Concept explainers
(a)
Interpretation:
The equation for the coupled reaction of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate with ADP to form 3-phosphoglycerate and ATP should be written.
Concept Introduction:
Phosphorylation of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is energetically unfavorable reaction. By coupling with the ATP hydrolysis, this reaction can be converted to a favorable state.
Answer to Problem 23.33P
Explanation of Solution
The conversion of 1,3-bisphosphatoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate and hydrogen phosphate can be represented as follows:
Similarly, the conversion of ATP to ADP can be represented as follows:
To cancel the common species, reaction (1) should be added to the reverse of reaction (2).
The coupled reaction can be represented as follows:
(b)
Interpretation:
The energy change for this coupled reaction should be calculated.
Concept Introduction:
Phosphorylation of 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is energetically unfavorable reaction. by coupling with the ATP hydrolysis, this reaction can be converted to a favorable state.
In the hydrolysis of ATP breaks one phosphate group, forming ADP and hydrogen phosphate, This reaction releases 7.3 kcal/mol of energy.
When the energy of a reaction is a positive value, that reaction is an endothermic reaction and it requires the energy of surrounding to complete the reaction.
When the energy of a reaction is a negative value, that reaction is exothermic, and it releases energy by acting as an energetically favorable reaction.
Answer to Problem 23.33P
- 4.5kcal/mol
Explanation of Solution
The conversion of 1,3-bisphosphatoglycerate to 3-phosphoglycerate and hydrogen phosphate can be represented as follows:
The energy for the above reaction is
Similarly, the conversion of ATP to ADP can be represented as follows:
The energy for the above reaction is
To cancel the common species, reaction (1) should be added to the reverse of reaction (2).
The coupled reaction can be represented as follows:
Thus, the energy change for the reaction is
(c)
Interpretation:
Whether this reaction is used to synthesize ATP from ADP should be explained.
Concept Introduction:
The reaction releases 7.3 kcal/mol of energy.
When the energy of a reaction is a positive value, that reaction is an endothermic reaction and it requires the energy of surrounding to complete the reaction.
When the energy of a reaction is a negative value, that reaction is exothermic, and it releases energy by acting as an energetically favorable reaction.
Answer to Problem 23.33P
This can be used to produce ATP.
Explanation of Solution
Energy = -11.8 kcal/mol + 7.3 kcal/mol = - 4.5kcal/mol
When the energy of a reaction is a negative value, that reaction is exothermic, and it releases energy by acting as an energetically favorable reaction. Therefore, this can be used to produce ATP.
Want to see more full solutions like this?
Chapter 23 Solutions
EBK GENERAL, ORGANIC, & BIOLOGICAL CHEM
- Determine the product of the biochemical hydration reaction. O H₂O, catalystarrow_forwardGlycerol kinase catalyzes the phosphorylation of glycerol from ATP, yielding glycerol-3-phosphate and ADP. The standard state free energy for hydrolysis of glycerol-3- phosphate is -9.20 kj/mol and for the hydrolysis of ATP is-30.5 kJ/mol. Calculate the standard-state free energy change and equilibrium constant for the glycerol kinase reaction at 37 *C. AG kj/mol Keq Submit Answer Try Another Version 10 item attempts remainingarrow_forwardIn the breakdown of fatty acids, we see the activation of a carboxylic acid by its conversion to a amine ester alcohol thioester carbonyl aldehydearrow_forward
- Which of the following refers to oxidation reaction (O), and which refers to reduction reaction (R)? Further, in each equation circle the oxidized form and box the reduced form. R NAD+ 2H + 2e →NADH+ H+ Fe+2 →Fe+3 gain of electrons FADH2 →→FAD + 2H+ + 2e NADH+H NAD+ 2H + 2e NADP+ 2H* + 2e- →NADPH + H+ loss of electrons FAD+ 2H + 2e FADH2 releases energy NADPH + H+ →→ NADP+ + 2H + 2e¯ Fe+3 →→Fe+2 absorbs energy TAarrow_forwardIs this statement true or false? Superoxide dismutase is used to detoxify H2O2 and produce H2O.arrow_forwardWrite the reaction for the oxidation of ascorbic acid catalyzed by ascorbic acid oxidase.arrow_forward
- Which of the following is considered an oxidation reaction? NADH → NAD+ FAD → FADH Conversion of an alkene to an alkane Conversion of a carboxyl group to an aldehyde grouparrow_forwardIn a dietary context, what is the difference between good cholesterol and bad cholesterol?arrow_forwardWhat are the general names for the products obtained when a triacylglycerol molecule participates in an acidic-hydrolysis reaction in which a. three molecules of water participate b. two molecules of water participate c. one molecule of water participatesarrow_forward
- General, Organic, and Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781285853918Author:H. Stephen StokerPublisher:Cengage LearningOrganic And Biological ChemistryChemistryISBN:9781305081079Author:STOKER, H. Stephen (howard Stephen)Publisher:Cengage Learning,Introduction to General, Organic and BiochemistryChemistryISBN:9781285869759Author:Frederick A. Bettelheim, William H. Brown, Mary K. Campbell, Shawn O. Farrell, Omar TorresPublisher:Cengage Learning
- Chemistry for Today: General, Organic, and Bioche...ChemistryISBN:9781305960060Author:Spencer L. Seager, Michael R. Slabaugh, Maren S. HansenPublisher:Cengage Learning