ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
17th Edition
ISBN: 9781630180928
Author: OpenStax
Publisher: OPENSTAX C
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Chapter 23, Problem 6ILQ
By watching this animation (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/foodgroups) , you will see that for the various food groups—proteins, fats, and carbohydrates—digestion begins in different parts of the
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By watching this animation(http://openstaxcollege.org/l/foodgroups) , you will seethat for the various food groups—proteins, fats, andcarbohydrates—digestion begins in different parts of thedigestion system, though all end in the same place. Of thethree major food classes (carbohydrates, fats, and proteins),which is digested in the mouth, the stomach, and the smallintestine?
There are several processes that take place from the moment food enters our mouth until it is completely digested and used for energy.
Using approximately 400-500 words, describe in detail and in order of process the mechanical (stomach and intestine)and chemical (gastric acid and enzymes) digestion of eating a grilled chicken sandwich with mayonnaise, lettuce, and tomatoes. Note what role the pancreas, gallbladder, and liver play in digestion of the ingredients? From what ingredients is your body deriving its energy and how many basic calories from the macronutrients ingested?
Include at least two scholarly references (using APA formatting and style) to guide your answers (note that you can use your textbook as one of your references).
What is the level of organization in the digestive system with an example?I mean, cells, tissues, organs, organ systems, and organisms ' examples in the digestive system.
Chapter 23 Solutions
ANATOMY AND PHYSIOLOGY
Ch. 23 - By clicking on this link...Ch. 23 - Visit this site...Ch. 23 - Watch this animation...Ch. 23 - Watch this animation...Ch. 23 - Watch this animation...Ch. 23 - By watching this animation...Ch. 23 - Watch this video...Ch. 23 - Which of these organs is not considered an...Ch. 23 - Which of the following organs is supported by a...Ch. 23 - Which of the following membranes covers the...
Ch. 23 - Which of these processes occurs in the mouth?...Ch. 23 - Which of these processes occurs throughout most of...Ch. 23 - Which of the following stimuli activates sensors...Ch. 23 - Which of these statements about reflexes in the GI...Ch. 23 - Which of these ingredients in saliva is...Ch. 23 - Which of these statements about the pharynx is...Ch. 23 - Which structure is located where the esophagus...Ch. 23 - Which phase of deglutition involves contraction of...Ch. 23 - Which of these cells secrete hormones? parietal...Ch. 23 - Where does the majority of chemical digestion in...Ch. 23 - During gastric emptying, chyme is released into...Ch. 23 - Parietal cells secrete ________. gastrin...Ch. 23 - In which pail of the alimentary canal does most...Ch. 23 - Which of these is most associated with villi?...Ch. 23 - What is the roLe of the small intestines MALT?...Ch. 23 - Which part of the large intestine attaches to the...Ch. 23 - Which of these statements about bile is true?...Ch. 23 - Pancreatic juice ________. deactivates bile. is...Ch. 23 - Where does the chemical digestion of starch begin?...Ch. 23 - Which of these is involved in the chemical...Ch. 23 - Where are most fat-digesting enzymes produced?...Ch. 23 - Which of these nutrients is absorbed mainly in the...Ch. 23 - Explain how the enteric nervous system supports...Ch. 23 - What layer of the alimentary canal tissue is...Ch. 23 - Offer a theory to explain why segmentation occurs...Ch. 23 - It has been several hours since you last ate....Ch. 23 - The composition of saliva varies from gland to...Ch. 23 - During a hockey game, the puck hits a player in...Ch. 23 - What prevents swallowed food from entering the...Ch. 23 - Explain the mechanism responsible for...Ch. 23 - Describe the three processes involved in the...Ch. 23 - Explain how the stomach is protected from self...Ch. 23 - Describe unique anatomical features that enable...Ch. 23 - Explain how nutrients absorbed in the small...Ch. 23 - Why is it important that chyme from the stomach is...Ch. 23 - Describe three of the differences between the...Ch. 23 - Why does the pancreas secrete some enzymes in...Ch. 23 - Describe the location of hepatocytes in the liver...Ch. 23 - Explain the role of bile salts and lecithin in the...Ch. 23 - How is vitamin B12 absorbed?
