General Chemistry
General Chemistry
4th Edition
ISBN: 9781891389603
Author: Donald A. McQuarrie, Peter A. Rock, Ethan B. Gallogly
Publisher: University Science Books
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Chapter 23, Problem 23.39P
Interpretation Introduction

Interpretation:

Value of ΔGrxno, ΔHrxno and ΔSrxno has to be determined for the reaction H2(g) + CO2(g)H2O(g)+ CO(g). Also, the factor that drives the reaction and the direction in which the reaction is spontaneous under standard conditions has to be identified.

Concept Introduction:

The Gibbs free energy or the free energy change is a thermodynamic quantity represented by ΔG.

Value of ΔGrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔGrxnoG°[products]G°[reactants]

If ΔGrxn<0 then the reaction is spontanous in forward reaction and so the reaction will favor products.

If ΔGrxn>0 then the reaction is spontanous in backward reaction and so the reaction will favor reactants.

If ΔGrxn=0 then the reaction is at equilibrium.

Entropy(S): It is used to describe the disorder. It is the amount of arrangements possible in a system at a particular state.

Value of ΔSrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔSrxnoS°[products]S°[reactants]

Value of ΔHrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔHrxnoH°[products]H°[reactants]

Expert Solution & Answer
Check Mark

Answer to Problem 23.39P

Value of ΔGrxno is 28.6 kJ/mol.

Value of ΔHrxno is 41.2 kJ/mol.

Value of ΔSrxno is 0.042kJ/Kmol.

It is an entropy favored reaction

Explanation of Solution

The given reaction is shown below,

  H2(g) + CO2(g)H2O(g)+ CO(g)

  • Calculate the value of ΔGrxno:

Standard free energy of formation values is given below,

  ΔG°[H2(g)]=0 kJ/molΔG°[CO2(g)]=394.4 kJ/molΔG°[H2O(g)]=228.6 kJ/molΔG°[CO(g)]=137.2 kJ/mol

Value of ΔGrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔGrxnoG°[products]G°[reactants]

Substitute the values as follows,

  ΔGrxno[(1)(228.6 kJ/mol)+(1)(137.2 kJ/mol)]  [(1)(0 kJ/mol)+(1)(394.4 kJ/mol)]=28.6 kJ/mol

Therefore, the value of ΔGrxno is 28.6 kJ/mol.

  • Calculate the value of ΔHrxno:

Standard enthalpy of formation values is given below,

  ΔH°[H2(g)]=0 kJ/molΔH°[CO2(g)]=393.5 kJ/molΔH°[H2O(g)]=241.8 kJ/molΔH°[CO(g)]=110.5 kJ/mol

Value of ΔHrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔHrxnoH°[products]H°[reactants]

Substitute the values as follows,

  ΔHrxno[(1)(241.8 kJ/mol)+(1)(110.5 kJ/mol)]  [(1)(393.5 kJ/mol)+(1)(0 kJ/mol)]=41.2 kJ/mol

Therefore, the value of ΔHrxno is 41.2 kJ/mol.

  • Calculate the value of ΔSrxno:

Standard entropy of formation values is given below,

  ΔS°[H2(g)]=130.7 J/KmolΔS°[CO2(g)]=213.8 J/KmolΔS°[H2O(g)]=188.8 J/KmolΔS°[CO(g)]=197.7 J/Kmol

Value of ΔSrxno can be calculated by the equation:

  ΔSrxnoS°[products]S°[reactants]

Substitute the values as follows,

  ΔSrxno[(1)(188.8 J/Kmol)+(1)(197.7 J/Kmol)] [(1)(130.7 J/Kmol)+(1)(213.8 J/Kmol)]=42J/Kmol=0.042kJ/Kmol

Therefore, value of ΔSrxno is 0.042kJ/Kmol.

Here, ΔSrxno>0. Hence, it is an entropy favored reaction.

Also, ΔGrxn>0 so the reaction is spontanous in backward reaction and the direction of reaction from right to left.

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Chapter 23 Solutions

General Chemistry

Ch. 23 - Prob. 23.11PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.12PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.13PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.14PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.15PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.16PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.17PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.18PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.19PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.20PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.21PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.22PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.23PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.24PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.25PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.26PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.27PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.28PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.29PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.30PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.31PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.32PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.33PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.34PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.35PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.36PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.37PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.38PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.39PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.40PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.41PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.42PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.43PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.44PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.45PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.46PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.47PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.48PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.49PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.50PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.51PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.52PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.53PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.54PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.55PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.56PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.57PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.58PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.59PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.60PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.61PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.62PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.63PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.64PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.65PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.66PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.67PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.68PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.69PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.70PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.71PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.72PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.73PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.74PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.75PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.76PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.77PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.78PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.79PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.80PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.81PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.82PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.83PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.84PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.85PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.86PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.87PCh. 23 - Prob. 23.88P
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