a nucleus a cell wall N-acetylmuramic acidarrow_forward
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