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- Figure 34.19 Which of the following statements about digestive processes is true? Amylase, maltaseT and lactase in the mouth digest carbohydrates. Trypsin and lipase in the stomach digest protein. Bile emulsifies lipids in the small intestine. No food is absorbed until the small intestine.arrow_forwardList the organs and accessory organs of the digestive system. On a separate piece of paper, list the main functions of each organ.arrow_forwardDifferent regions of the digestive system specialize in ________ and _________ food and in __________ unabsorbed food residues.arrow_forward
- Figure 34.11 Which of the following statements about the digestive system is false? Chyme is a mixture of food and digestive juices that is produced in the stomach. Food enters the large intestine before the small intestine. In the small intestine, chyme mixes with bile, which emulsifies fats. The stomach is separated from the small intestine by the pylloric sphincter.arrow_forwardName the major organs of the digestive system. Digestion (di-jest′yun) is the mechanical and chemical breakdown of foods and the absorption of the resulting nutrients by cells. Mechanical digestion breaks large pieces of food into smaller ones without altering their chemical composition. Chemical digestion breaks down larger nutrient molecules into simpler chemicals. The organs of the digestive system carry out these processes. The digestive system consists of the alimentary canal (al″i-men′tar-e kah-nal′), extending from the mouth to the anus, and several accessory organs that secrete into the canal substances that are used in digestion. The alimentary canal (from beginning to end) includes the mouth, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. The accessory organs include the salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, and pancreas (fig. 15.1; see reference plates 4, 5, and 6). Overall, the digestive system is a tube, open at both ends, that has an…arrow_forwardRegarding the functions of the gastrointestinal system, match each term with the phrase that best describes or defines it an enzyme found in saliva and intestinal secretions that breaks down carbohydrate molecules like starches Lipid deposits in the non-adipose compartment of the body, a risk factor for chronic disease regardless of weight A prebiotic - a non-digestible oligosaccharide that provides nourishment for beneficial organisms in the gut A strain of bacteria that's very common in the human gut [Choose ] [Choose ] Bacteroidetes Amylase Lipase Salmonella Brown Fat Inulin Ectopic Fat [Choose] [Choose ]arrow_forward
- Which of the following descriptions is incorrectly matched to the type of digestion occuring? Acidic pH of gastric juice helping break down proteins and activate enzymes - mechanical digestion Salivary amylase breaking down starch - chemical digestion Peristalsis of the small intestine mixing up chyme - mechanical digestion bile salts helping to emulsify fats and raise the pH - chemical digestion chewing and mixing of food in the mouth - mechanical digestionarrow_forwardMatch the following processes of the Digestive System to their specific description. Match each item to a choice: Choices: Defecation Digestion Secretion Mixing and propulsion Ingestion Absorption the process by which food material are mixed together and propelled within the GI tract. the process by which micro molecules from the process of digestion are absorbed within the small intestine. the chemical and mechanical process of degrading food material into small particles. the act of taking something (food, medicine, liquid, poison etc.) into the body through the mouth. the process by which undigested food particle are expelled out of the body. the process by which chemical enzymes are secreted by the Digestive System aiding Digestion.arrow_forwardVisit this site (http://openstaxcollege.org/l/fooddigestion2) for an overview of digestion of food indifferent regions of the digestive tract. Note the route ofnon-fat nutrients from the small intestine to their release asnutrients to the body.arrow_forward
- Which of the following types of movement is responsible for the mixing of food in the GI tract? Group of answer choices Deglutition Mass movement Peristalsis Segmentation In the digestion of lipids, a chylomicron contains Group of answer choices Both monoglycerides and fatty acids Monoglycerides Fatty acids Triglycerides Which of the following components of digestion is responsible for the chemical breakdown of foods? Group of answer choices Chewing Enzymatic hydrolysis Dissolving Emulsification Which of the following is a hormone that stimulates the pancreas to secrete bicarbonate? Group of answer choices Cholecystokinin Secretin Gastrin Glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptidearrow_forwardWith the two menus provided, answer the question below: Menu 1: Roasted chicken with mashed potatoes (mostly proteins and carbohydrates) Menu 2: Pasta with alfredo saude and cheese (mostly carbohydrates, dairy products and lipids) Question: Describe the steps in the chemical digestion of the main constituents of your meal (name the enzyme (s) and other secretions involved, and what cells secrete them), all of that from the beginning to the end of digestion.arrow_forwardWhich of the following statements regarding digestive systems are correct? Glucose monomers are linked together by alpha 1-4 glycosidic bonds in both starch and cellulose. Gastrin is produced by exocrine cells of the gastric glands. Pepsinogen and gastric acid (HCl) are both secreted into the lumen of the stomach.arrow_forward
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Human digestive system - How it works! (Animation); Author: Thomas Schwenke;https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=X3TAROotFfM;License: Standard Youtube License