Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
11th Edition
ISBN: 9781305112100
Author: Cecie Starr, Beverly McMillan
Publisher: Cengage Learning
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Chapter 23, Problem 6SQ
Summary Introduction
Introduction: In comparative morphology, the anatomical and morphological features are compared between fossil and modern-day organisms or between modern-day organisms in order to establish their ancestry and relatedness.
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Fossilsa. are the remains and traces of past life.b. can be dated absolutely according to their location in strata.c. are usually remains of soft tissues, such as muscle.d. have been found for all types of animals except humans.
Two different plants, cactus from the desert southwest USA and a euphorb from South Africa, have similar adaptations to desert life- these similarities evolved independently in response to similar environmental conditions, they were not inherited for one shared ancestor of cactus and euphords . What is the best term for these adaptations?
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Chapter 23 Solutions
Human Biology (MindTap Course List)
Ch. 23 - Prob. 1RQCh. 23 - As shown in Figure 23.25, there is considerable...Ch. 23 - Prob. 3RQCh. 23 - Prob. 4RQCh. 23 - Prob. 5RQCh. 23 - Prob. 6RQCh. 23 - Prob. 1SQCh. 23 - The relative numbers of different genes (alleles)...Ch. 23 - A difference in survival and reproduction among...Ch. 23 - The fossil record of evolution correlates with...
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- Q1: Variable descriptions of a character is called a _____________. A. Homologous character B. Character state C. Analogous character D. Shared derived character Q2: Vestigial structures are the structures that used to have functions in the past but mostly lost these functions in the present. Which of the following is NOT an example of a vestigial structure? A. Nictitating membrane in humans B. Appendix in humans C. Femur in humans D. Coccyx in humans Q3: According to Wallace and Darwin, for new individuals to emerge, a group of individuals must become? A. Reproductively crossed among other organisms B. Geographically isolated from the rest of the original population C. Embryologically different from the rest of other organisms D Reproductively isolated from the rest of the original populationarrow_forwardA. How did Charles Darwin explain his observations? 1. Species of tortoise and finch varies from island-to-island? 2. Fossil of different animals have similarities. 3. There are fossil of extinct animals.arrow_forwardDerived characteristics are A. The series of apparent adaptations that are never actually used B. Less important and less informative than ancestral characteristics C. Characteristics present in only one or a few species of a group D. Anatomical features found in strepsirrhines onlyarrow_forward
- Evolutionary Evidence: Write the letter of the correct definition in the blank space on the left. ______ vestigial structure a. remains of dead organisms ______ homologous structures b. structures in different species which perform the same function, have similar appearance and structure but are not evolved together ______ analogous structures c. structures that are derived from a common ______ fossil record d. in the early stages of development dogs, pigs, and humans resemble one another ______ embryology e. structures that have reduced in size because they no longer serve an important functionarrow_forwardRooneyia is an Eocene primate fossil. This ____ found in Texas is distinct from other North American Eocene Primates in that in has ____. a. omomyid; well-developed postorbital flanges b. eosimiid; poorly-developed postorbital flanges c. adapid; a long rostrum d. oligopithecid; very large eye orbitsarrow_forwarda. What did Darwin's travels reveal to him about the number and variety of living species? b. How did tortoises and birds differ among the islands of the Galapagos? c. What is evolution? Why is referred to as a theory? d. Darwin found fossils of many organisms that were different from any living species. How would this finding has affecting his understanding of lifes diversity?arrow_forward
- Match the descriptions/examples types of evidence that support evolution. 1.Biogeography 2.Comparative Embryology 3.Comparative Anatomy 4.Molecular Biology A.Organisms in New Zealand are more similar to organisms in Australia than they are to organisms in North America . B.The embryos of many species have gill pouches even though the gill pouches are not used in these species . C.The forelimbs of the human ,cat ,whale and bat have many similar bones despite the fact that the forelimbs have different functions . D.The Human genome is 98% identical to the Chimpanzee genome .arrow_forwarda diagram that shows evolutionary connections between clades is called a_______ .a. karyotype c. cladogramb. molecular clock d. homologous structurearrow_forwardThis video refers to Denisovans as a “Ghost Lineage.” In fact, Denisovans don’t even have a formal scientific name. What is the physical evidence that anthropologists need to further define and understand the Denisovans? A. None of the above B. A Type Specimen (and more Denisovan fossils) C. Neanderthal DNA D. H. sapiens DNAarrow_forward
- Both octopuses and cuttlefish have a single-lens eye. Their common ancestor also had a single-lens eye. What word describes the relationship between the octopus eye and the cuttlefish eye? a. homologous c. analogous b. vestigial d. convergentarrow_forwardWhat is not always true of a valid binomial species name like Homo sapiens? A. It includes the genus name B. It is the first published name applied to the biological species C. It is defined by autapomorphic character states D. Technically, it consists of a noun and an adjective asaparrow_forwardVertebrates Gnathostomes Tetrapods Amniotes Mammals Phylogeny based on morphology Amphioxus Lampreys Sharks Ray-finned fishes Coelacanth Lungfishes Amphibians Monotremes Marsupials Placental mammals Turtles Tuatara Lizards Snakes Turtles Crocodiles Birds Phylogeny based on DNA sequencearrow_forward
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